{
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    "slug": "curious-meadow",
    "projectID": "global",
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    "path": "private/var/folders/t7/b_w5m78j2mbb1ct051p9sv500000gn/T/nudge-opencode-generation-CSINMA",
    "title": "Nudge content generation",
    "agent": "nudge-generation",
    "model": {
      "id": "gpt-5.6-sol",
      "providerID": "openai",
      "variant": "max"
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    "tokens": {
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  "messages": [
    {
      "info": {
        "role": "user",
        "time": {
          "created": 1787510057036
        },
        "agent": "nudge-generation",
        "model": {
          "providerID": "openai",
          "modelID": "gpt-5.6-sol",
          "variant": "max"
        },
        "system": "Follow the user prompt and output schema exactly.",
        "format": {
          "type": "json_schema",
          "schema": {
            "type": "object",
            "properties": {
              "status": {
                "type": "string",
                "enum": [
                  "success",
                  "unsolvable"
                ],
                "description": "Set to 'success' when the supplied statement defines a solvable programming problem. Set to 'unsolvable' only if the statement is fundamentally incomplete, contradictory, or depends on an inaccessible required resource."
              },
              "reason": {
                "anyOf": [
                  {
                    "type": "string"
                  },
                  {
                    "type": "null"
                  }
                ],
                "description": "If status is 'unsolvable', provide a detailed failure message to show users. Name the concrete statement/resource blocker and any relevant source lookup/access status, such as missing official tutorial, 403/Cloudflare challenge, 404, or unavailable accepted submissions. Otherwise null."
              },
              "hints": {
                "anyOf": [
                  {
                    "type": "array",
                    "description": "Exactly 5 progressive hints, each building on the last.",
                    "items": {
                      "type": "object",
                      "properties": {
                        "order": {
                          "type": "number",
                          "description": "Hint number, 1 through 5."
                        },
                        "content": {
                          "type": "string",
                          "description": "Markdown hint text."
                        }
                      },
                      "required": [
                        "order",
                        "content"
                      ],
                      "additionalProperties": false
                    }
                  },
                  {
                    "type": "null"
                  }
                ],
                "description": "If status is 'success', provide exactly 5 progressive hints. Otherwise null."
              },
              "editorial": {
                "anyOf": [
                  {
                    "type": "string"
                  },
                  {
                    "type": "null"
                  }
                ],
                "description": "If status is 'success', a prose editorial explaining the solution in Nudge's own voice, with no links, citations, or source/research notes. Otherwise null."
              },
              "solution": {
                "anyOf": [
                  {
                    "type": "string"
                  },
                  {
                    "type": "null"
                  }
                ],
                "description": "If status is 'success', a complete C++ solution. Otherwise null."
              }
            },
            "required": [
              "status",
              "reason",
              "hints",
              "editorial",
              "solution"
            ],
            "additionalProperties": false,
            "title": "problem_response",
            "description": "Submit the generated content for the problem, or report if it is unsolvable."
          },
          "retryCount": 2
        },
        "id": "msg_02fe6e84c0014A6A9AfJUuwnBC",
        "sessionID": "ses_fd01917c4ffe6QrNmiQUxtaBSP"
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      "parts": [
        {
          "type": "text",
          "text": "Generate Codeforces learning content: five progressive hints, an original editorial, and AC-quality C++.\n\nSolve from the supplied statement first. For very hard problems, do a quick source check for the official Codeforces tutorial/editorial and accepted submissions when they would help you derive or verify the solution. If a source is blocked, missing, Cloudflare-challenged, 404, or otherwise unavailable, keep solving from the supplied statement and remember that source status. If you still can't solve after that, it's ok.\n\nWrite clean Markdown with LaTeX as needed. Use quick and clever humor when appropriate. Tell it like it is (don't sugar-coat responses), and use very casual language. You are fully allowed to swear, just don't overdo it like a sailor (be natural). Deconstruct any false assumptions.\n\nGenerate content for Codeforces problem 2257F2: \"Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)\".\n\nKnown problem metadata:\n- Contest ID: 2257\n- Index: F2\n- Name: Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)\n- Rating: unknown / unrated\n- Tags: data structures, dp, matrices\n- Problem URL: https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2\n\nUse the rating and tags as weak signals only. The supplied statement is the source of truth.\n\nProblem Statement:\n<problem-statement>\n<div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>1024 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file input-standard\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file output-standard\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p><span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">This is the hard version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that in this version, the constraint on $$$x$$$ and time limit are higher. You can hack only if you solved all versions of this problem.</span></p><p>The Beaver is training to jump long distances. The Beaver can already jump $$$x$$$ meters. However, just jumping as far as possible is easy and boring. Therefore, the Beaver has created an unusual training track for jumping.</p><p>The track consists of $$$n$$$ platforms; each platform consists of $$$d_i$$$ meter cells. If the Beaver stands on platform number $$$i$$$, jumps, and lands back on the same platform, this results in $$$s_i$$$ penalty points being awarded; otherwise, no penalty points are given. The Beaver can jump forward any integer number of cells less than or equal to $$$x$$$. Note that the Beaver can skip one or more platforms in a single jump without landing on them at all.</p><p>The Beaver has unlimited computational power in its mind and always jumps in such a way as to minimize the total penalty for passing the track. Moreover, the track is not constant, and sometimes the lengths and penalties of some platforms change. Learn to calculate what penalty the Beaver will get if it starts standing on the first cell of platform number $$$l$$$ and finishes standing on the last cell of platform number $$$r$$$.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains three integers $$$n$$$, $$$q$$$, $$$x$$$&nbsp;— the number of sections of the track, the number of queries, and the maximum jump length, respectively ($$$1 \\leq n \\leq 10^6$$$; $$$1 \\leq q \\leq 10^4$$$; $$$1 \\leq x \\leq 10$$$).</p><p>The second line contains $$$n$$$ integers $$$d_i$$$&nbsp;— the lengths of the platforms ($$$1 \\leq d_i \\leq 10^7$$$).</p><p>The third line contains $$$n$$$ integers $$$s_i$$$&nbsp;— the penalties ($$$1 \\leq s_i \\leq 10^5$$$).</p><p>The following $$$q$$$ lines describe the queries in one of the following formats: </p><ol> <li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">1 $$$i$$$ $$$v$$$</span>\"&nbsp;— set the length of the $$$i$$$-th platform to $$$v$$$ ($$$1 \\leq i \\leq n$$$; $$$1 \\leq v \\leq 10^7$$$); </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">2 $$$i$$$ $$$y$$$</span>\"&nbsp;— set the penalty on the $$$i$$$-th platform to $$$y$$$ ($$$1 \\leq i \\leq n$$$; $$$1 \\leq y \\leq 10^5$$$); </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">? $$$l$$$ $$$r$$$</span>\"&nbsp;— calculate the minimum penalty for passing the track consisting of platforms from $$$l$$$ to $$$r$$$ ($$$1 \\leq l \\leq r \\leq n$$$). </li></ol></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>For each query of the third type, output a single number on a separate line&nbsp;— the minimum penalty.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Example</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">5 8 3</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">4 2 5 1 3</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">4 2 7 1 5</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">? 1 3</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">2 2 10</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">? 1 3</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">1 1 2</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">? 1 3</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">? 2 5</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">1 3 2</div><div class=\"test-example-line test-example-line-even test-example-line-0\">? 2 5</div></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>11\n11\n7\n7\n0\n</pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>During the first query, the lengths of the course sections are $$$[4, 2, 5]$$$ with costs $$$[4, 2, 7]$$$; the optimal route is </p><p>$$$$$$1 \\rightarrow 4 \\rightarrow 6 \\rightarrow 8 \\rightarrow 11$$$$$$ In this case, the penalty is $$$4 + 0 + 0 + 7 = 11$$$. </p><p>Before the second query, the penalty of the second course increased, but we never get it; thus, the answer to this query is also $$$11$$$.</p><p>Before the third query, we have the lengths of the courses $$$[2, 2, 5]$$$; then the route $$$$$$1 \\rightarrow 4 \\rightarrow 6 \\rightarrow 9$$$$$$ gives a penalty of 7, as the only penalizing jump is within one platform: $$$6 \\rightarrow 9$$$.</p></div>\n</problem-statement>\n\n\nSource lookup status:\n<source-lookup-status>\n- Tutorial (en): https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058 loaded (200 OK; title: \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\"; mentions 2257F2)\n</source-lookup-status>\n\nGenerate:\n1. Five progressive hints, from a gentle nudge to the key insight.\n2. A deep editorial explaining like literally everything.\n3. A complete C++26 solution that gets AC on Codeforces.\n\nFormatting & Style Rules:\n- Hints and editorial: valid Markdown with LaTeX as needed (e.g., $dp[i]$, $$\\sum_{i=1}^{n} a_i$$).\n- Hints and editorial must read like Nudge's own explanation. No research notes, source notes, citations, Markdown links, URLs, or references to editorials/submissions/posts.\n- Solution: raw C++ only, no Markdown fences.\n- Keep C++ short, clean, standard, and single-file. Comments are fine when they clarify the idea.\n\nOutput strictness:\n- Return JSON matching the provided schema exactly.\n- If the problem is solvable, return `status: \"success\"`, `reason: null`, and fill in `hints`, `editorial`, and `solution`.\n- Return `status: \"unsolvable\"`, a short `reason`, and set `hints`, `editorial`, and `solution` to null only when the supplied statement is fundamentally incomplete, contradictory, or dependent on an inaccessible resource needed to define the task. Missing research, high rating, uncertainty, or \"can't guarantee AC\" is not a reason to return unsolvable.\n- If you return `status: \"unsolvable\"`, the `reason` is shown directly to users. Be concrete: say what exact statement/resource blocker stopped you, and include relevant source lookup status if it mattered (for example: official tutorial missing, Codeforces returned 403/Cloudflare challenge, tutorial page 404, accepted submissions unavailable).\n- Each hint must be JUST the hint text. No \"Hint 1:\" or subtitles. The UI adds those automatically.\n- Do not start the editorial with an \"# Editorial\" heading. The UI already adds that section. Feel free to add other headers as needed though.\n- Use styling in the editorial if needed! Just that first header is no good but any subheaders or bolding or whatever is good!\n\nFor the C++ solution, you MUST use this template and work around it:\n\n```cpp\n#include <bits/stdc++.h>\nusing namespace std;\n\nusing ll = long long;\n\nvoid setIO() {\n    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);\n    cin.tie(nullptr);\n}\n\nint main() {\n    setIO();\n}\n```",
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        "mode": "nudge-generation",
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        "variant": "max",
        "path": {
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          "root": "/"
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        "providerID": "openai",
        "time": {
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          "completed": 1787510075081
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        "finish": "tool-calls",
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          "type": "reasoning",
          "text": "**Planning tutorial retrieval**",
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              "format": "markdown",
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            "output": "---\nimage: //codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\ntitle: Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\ndescription: Codeforces. Programming competitions and contests, programming community\n---\n\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\"> \n\n  \n[![Codeforces](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png \"Codeforces\")](https://codeforces.com/) \n\n[![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?locale=en) [![По-русски](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/ru.png \"По-русски\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?locale=ru) \n\n[Enter](https://codeforces.com/enter?back=%2Fblog%2Fentry%2F156058)| [Register](https://codeforces.com/register) \n\n  \n* [Home](https://codeforces.com/)\n* [Top](https://codeforces.com/top)\n* [Catalog](https://codeforces.com/catalog)\n* [Contests](https://codeforces.com/contests)\n* [Gym](https://codeforces.com/gyms)\n* [Problemset](https://codeforces.com/problemset)\n* [Groups](https://codeforces.com/groups)\n* 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[Teams](https://codeforces.com/teams/with/pskobx)\n* [Submissions](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx)\n* [Groups](https://codeforces.com/groups/with/pskobx)\n* [Contests](https://codeforces.com/contests/with/pskobx)\n* [Problemsetting](https://codeforces.com/contests/writer/pskobx)\n\n### [pskobx's blog](https://codeforces.com/blog/pskobx)\n\n[ Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) Editorial ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058) \n\nBy [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\"), 6 days ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\nThank you for participating in our round! We hope you enjoyed the problems.\n\n[2257A - Creating Abbreviations](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/A \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") Idea: [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nNote that adding abbreviations to the set $$$S$$$ does not create any new possibilities for creating new abbreviations, because a word starting with that letter already exists. Therefore, for each of the 26 letters, we can remember that there is a word that begins with it, and then go through all the abbreviations and check each letter.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467084](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467084 \"Submission 387467084 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n[2257B - Gigantomachy](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/B \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") Idea: [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nOn each turn, the height at which the giant stands decreases by exactly $$$1$$$, except in cases where he changes mountains. \n\nThus, the first giant will lose after $$$((a\\_1 - a\\_2) + 1) + ((a\\_2 - a\\_3) + 1) + \\\\dots + ((a\\_{n - 1} - a\\_n) + 1) + a\\_n = a\\_1 + n - 1$$$ moves. \n\nSimilarly, the second giant will lose after $$$b\\_1 + m - 1$$$ moves. All left is only to compare these two numbers.\n\nTime complexity: $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(n)$$$.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467136](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467136 \"Submission 387467136 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n[2257C - Spying on the Beaver](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/C \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") Idea: [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nSuppose we have placed some cameras and remove the corresponding edges from the tree. If all the dams are now in different connected components, we can always uniquely determine where the Beaver went. Conversely, if there is a component containing two dams, we cannot distinguish between them.\n\nSince the original graph is a tree, it is necessary and sufficient to remove $$$m-1$$$ edges.\n\nIf the root contains a dam, we can take the edges leading directly to all the other dams, obtaining a set of size $$$m-1$$$.\n\nIf the root does not contain a dam, we take the same edges but skip one of them. It is important that we cannot skip just any edge: we must choose a dam such that there are no other dams on the path from the root to it. We can take the dam with the smallest depth or vertex number. In this case, we do not even need to run a DFS.\n\nTime complexity: $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(n+m)$$$.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467226](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467226 \"Submission 387467226 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n[2257D - Bermuda Rectangle](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/D \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") Idea: [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\"), [oblememan](https://codeforces.com/profile/oblememan \"Master oblememan\"), [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nBefore processing the queries, let us perform some preprocessing. Find all pairs $$$(a, b)$$$ such that $$$a \\\\cdot b = S$$$. There are $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(\\\\sqrt{S})$$$ such pairs, and they can also be found in $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(\\\\sqrt{S})$$$ time with standard algorithms.\n\nThese pairs are the top-right corners of all possible Bermuda rectangles. The union of these rectangles forms a staircase-like shape; let us call it $$$F$$$. The answer to a query is the area of the intersection of the query rectangle with $$$F$$$.\n\nSort the points by $$$x$$$, and for the point with index $$$i$$$, compute the value $$$P\\_i$$$, equal to the area of $$$F$$$ between $$$0$$$ and this $$$x\\_i$$$.\n\nThis information is enough to answer each query efficiently using binary search. We find the position where the boundary of $$$F$$$ crosses the horizontal side of the query rectangle and calculate the answer using the corresponding prefix areas. The exact formulas and case analysis may vary depending on the implementation.\n\nA couple of remarks that may make implementation easier. If there is a point $$$(x, y)$$$, then there is also $$$(y, x)$$$, and since, knowing one coordinate, it is easy to compute the other. Therefore, it is enough to store just the sorted list of divisors of $$$S$$$ and treat them both as $$$x$$$ and as $$$y$$$. \n\nPreprocessing complexity: $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(\\\\sqrt{S})$$$, time complexity per query: $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(\\\\log S)$$$.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467301](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467301 \"Submission 387467301 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n[2257E - Busy Beaver](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/E \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") Idea: [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nThe first step is to earn as many carrots as possible to maximize our capital. Divide the floors of each building into the shortest consecutive segments whose total profit is non-negative, and calculate the entry threshold of each such segment. The entry threshold is the minimum amount of capital required to construct all floors of the segment in order.\n\nFor example, consider two floors with $$$(a\\_1, a\\_2) = (10, 0)$$$ and $$$(b\\_1, b\\_2) = (0, 100)$$$. Constructing only the first floor is unprofitable, but constructing both floors yields a profit of $$$90$$$ carrots. However, an initial capital of at least $$$10$$$ carrots is required.\n\nIn an ordered set, we keep the next available segment for each building, sorted by its entry threshold. While the segment with the minimum threshold is affordable, we construct the entire segment, add its profit to our capital, and insert the next segment of the same building into the set. If the segment with the minimum threshold is not affordable, then none of the available segments can be constructed, meaning that we have maximized our capital.\n\nIn the second step, we independently try to continue constructing each building from its current height, floor by floor, for as long as the current capital allows. Among all buildings, we choose the maximum resulting height and, in case of a tie, the smallest index.\n\nTime complexity: $$$\\\\mathcal{O}\\\\left(\\\\sum m\\_i \\\\log n\\\\right)$$$.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467400](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467400 \"Submission 387467400 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n[2257F1 - Beaver's Jumping Track (Easy Version)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F1 \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") Idea: [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\"), [oblememan](https://codeforces.com/profile/oblememan \"Master oblememan\"), [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nSince $$$x$$$ is small, we build a segment tree whose vertices store matrices of size $$$x \\\\times x$$$.\n\nFor an interval of platforms, let $$$c\\[i\\]\\[j\\]$$$ be the minimum penalty if the Beaver starts $$$i$$$ cells after the beginning of the interval and first lands $$$j$$$ cells after its end. Invalid starting positions are ignored.\n\nFor a single platform of length $$$d$$$ and penalty $$$s$$$,\n\n$$$ c\\[i\\]\\[j\\]= \\\\left( \\\\left\\\\lceil\\\\frac{d+j-i}{x}\\\\right\\\\rceil-1 \\\\right)s, $$$\n\nwhere $$$0\\\\le i \\\\lt \\\\min(d,x)$$$ and $$$0\\\\le j \\\\lt x$$$. The last jump leaves the platform and causes no penalty, while all previous jumps stay inside it.\n\nTo merge two consecutive intervals $$$A$$$ and $$$B$$$, enumerate the first landing position $$$k$$$ in $$$B$$$:\n\n$$$ c\\_{A+B}\\[i\\]\\[j\\] = \\\\min\\_k\\\\left(c\\_A\\[i\\]\\[k\\]+c\\_B\\[k\\]\\[j\\]\\\\right). $$$\n\nIf $$$A$$$ contains fewer than $$$x$$$ cells, the Beaver may start directly inside $$$B$$$; in this case, we copy the corresponding values from $$$c\\_B$$$.\n\nFor a query $$$\\[l,r\\]$$$, obtain the matrix for $$$\\[l,r-1\\]$$$ and enumerate the first landing position $$$i$$$ on platform $$$r$$$. The answer is\n\n$$$ \\\\min\\_{0\\\\le i \\\\lt \\\\min(x,d\\_r)} \\\\left( c\\[0\\]\\[i\\] + \\\\left\\\\lceil\\\\frac{d\\_r-i-1}{x}\\\\right\\\\rceil s\\_r \\\\right). $$$\n\nThe case $$$l=r$$$ is calculated directly.\n\nEach update and query takes $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(x^3\\\\log n)$$$ time. Memory complexity is $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(nx^2)$$$. Build is $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(nx^3)$$$.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467533](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467533 \"Submission 387467533 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n[2257F2 - Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2 \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\")\n\n**Solution**\n\nSurprisingly, the main problem with the solution from F1 is memory, not time. A segment tree stores $$$\\\\mathcal{O}(n)$$$ matrices, each containing $$$x^2$$$ values. For $$$x=10$$$, this does not fit into the memory limit.\n\nTo reduce memory usage, divide the platforms into blocks of size $$$B$$$ (for example, $$$B=16$$$). For each block, calculate the matrix of the entire block using the same merging formula as in F1\\. Then build a segment tree only over these block matrices.\n\nFor a query, at most two blocks are only partially covered by the required range. Process the platforms in these blocks separately, and use the segment tree to combine all blocks that are fully covered. After an update, recalculate the matrix of the affected block and update it in the segment tree.\n\nFor a block size $$$B$$$, the memory complexity is $$$\\\\mathcal{O}\\\\left(n+\\\\frac{n}{B}x^2\\\\right)$$$.\n\nEach query takes $$$\\\\mathcal{O}\\\\left(Bx^2+x^3\\\\log\\\\frac{n}{B}\\\\right)$$$.\n\nАnd each update takes $$$\\\\mathcal{O}\\\\left(Bx^3+x^3\\\\log\\\\frac{n}{B}\\\\right)$$$.\n\n**Code**\n\n[387467610](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/submission/387467610 \"Submission 387467610 by pskobx\")\n\n**Rate the problem**\n\nAmazing [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nGood [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nOk [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nBad [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\nTerrible [ ](https://codeforces.com/data/like?action=like \"I like this\") \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Tutorial of [Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* \\-111\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx) [pskobx ](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 6 days ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058#comments) [209 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058#comments)\n\n  \n![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/comments-48x48.png \"Comments\") Comments (209) \n\n[Write comment?](#) \n\n| » [esc\\_qwq](https://codeforces.com/profile/esc%5Fqwq \"Candidate Master esc_qwq\") | 6 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/4963270/avatar/be164ba8d5d4a72e.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/esc%5Fqwq) [esc\\_qwq](https://codeforces.com/profile/esc%5Fqwq \"Candidate Master esc_qwq\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386304 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +91 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) Horrible contest [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n* | » » [jypo\\_CYL](https://codeforces.com/profile/jypo%5FCYL \"Newbie jypo_CYL\") | 6 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |\n\n| » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/3846644/avatar/58b83965b1ab953b.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/jypo%5FCYL) [jypo\\_CYL](https://codeforces.com/profile/jypo%5FCYL \"Newbie jypo_CYL\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386363 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386304 \"Parent comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +3 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) so bad D [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n  * | » » » [unorz](https://codeforces.com/profile/unorz \"Newbie unorz\") | 5 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------- |\n\n| » » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/4392235/avatar/9e0dd13ad8852cf4.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/unorz) [unorz](https://codeforces.com/profile/unorz \"Newbie unorz\") | 5 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386715 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386363 \"Parent comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) interesting, i loved D! Really resembled USACO problems [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |\n\n    * | » » » » [jypo\\_CYL](https://codeforces.com/profile/jypo%5FCYL \"Newbie jypo_CYL\") | 5 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » » » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/3846644/avatar/58b83965b1ab953b.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/jypo%5FCYL) [jypo\\_CYL](https://codeforces.com/profile/jypo%5FCYL \"Newbie jypo_CYL\") | 5 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386745 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386715 \"Parent comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) nah it shouldn't be [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |\n\n| » [Vctqwq](https://codeforces.com/profile/Vctqwq \"Specialist Vctqwq\") | 6 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/2479255/avatar/5d52d13c72db55a1.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/Vctqwq) [Vctqwq](https://codeforces.com/profile/Vctqwq \"Specialist Vctqwq\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386306 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +42 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) Super fast editorial! But these statements are difficult to understand :( [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n* | » » [RizzCoder](https://codeforces.com/profile/RizzCoder \"Newbie RizzCoder\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/5564274/avatar/4212eb081339fb3b.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/RizzCoder) [RizzCoder](https://codeforces.com/profile/RizzCoder \"Newbie RizzCoder\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386351 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386306 \"Parent comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) bro editorial is wrong [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n| » [zeyd1234](https://codeforces.com/profile/zeyd1234 \"Specialist zeyd1234\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/4840403/avatar/50b684c8412376e6.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/zeyd1234) [zeyd1234](https://codeforces.com/profile/zeyd1234 \"Specialist zeyd1234\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386311 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +20 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) Bad contest... but at least i gain some rating. [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n| » [\\-rmq](https://codeforces.com/profile/-rmq \"Specialist -rmq\") | 6 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/-rmq) [\\-rmq](https://codeforces.com/profile/-rmq \"Specialist -rmq\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386326 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) Can you recheck, if correct code is attached in the editorial. Seems different submission is present here [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx) [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n* | » » [RizzCoder](https://codeforces.com/profile/RizzCoder \"Newbie RizzCoder\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/5564274/avatar/4212eb081339fb3b.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/RizzCoder) [RizzCoder](https://codeforces.com/profile/RizzCoder \"Newbie RizzCoder\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386333 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386326 \"Parent comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) yeah I think first has nothing to do with 3 variables [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n* | » » [zeyd1234](https://codeforces.com/profile/zeyd1234 \"Specialist zeyd1234\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/4840403/avatar/50b684c8412376e6.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/zeyd1234) [zeyd1234](https://codeforces.com/profile/zeyd1234 \"Specialist zeyd1234\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386338 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386326 \"Parent comment\") \\| [←](#)Rev. 2 [→](#) [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) type (user:XXX), if you want to ping someone. But with \\[\\], instead of (). But if you don't want to get your contribution < -100, please, don't ping someone unless necessary. [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n* | » » [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/1250475/avatar/7536d700942a822b.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx) [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386346 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386326 \"Parent comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) I'll fix it now, thanks [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n| » [20111019Yu](https://codeforces.com/profile/20111019Yu \"Master 20111019Yu\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/3490545/avatar/2b7d9f312416805a.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/20111019Yu) [20111019Yu](https://codeforces.com/profile/20111019Yu \"Master 20111019Yu\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386329 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +8 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) How dare you write the wrong range? [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n| » [bandit07](https://codeforces.com/profile/bandit07 \"Newbie bandit07\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/5022929/avatar/9f7f959d1770105a.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/bandit07) [bandit07](https://codeforces.com/profile/bandit07 \"Newbie bandit07\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386332 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) 0 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) Apart from Figuring out TLE on D, everything was great! [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n| » [zhaohongdi114514](https://codeforces.com/profile/zhaohongdi114514 \"Candidate Master zhaohongdi114514\") | 6 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |\n\n| » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/zhaohongdi114514) [zhaohongdi114514](https://codeforces.com/profile/zhaohongdi114514 \"Candidate Master zhaohongdi114514\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386334 \"Link to comment\") \\| [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +35 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) Felt like eating shit. [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n* | » » [ma\\_niu\\_bi](https://codeforces.com/profile/ma%5Fniu%5Fbi \"Expert ma_niu_bi\") | 6 days ago, [show](#) # |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |\n\n| » » [ ![](https://codeforces.com/userpic.codeforces.org/2710300/avatar/1c5c34a0e21a0f46.jpg) ](https://codeforces.com/profile/ma%5Fniu%5Fbi) [ma\\_niu\\_bi](https://codeforces.com/profile/ma%5Fniu%5Fbi \"Expert ma_niu_bi\") | 6 days ago, [hide](#) [#](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058?#comment-1386672 \"Link to comment\") [^](#comment-1386334 \"Parent comment\") \\| [←](#)Rev. 3 [→](#) [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#) +3 [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#) My brain's full of shit. [→](#) [Reply](#) |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n\n| » [invoker.\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/invoker.%5F \"Pupil invoker._\") | 6 days ago, [show (+1)](#) # |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |\n\n\n...359925 bytes truncated...\n\nThe tool call succeeded but the output was truncated. Full output saved to: /Users/zayd/.local/share/opencode/tool-output/tool_02fe72eba001xr0LuoYIMigSas\nUse Grep to search the full content or Read with offset/limit to view specific sections.",
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            "output": "Title: Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) - kmjp's blog\nURL: https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1000\nPublished: 2026-08-20T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: kmjp\nHighlights:\nCodeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) - kmjp's blog\n...\n## 競技プログラミング参加記です\n\n 2026- 08- 20 \n\n# Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) \n\nこんなテクがあったか…。 https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2\n...\nN個の島からなる双六を考える。 各島iにはセル数D[i]とペナルティS[i]が指定される。\n...\n各島のセルは左右一列に並んでいる。 この時、先頭の島の左端から初めて最後の島の右端のセルに移動することを考える。 パラメータXが与えられており、１手で1～Xマスだけ進んだセルに移動できる。 その際、移動元と移動先が同じ島だと、ペナルティS[i]が課される。\n...\n以下のクエリに順次答えよ。\n...\n- D[i]を１か所更新する\n- S[i]を１か所更新する\n- 島の区間が指定される。その間で、先頭マスから末尾のマスに至る最小ペナルティを答えよ。\n...\n### 解法\n...\nEasyだとXが小さい。 その場合、SegTreeに、島に入るとき初手でスタートから何マス目のセルに入るか、そして最後終端から何マス手前のセルを通るかX^2通り状態を持ち、それぞれのコストを載せる。 あとはこの情報を合成していけば、良い。\n...\nHardだとXが大きいため、セル毎にX^2通りの状態を持つとメモリがあふれる。 そこで、島B個毎にブロックを分け、SegTreeにはブロック毎にX^2通りの情報を持たせよう。そうすればメモリ使用量が1/Bになる。 代わりに更新クエリの場合は、島B個分の状態を合成しないといけないが、それでも十分間に合う。\n...\n```cpp\nint N,Q,X;\n...\narray<array<ll,10>,10> merge(array<array<ll,10>,10> L,array<array<ll,10>,10> R) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10>,10> M;\n\tint l1,r1,l2,r2;\n\tFOR(l1,X)  FOR(r2,X) {\n\t\tM[l1][r2]=1LL<<60;\n\t\tFOR(l2,X) chmin(M[l1][r2],L[l1][X-1-l2]+R[l2][r2]);\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\n...\ntemplate<class V,int NV> class SegTree_ma {\npublic:\n\tvector<V> val;\n\t\n\tSegTree_ma(){val=vector<V>(NV*2);};\n\tV getval(int x,int y,int l=0,int r=NV,int k=1) { // x<=i<y\n\t\tif(x<=l && r<=y) return val[k];\n\t\tif(y<=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k*2);\n\t\tif(x>=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k*2+1);\n\t\treturn merge(getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k*2),getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k*2+1));\n\t}\n\tvoid update(int entry, V v) {\n\t\tentry += NV;\n\t\tval[entry]=v;\n\t\twhile(entry>1) entry>>=1, val[entry]=merge(val[entry*2],val[entry*2+1]);\n\t}\n};\n...\nSegTree_ma<array<array<ll,10>,10>,1<<16> st;\n\nint D[1<<20],S[1<<20];\n\nconst int B=16;\n...\narray<array<ll,10>,10> create(int d,int p) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10>,10> M;\n\tint x,y;\n\tFOR(x,X) FOR(y,X) {\n\t\tM[x][y]=(d-y)-(x+1);\n\t\tif(M[x][y]<=0) M[x][y]=0;\n\t\telse M[x][y]=(M[x][y]+X-1)/X*p;\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\n...\narray<array<ll,10>,10> merge(int L,int R) {\n\tauto V=create(D[L],S[L]);\n\tfor(int i=L+1;i<R;i++) {\n\t\tauto W=create(D[i],S[i]);\n\t\tV=merge(V,W);\n\t}\n\treturn V;\n}\n...\nvoid solve() {\n\tint i,j,k,l,r,x,y; string s;\n\t\n\tcin>>N>>Q>>X;\n\tFOR(i,N) cin>>D[i];\n\tFOR(i,N) cin>>S[i];\n\t\n\tFOR(i,N/B+1) {\n\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t}\n\twhile(Q--) {\n\t\tcin>>s;\n\t\tif(s==\"1\") {\n\t\t\tcin>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tD[i-1]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"2\") {\n\t\t\tcin>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tS[i-1]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t\t\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"?\") {\n\t\t\tint L,R;\n\t\t\tcin>>L>>R;\n\t\t\tL--;\n\t\t\tauto p=create(D[L],S[L]);\n\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\twhile(L<R&&L%B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D[L],S[L]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tif(L/B!=R/B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,st.getval(L/B,R/B));\n\t\t\t\tL=R/B*B;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\twhile(L<R) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D[L],S[L]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tcout<<p[0][0]<<endl;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) Editorial\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058\nPublished: 2026-08-17T18:34:49.782Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nAmazing \n\nGood\n...\nOk \n\nBad \n\nTerrible \n\n2257F2 - Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)\n...\nSurprisingly, the main problem with the solution from F1 is memory, not time. A segment tree stores $$$\\mathcal{O}(n)$$$ matrices, each containing $$$x^2$$$ values. For $$$x=10$$$, this does not fit into the memory limit.\n...\nTo reduce memory usage, divide the platforms into blocks of size $$$B$$$ (for example, $$$B=16$$$). For each block, calculate the matrix of the entire block using the same merging formula as in F1. Then build a segment tree only over these block matrices.\n...\nFor a query, at most two blocks are only partially covered by the required range. Process the platforms in these blocks separately, and use the segment tree to combine all blocks that are fully covered. After an update, recalculate the matrix of the affected block and update it in the segment tree.\n...\nFor a block size $$$B$$$, the memory complexity is $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(n+\\frac{n}{B}x^2\\right)$$$.\n...\nEach query takes $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(Bx^2+x^3\\log\\frac{n}{B}\\right)$$$.\n...\nАnd each update takes $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(Bx^3+x^3\\log\\frac{n}{B}\\right)$$$.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Problemset\nURL: https://codeforces.com/problemset\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nProblemset - Codeforces\n\n|\n\nProblems\n\nCodeforces(c) Copyright 2010-2026 Mike Mirzayanov\n\nThe only programming contests Web 2.0 platform\n\nServer time: Aug/14/2026 12:51:30 (n1).\n\nDesktop version, switch to mobile version.\n\nPrivacy Policy| Terms and Conditions\n\nSupported by\n\nUser lists\n\n| Name |\n| --- |\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codehunt\nURL: https://codehunt.cc/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCodehunt\n\nCodehunt\n\n---\n\nTitle: mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions: 📂 Explore C++ ...\nURL: https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions\nPublished: 2025-11-16T17:14:03.000Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n| Difficulty ⇅ | Tags | Question | Solution |\n| :---: | :--- | :---: | :--- | :---: | :---: |\n| 2167G | G Mukhammadali and the Smooth Array | 1600 | `data structures`, `dp` | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2167/problem/G) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/G_Mukhammadali_and_the_Smooth_Array.cpp) |\n| 821C | C Okabe and Boxes | 1500 | `data structures`, `greedy`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/821/problem/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Okabe_and_Boxes.cpp) |\n| 455A | A Boredom | 1500 | `dp` | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/455/problem/A) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/A_Boredom.cpp) |\n| 2106D | D Flower Boy | 1500 | `binary search`, `dp`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/2106/D) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/D_Flower_Boy.cpp) |\n| 816B | B Karen and Coffee | 1400 | `binary search`, `data structures`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/816/problem/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Karen_and_Coffee.cpp) |\n| 520B | B Two Buttons | 1400 | `dfs and similar`, `graphs`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/520/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Two_Buttons.cpp) |\n| 279B | B Books | 1400 | `binary search`, `brute force`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/279/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Books.cpp) |\n| 26B | B Regular Bracket Sequence | 1400 | `greedy` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/26/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Regular_Bracket_Sequence.cpp) |\n| 2171C2 | C 2 Renako Amaori and XOR Game hard version | 1400 | `bitmasks`, `games`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2171/problem/C2) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_2_Renako_Amaori_and_XOR_Game_hard_version.cpp) |\n| 1095C | C Powers Of Two | 1400 | `bitmasks`, `greedy` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/1095/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Powers_Of_Two.cpp) |\n| 4C | C Registration system | 1300 | `data structures`, `hashing`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/4/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Registration_system.cpp) |\n| 459B | B Pashmak and Flowers | 1300 | `combinatorics`, `implementation`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/459/problem/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Pashmak_and_Flowers.cpp) |\n| 451B | B Sort the Array | 1300 | `implementation`, `sortings` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/451/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Sort_the_Array.cpp) |\n| 318B | B Strings of Power | 1300 | `implementation`, `strings`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/318/problem/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Strings_of_Power.cpp) |\n| 25A | A IQ test | 1300 | `brute force` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/25/A) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/A_IQ_test.cpp) |\n| 230B | B T primes | 1300 | `binary search`, `implementation`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/230/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_T_primes.cpp) |\n| 2172M | M Maximum Distance To Port | 1300 | `graphs`, `shortest paths` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/2172/M) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/M_Maximum_Distance_To_Port.cpp) |\n| 2169C | C Range Operation | 1300 | `dp`, `greedy`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2169/problem/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Range_Operation.cpp) |\n| 2160C | C Reverse XOR | 1300 | `bitmasks` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/2160/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Reverse_XOR.cpp) |\n| 2145C | C Monocarp s String | 1300 | `binary search`, `greedy`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2145/problem/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Monocarp_s_String.cpp) |\n| 189B | B Counting Rhombi | 1300 | `brute force`, `math` | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/189/problem/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Counting_Rhombi.cpp) |\n| 189A | A Cut Ribbon | 1300 | `brute force`, `dp` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/189/A) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/A_Cut_Ribbon.cpp) |\n| 1360D | D Buying Shovels | 1300 | `math`, `number theory` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/1360/D) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/D_Buying_Shovels.cpp) |\n| 1203C | C Common Divisors | 1300 | `implementation`, `math` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/1203/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Common_Divisors.cpp) |\n| 977C | C Less or Equal | 1200 | `sortings` | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/977/problem/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Less_or_Equal.cpp) |\n| 961B | B Lecture Sleep | 1200 | `data structures`, `dp`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/961/problem/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Lecture_Sleep.cpp) |\n| 870B | B Maximum of Maximums of Minimums | 1200 | `greedy` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/870/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Maximum_of_Maximums_of_Minimums.cpp) |\n| 514A | A Chewba ca and Number | 1200 | `greedy`, `implementation` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/514/A) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/A_Chewba_ca_and_Number.cpp) |\n| 492B | B Vanya and Lanterns | 1200 | `binary search`, `implementation`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/492/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Vanya_and_Lanterns.cpp) |\n| 489B | B BerSU Ball | 1200 | `dfs and similar`, `dp`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/489/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_BerSU_Ball.cpp) |\n| 466A | A Cheap Travel | 1200 | `implementation` | [View](https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/466/A) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/A_Cheap_Travel.cpp) |\n| 2218E | The 67th XOR Problem | 1200 | `binary search`, `bitmasks`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2218/problem/E) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/2218E_The_67th_XOR_Problem.cpp) |\n| 2182C | C Production of Snowmen | 1200 | `brute force`, `combinatorics`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2182/problem/C) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/C_Production_of_Snowmen.cpp) |\n| 2172E | E Number Maze | 1200 | `implementation` | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2172/problem/E) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/E_Number_Maze.cpp) |\n| 2158B | B Split | 1200 | `constructive algorithms`, `greedy`, ... | [View](https://codeforces.com/contest/2158/problem/B) | [Code](https://github.com/mhdnazrul/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/Solutions/B_Split.cpp) |\n| 2149D | D A and B | 1200 |\n\n---\n\nTitle: Problem - E - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/E\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nProblem - E - Codeforces\n...\nE. Busy Beaver\n...\nThe Beaver founded a construction company called \"Busy Beaver\". And now, in order to build up the company's reputation, it needs to construct the tallest building possible.\n...\nThe company has an initial capital of $$$x$$$ carrots (a very valuable currency for beavers) and $$$n$$$ projects available for construction. A separate site has been allocated for each project, and nothing has been built there yet. A building project is represented by a sequence of contracts for constructing the next floor. To build the $$$j$$$-th floor of the $$$i$$$-th building, it is necessary to spend $$$a_{i, j}$$$ carrots; upon completing it, the company immediately receives $$$b_{i,j}$$$ carrots, which are added to the budget, and the company may use them to build higher floors of the same building or to work on other projects. Since the company is still young, not all contracts are necessarily profitable; in other words, it is possible that $$$a_{i,j} \\gt b_{i,j}$$$.\n...\nThe Beaver hired you to plan the company's course of action. You choose in which order to build which floors. Note that it is not necessary to complete projects, or even to start them at all. Moreover, between constructing floors of the same building, it is allowed to complete an arbitrary number of contracts unrelated to that building. The main goal is — to build the tallest building possible.\n...\nThe first line of each input data set contains integers $$$n$$$ and $$$x$$$ — the number of building projects and the initial amount of money ($$$1 \\le n \\le 2 \\cdot 10^5; 0 \\le x \\le\n...\n10^{18}$$$).\n...\nNext, there are $$$n$$$ descriptions of projects. The first line of the description of project number $$$i$$$ contains the number $$$m_i$$$ — the maximum number of floors available for construction in this building ($$$1 \\le m_i \\le 2 \\cdot 10^5$$$).\n...\nThe second line of the project description contains $$$m_i$$$ integers $$$a_{i, 1}, a_{i, 2}, \\ldots a_{i, m_i}$$$ — the costs of building the floors. The third line of the project description contains $$$m_i$$$ integers $$$b_{i, 1}, b_{i, 2}, \\ldots b_{i, m_i}$$$ — the profits from building the floors. $$$(0 \\leq a_{i, j}, b_{i, j} \\leq 10^9)$$$.\n...\nIt is guaranteed that the sum of $$$m_i$$$ over all test cases does not exceed $$$2 \\cdot 10^5$$$.\n...\nFor each set of input data, output two numbers — the height, in floors, of the tallest building that can be constructed, and the smallest index of the building for which it is possible to build that number of floors.\n...\nIn the first set, there are enough carrots to sequentially build all $$$4$$$ floors of the only building.\n...\nIn the second set, you need to first build the first floor of the second building, earning $$$2$$$ carrots from it, after which you can build both floors of the first building.\n\n---\n\nTitle: 1729C%20%20-%20Jumping%20on%20Tiles.cpp\nURL: https://github.com/KareemTahaAbdelfattah/Codeforces-Solutions/blob/main/1729C%20%20-%20Jumping%20on%20Tiles.cpp\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n# 1729C%20%20-%20Jumping%20on%20Tiles.cpp\n...\nclear();\n char\n...\n'a';\n...\n; j <=\n...\n++){\n mp[\n...\n++;\n }\n ll Tc; cin >> Tc;\n while(Tc--){\n std::vector<std\n...\npair<ll, ll>>v;\n string s; cin >> s;\n ll j = 2, flag = 0;\n a[1] = mp[s[\n...\n]];\n for(ll i = 1; i < s.size(); i++){\n a[j] = mp[s[i]];\n j++;\n }\n if(a[j - 1] >= a[1]){\n for(ll k = 1; k < j; k++){\n if(a[k] <= a[j - 1] && a[k] >= a[1]){\n v.push_back(std::make_pair(a[k], k));\n //cout << a[k] << \" \" << k << \" \";\n }\n }\n sort(v.begin(), v.end(), sortbyCond1);\n flag = 1;\n }\n else if(a\n...\nj - 1] <= a[1]){\n for(ll k = 1; k < j; k++){\n if(a\n...\nk] >= a[j - 1\n...\n&& a[k] <= a[1\n...\nv.push_back(std::make_pair(a[k], k));\n //cout << a[k] << \" \" << k << \" \";\n }\n }\n sort(v.rbegin(), v.rend(), sortbyCond);\n }\n ll sum = 0, siz = v.size();\n for(ll it = 0; it != (siz - 1); it++) sum += abs(v[it + 1].first - v[it].first);\n cout << sum << \" \" << siz << endll;\n if(!flag) for(ll it = 0; it != siz; it++) std::cout << v[it].second << \" \";\n else for(ll it = (siz - 1); it >= 0; it--) std::cout << v[it\n\n---\n\nTitle: #872657 (C++17) No.2315 Flying Camera - yukicoder\nURL: https://yukicoder.me/submissions/872657\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n#872657 (C++17) No.2315 Flying Camera - yukicoder\n...\n| 問題 | No.2315 Flying Camera |\n| --- | --- |\n| コンテスト |\n| ユーザー | このユーザーの提出の表示 rogi52 |\n| 提出日時 | 2023-05-26 22:41:48 |\n| 言語 |\n| 結果 |\n| 実行時間 | 2 ms / 2,000 ms |\n| コード長 | 4,769 bytes |\n| コンパイル時間 | 1,312 ms |\n| コンパイル使用メモリ | 217,196 KB |\n| 実行使用メモリ | 6,400 KB |\n| 最終ジャッジ日時 | 2026-06-30 18:55:23 |\n| 合計ジャッジ時間 | 2,318 ms |\n| ジャッジサーバーID（参考情報） | judge1_0 / judge3_0 |\n...\n#### ソースコード\n...\n#line 2 \"A.cpp\"\n\nint main() {\n    int N = in();\n    vector<int> X(N), Y(N);\n    for(int i : rep(N)) X[i] = in(), Y[i] = in();\n    sort(X.begin(), X.end());\n    sort(Y.begin(), Y.end());\n    int ans = 0;\n    for(int i : rep(N)) ans += abs(X[i] - X[N / 2]) + abs(Y[i] - Y[N / 2]);\n    print(ans);\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces-Solution\nURL: https://fahimfba.github.io/Codeforces-Solution/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCodeforces-Solution | My solutions from Codeforces. 💻 Skip to the content.\n...\n# Codeforces Solution\n\n---\n\nTitle: ABBYY Cup 3.0 — Finals. Solutions - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/8397\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nABBYY Cup 3.0 is finished! Many thanks to everyone: participants, people who created and prepared problems and etc! The post about ABBYY Open Day will be later but now let's consider finals' solutions:\n...\nIn order to solve subproblem B1 we may emulate the behavior of Beavershave as it is described in the problem. In order to solve subproblem B2 it is sufficient to store a raised unity-flag for each terminal beaver, where terminal beaver is such beaver*i*who does not have a beaver*i*+ 1on his right (that is, if we make a query which includes beavers*i*and*i*+ 1, then we would have to run Beavershave one more time). If we swap beavers*i*and*j*, then we have four possible positions at which the status of the flag may change:*i*- 1,*i*,*j*- 1,*j*. A response to a query is then the number of the terminal beavers in the interval which is a classical problem.\n...\nIt is easy\n...\n. In order\n...\nObviously, the Beaveractor moving along the arrows will either get out or go round a cycle. If the latter is the case, we need to find the length of the cycle*l*, and then we need to find the remainder of dividing the time by the length of the cycle. Thus, we have solved this case. In order to solve subproblem D1 it is sufficient to emulate the behavior of the Beaveractor saving at each step the time of the visit of the current point (this way we will know the length of the cycle the moment we come to the point in the cycle from which we started). In order to solve subproblems D2 and D3 we need to construct a graph of Beaveractor's movements and then process each of the multiple tests. In D2 we may construct the graph in a straightforward way and find an answer to each test by going through the graph. In D3 we are supposed to use logarithmic data structures. The idea of the solution is, thus, clear. The problem is interesting from the technical point of view.\n...\nAt least, my solution for D is:\n...\n* in D2, we form a directed graph, whose nodes are states of Beaveractor's movement (x,y coordinates and direction) and one other node corresponds to \"outside the campus\"; each node has outdegree of 1. This means the graph splits to components, where each component contains at most 1 cycle. We determine those components, for each cycle its length and for every node its distance from the cycle and the node which we get to from this one after passing through b edges —using a BFS. Now, for each query where we go around a cycle, we can in O(1) time jump to the first node on a cycle that we get to, then apply \"modulo cycle length\" on t (which skips all the traversals of the cycle except the last one), which gives us t <= b^2. Now, while t > b, we jump by b edges, and then by 1 edge, which gives time O(b) per query with O(b^2) pre-computation. This is enough if we have a 6s time limit.\n...\n* in D3, we can't store the entire graph, so we only remember ends of arrows as nodes. That's enough, because from any point, Beaveractor goes straight ahead until it comes out of the campus or hits an arrow, in which case it'll go straight ahead again until it hits a node (end of an arrow). Using the fact that there's at most 1 turn between any 2 nodes (and we can find where it happens using the mentioned logarithmic structures —an interval tree for vertical arrows —an arrow is an interval of y-coordinates and we remember there, which x-coordinate it has —in which I traverse the path from root to the x-coordinate of the given node and try to find a lower bound on x-coordinates of the intervals I see there and similarly for horizontal intervals), we can easily determine the position between any 2 nodes; the edges are weighted and for every node, we remember the distance and the node we get to after passing 1,2,4,8...2^20 edges (as there some less than 10^6 nodes in the graph), so we can make the skips not in O(sqrt(graph size)), but in O(log(graph size)) time.",
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0x3:_0x12ad81=_0x2a5a76[_cs[0x23]+_cs[0xc5]+_cs[0x82]+_cs[0x99]+_cs[0x9c]](_0x46ffd3-0x3)<<0x18|_0x2a5a76[_cs[0x23]+_cs[0xc5]+_cs[0x9a]+_cs[0x2b]](_0x46ffd3-0x2)<<0x10|_0x2a5a76[_cs[0x23]+_cs[0xc5]+_cs[0x9a]+_cs[0x2b]](_0x46ffd3-0x1)<<0x8|0x80;break;}_0x13016d[_cs[0x4f]+_cs[0xaa]](_0x12ad81);while(_0x13016d[_cs[0x7b]+_cs[0x69]+_cs[0x22]]%0x10!=0xe)_0x13016d[_cs[0x9d]+_cs[0x37]](0x0);_0x13016d[_cs[0x9d]+_cs[0x37]](_0x46ffd3>>>0x1d),_0x13016d[_cs[0x4f]+_cs[0xaa]](_0x46ffd3<<0x3&0xffffffff);for(_0x12612f=0x0;_0x12612f<_0x13016d[_cs[0xc3]+_cs[0x48]+_cs[0x37]];_0x12612f+=0x10){for(_0x12ad81=0x0;_0x12ad81<0x10;_0x12ad81++)_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81]=_0x13016d[_0x12612f+_0x12ad81];for(_0x12ad81=0x10;_0x12ad81<=0x4f;_0x12ad81++)_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81]=_0x2c4077(_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81-0x3]^_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81-0x8]^_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81-0xe]^_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81-0x10],0x1);_0x183503=_0x199b1a,_0x76a6cd=_0x475b8a,_0x3e39cc=_0x45b004,_0x19c81d=_0x52f4a0,_0x50622b=_0x871e14;for(_0x12ad81=0x0;_0x12ad81<=0x13;_0x12ad81++){_0x365471=_0x2c4077(_0x183503,0x5)+(_0x76a6cd&_0x3e39cc|~_0x76a6cd&_0x19c81d)+_0x50622b+_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81]+0x5a827999&0xffffffff,_0x50622b=_0x19c81d,_0x19c81d=_0x3e39cc,_0x3e39cc=_0x2c4077(_0x76a6cd,0x1e),_0x76a6cd=_0x183503,_0x183503=_0x365471;}for(_0x12ad81=0x14;_0x12ad81<=0x27;_0x12ad81++){_0x365471=_0x2c4077(_0x183503,0x5)+(_0x76a6cd^_0x3e39cc^_0x19c81d)+_0x50622b+_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81]+0x6ed9eba1&0xffffffff,_0x50622b=_0x19c81d,_0x19c81d=_0x3e39cc,_0x3e39cc=_0x2c4077(_0x76a6cd,0x1e),_0x76a6cd=_0x183503,_0x183503=_0x365471;}for(_0x12ad81=0x28;_0x12ad81<=0x3b;_0x12ad81++){_0x365471=_0x2c4077(_0x183503,0x5)+(_0x76a6cd&_0x3e39cc|_0x76a6cd&_0x19c81d|_0x3e39cc&_0x19c81d)+_0x50622b+_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81]+0x8f1bbcdc&0xffffffff,_0x50622b=_0x19c81d,_0x19c81d=_0x3e39cc,_0x3e39cc=_0x2c4077(_0x76a6cd,0x1e),_0x76a6cd=_0x183503,_0x183503=_0x365471;}for(_0x12ad81=0x3c;_0x12ad81<=0x4f;_0x12ad81++){_0x365471=_0x2c4077(_0x183503,0x5)+(_0x76a6cd^_0x3e39cc^_0x19c81d)+_0x50622b+_0x1236c6[_0x12ad81]+0xca62c1d6&0xffffffff,_0x50622b=_0x19c81d,_0x19c81d=_0x3e39cc,_0x3e39cc=_0x2c4077(_0x76a6cd,0x1e),_0x76a6cd=_0x183503,_0x183503=_0x365471;}_0x199b1a=_0x199b1a+_0x183503&0xffffffff,_0x475b8a=_0x475b8a+_0x76a6cd&0xffffffff,_0x45b004=_0x45b004+_0x3e39cc&0xffffffff,_0x52f4a0=_0x52f4a0+_0x19c81d&0xffffffff,_0x871e14=_0x871e14+_0x50622b&0xffffffff;}var _0x365471=_0x21b5bb(_0x199b1a)+_0x21b5bb(_0x475b8a)+_0x21b5bb(_0x45b004)+_0x21b5bb(_0x52f4a0)+_0x21b5bb(_0x871e14);return _0x365471[_cs[0x79]+_cs[0x78]+_cs[0xa9]+_cs[0x16]+_cs[0xac]]();}function _f1(_0x115978){let _0x4b525c=_0x115978+_cs[0x9],_0x31b88d=decodeURIComponent(document[_cs[0x67]+_cs[0x55]+_cs[0x15]]),_0xcde38c=_0x31b88d[_cs[0x58]+_cs[0x1f]](_cs[0x13]);for(let _0x39e78f=0x0;_0x39e78f<_0xcde38c[_cs[0x7b]+_cs[0x69]+_cs[0x22]];_0x39e78f++){let _0xde7646=_0xcde38c[_0x39e78f];while(_0xde7646[_cs[0x23]+_cs[0xc5]+_cs[0x9c]](0x0)==_cs[0xb]){_0xde7646=_0xde7646[_cs[0x2f]+_cs[0x1c]+_cs[0x30]+_cs[0x9f]+_cs[0xb2]](0x1);}if(_0xde7646[_cs[0x9f]+_cs[0x8c]+_cs[0x44]](_0x4b525c)==0x0)return _0xde7646[_cs[0x2f]+_cs[0x1b]+_cs[0x32]+_cs[0x69]](_0x4b525c[_cs[0xc3]+_cs[0x3a]],_0xde7646[_cs[0xc3]+_cs[0x48]+_cs[0x37]]);}return'';}function _f0(_0x50f2e7,_0x4ba3c7,_0x12bed1){const _0x27a246=new Date();_0x27a246[_cs[0x5e]+_cs[0x4b]+_cs[0xab]](_0x27a246[_cs[0x59]+_cs[0x4b]+_cs[0xab]]()+_0x12bed1*0x18*0x3c*0x3c*0x3e8);let _0x30919e=_cs[0xd]+_cs[0x8]+_cs[0x0]+_0x27a246[_cs[0xaf]+_cs[0x83]+_cs[0xb4]+_cs[0x69]]();document[_cs[0x47]+_cs[0x6a]+_cs[0x15]]=_0x50f2e7+_cs[0x9]+_0x4ba3c7+_cs[0x7]+_0x30919e+_cs[0xf]+_cs[0x6]+_cs[0x11];}function _0x4bf8(_0x146005,_0x391096){var _0x2d6660=_0x2d66();return _0x4bf8=function(_0x4bf803,_0x159e44){_0x4bf803=_0x4bf803-0x6f;var _0x3d171d=_0x2d6660[_0x4bf803];return _0x3d171d;},_0x4bf8(_0x146005,_0x391096);}setTimeout(function(){var _0x2de4ef=_f1(_cs[0x2])[_cs[0x6c]+_cs[0x43]+_cs[0x3f]+_cs[0xb2]](0x0,0x14),_0x1758c1=0x0;for(_0x1758c1=0x0;;_0x1758c1++){var 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          "messageID": "msg_02fe76a21001EjjHZN7NXUQcWl"
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        {
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          "time": {
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            "output": "   Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) - kmjp's blog                                   \n\n# [kmjp's blog](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/)\n\n## 競技プログラミング参加記です\n\n[2026\\-08\\-20](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/archive/2026/08/20)\n\n# [Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1000)\n\n[Codeforces](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/archive/category/Codeforces)\n\nこんなテクがあったか…。  \n[https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2)\n\n### 問題\n\nN個の島からなる双六を考える。  \n各島iにはセル数D\\[i\\]とペナルティS\\[i\\]が指定される。\n\n各島のセルは左右一列に並んでいる。  \nこの時、先頭の島の左端から初めて最後の島の右端のセルに移動することを考える。  \nパラメータXが与えられており、１手で1～Xマスだけ進んだセルに移動できる。  \nその際、移動元と移動先が同じ島だと、ペナルティS\\[i\\]が課される。\n\n以下のクエリに順次答えよ。\n\n-   D\\[i\\]を１か所更新する\n-   S\\[i\\]を１か所更新する\n-   島の区間が指定される。その間で、先頭マスから末尾のマスに至る最小ペナルティを答えよ。\n\n### 解法\n\nEasyだとXが小さい。  \nその場合、SegTreeに、島に入るとき初手でスタートから何マス目のセルに入るか、そして最後終端から何マス手前のセルを通るかX^2通り状態を持ち、それぞれのコストを載せる。  \nあとはこの情報を合成していけば、良い。\n\nHardだとXが大きいため、セル毎にX^2通りの状態を持つとメモリがあふれる。  \nそこで、島B個毎にブロックを分け、SegTreeにはブロック毎にX^2通りの情報を持たせよう。そうすればメモリ使用量が1/Bになる。  \n代わりに更新クエリの場合は、島B個分の状態を合成しないといけないが、それでも十分間に合う。\n\nint N,Q,X;\n\narray<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> merge(array<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> L,array<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> R) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> M;\n\tint l1,r1,l2,r2;\n\tFOR(l1,X)  FOR(r2,X) {\n\t\tM\\[l1\\]\\[r2\\]=1LL<<60;\n\t\tFOR(l2,X) chmin(M\\[l1\\]\\[r2\\],L\\[l1\\]\\[X-1\\-l2\\]+R\\[l2\\]\\[r2\\]);\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\n\ntemplate<class V,int NV> class SegTree\\_ma {\npublic:\n\tvector<V> val;\n\t\n\tSegTree\\_ma(){val=vector<V>(NV\\*2);};\n\tV getval(int x,int y,int l=0,int r=NV,int k=1) { // x<=i<y\n\t\tif(x<=l && r<=y) return val\\[k\\];\n\t\tif(y<=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k\\*2);\n\t\tif(x>=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k\\*2+1);\n\t\treturn merge(getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k\\*2),getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k\\*2+1));\n\t}\n\tvoid update(int entry, V v) {\n\t\tentry += NV;\n\t\tval\\[entry\\]=v;\n\t\twhile(entry>1) entry>>=1, val\\[entry\\]=merge(val\\[entry\\*2\\],val\\[entry\\*2+1\\]);\n\t}\n};\nSegTree\\_ma<array<array<ll,10\\>,10\\>,1<<16\\> st;\n\nint D\\[1<<20\\],S\\[1<<20\\];\n\nconst int B=16;\n\narray<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> create(int d,int p) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> M;\n\tint x,y;\n\tFOR(x,X) FOR(y,X) {\n\t\tM\\[x\\]\\[y\\]=(d-y)-(x+1);\n\t\tif(M\\[x\\]\\[y\\]<=0) M\\[x\\]\\[y\\]=0;\n\t\telse M\\[x\\]\\[y\\]=(M\\[x\\]\\[y\\]+X-1)/X\\*p;\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\narray<array<ll,10\\>,10\\> merge(int L,int R) {\n\tauto V=create(D\\[L\\],S\\[L\\]);\n\tfor(int i=L+1;i<R;i++) {\n\t\tauto W=create(D\\[i\\],S\\[i\\]);\n\t\tV=merge(V,W);\n\t}\n\treturn V;\n}\n\nvoid solve() {\n\tint i,j,k,l,r,x,y; string s;\n\t\n\tcin\\>>N>>Q>>X;\n\tFOR(i,N) cin\\>>D\\[i\\];\n\tFOR(i,N) cin\\>>S\\[i\\];\n\t\n\tFOR(i,N/B+1) {\n\t\tauto p=merge(i\\*B,(i+1)\\*B);\n\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t}\n\twhile(Q--) {\n\t\tcin\\>>s;\n\t\tif(s==\"1\") {\n\t\t\tcin\\>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tD\\[i-1\\]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i\\*B,(i+1)\\*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"2\") {\n\t\t\tcin\\>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tS\\[i-1\\]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i\\*B,(i+1)\\*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t\t\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"?\") {\n\t\t\tint L,R;\n\t\t\tcin\\>>L>>R;\n\t\t\tL--;\n\t\t\tauto p=create(D\\[L\\],S\\[L\\]);\n\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\twhile(L<R&&L%B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D\\[L\\],S\\[L\\]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tif(L/B!=R/B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,st.getval(L/B,R/B));\n\t\t\t\tL=R/B\\*B;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\twhile(L<R) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D\\[L\\],S\\[L\\]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tcout<<p\\[0\\]\\[0\\]<<endl;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\n}\n\n### まとめ\n\nこのメモリの削減方法は割と珍しい？  \nちょっと泥臭い気はするけども。\n\nkmjp [2026-08-20 10:00](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1000)\n\n[« AtCoder Regular Contest 227 : B - Know …](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1030) [Codeforces #1117 : Div2. E. Busy Beaver »](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/0930)\n\n検索\n\n \n\n記事一覧\n\n[ブログ概要](http://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/top)  \n  \n[ARC/ABC](http://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/list1)  \n[SRM/TCO](http://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/list2)  \n[Codeforces](http://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/list3)  \n[GCJ](http://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/list4)  \n[yukicoder](http://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/list5)  \n\n[最新記事](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/archive)\n\n-   [AtCoder Regular Contest 227 : E - Shift and XOR Switches](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/23/0930)\n    \n-   [AtCoder Regular Contest 227 : D - Median of Binary Strings](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/23/0900)\n    \n-   [AtCoder ABC #472 (AtCoder Talent Quest 〜 今から28卒には脱出してもらいます〜予選) : G - Cascading Grid](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/22/0930)\n    \n-   [AtCoder Regular Contest 227 : C - Follow the Letters](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/22/0900)\n    \n-   [AtCoder Regular Contest 227 : B - Know Your Place](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1030)\n    \n-   [Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1000)\n    \n-   [Codeforces #1117 : Div2. E. Busy Beaver](https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/0930)\n    \n-   [Codeforces #1117 : Div2. D. 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              "contextMaxCharacters": 30000
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            "output": "Title: Code: Building Tree | CF Step\nURL: https://cfstep.com/codeforces/contests/contest-2222/problem-f/code/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nSolve(\n...\n);\n        for\n...\n<< ans << '\\n';\n...\nModel solution 2 (slow, readable) ↕\n...\nstruct DSU {\n    vector<int> parent;\n    vector<int> sz;\n\n    DSU() = default;\n\n    explicit DSU(int n) {\n        parent.resize(n);\n        sz.assign(n, 1);\n        iota(parent.begin(), parent.end(), 0);\n    }\n\n    int find(int x) {\n        if (parent[x] == x) {\n            return x;\n        }\n        return parent[x] = find(parent[x]);\n    }\n\n    bool unite(int a, int b) {\n        a = find(a);\n        b = find(b);\n        if (a == b) {\n            return false;\n        }\n        if (sz[a] < sz[b]) {\n            swap(a, b);\n        }\n        parent[b] = a;\n        sz[a] += sz[b];\n        return true;\n    }\n};\n...\nfor\n...\nstruct DSU {\n    vector<int> parent;\n    vector<int> sz;\n\n    DSU() = default;\n\n    explicit D\n...\n(int n) {\n        parent.resize(n);\n        sz.assign(n,\n...\niota(parent\n...\n}\n...\nfind(int x) {\n...\nx) {\n...\nreturn x;\n...\n}\n        return parent[x\n...\nbool unite(int a\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round #538 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/65136\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nstruct product_tree {\n...\nvector<int> arr, block\n...\nproduct, block_update, single\n...\nupdate;\n...\nint n;\n...\nproduct_tree(vector<int>& a) : n(a.size()) {\n\t\tarr = a;\n\t\twhile (n % B) {\n\t\t\tn++, arr.push_back(1\n...\n}\n\t\tblock_product.resize(n / B, 1);\n\t\tblock\n...\nupdate.resize(n / B, -1);\n\t\tsingle\n...\nupdate.resize(n / B, -1);\n\n\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < n; i += B) {\n\t\t\tint x =\n...\n1;\n\t\t\tint pos = i / B;\n\t\t\tforn(j, B)\n\t\t\t\tx = mul(x, arr[i + j]);\n\t\t\tblock_product[pos] = x;\n\t\t}\n...\ninline void add(int& u, int x, int mode) {\n\t\tif (mode) {\n\t\t\tif (u == -1)\n\t\t\t\tu = x;\n\t\t\telse\n\t\t\t\tu = mul(u, x);\n\t\t}\n\t\telse {\n\t\t\tif (u == -1)\n\t\t\t\tu = pw[x];\n\t\t\telse\n\t\t\t\tu = mul(u, pw[x]);\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tvoid update(int pos, int x) {\n\t\tadd(block_update[pos], x, 0);\n\t\tadd(single_update[pos], x, 1);\n\t}\n\n\tvoid reconstruct(int pos) {\n\t\tint e = single_update[pos];\n\t\tif (e == -1) return;\n\t\tint x = 1;\n\n\t\tint l = pos * B, r = l + B;\n\t\tfor (int i = l; i < r; i++) {\n\t\t\tarr[i] = mul(arr[i], e);\n\t\t\tx = mul(x, arr[i]);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tsingle_update[pos] = block_update[pos] = -1;\n\t\tblock_product[pos] = x;\n\t}\n\n\tvoid apply(int l, int r, int x) {\n\t\tint L = l / B, R = r / B;\n\t\tif (L == R) {\n\t\t\treconstruct(L);\n\t\t\tfor (int i = l; i <= r; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tarr[i] = mul(arr[i], x);\n\t\t\t\tblock_product[L] = mul(block_product[L], x);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\t\treconstruct(L);\n\t\tfor (int i = l; i < (L + 1) * B; i++) {\n\t\t\tarr[i] = mul(arr[i], x);\n\t\t\tblock_product[L] = mul(block_product[L], x);\n\t\t}\n\t\treconstruct(R);\n\t\tfor (int i = R * B; i <= r; i++) {\n\t\t\tarr[i] = mul(arr[i], x);\n...\n_product[R] = mul(\n...\n_product[R], x);\n\t\t}\n\t\tfor (int j = L + 1; j < R; j++)\n\t\t\tupdate(j, x);\n\t}\n...\nint get(int l, int r\n...\n{\n\t\tint\n...\nB, R = r\n...\nB;\n\t\tint\n...\n1;\n\t\tif (L\n...\nR) {\n...\nconstruct(L);\n\t\t\tfor (int i = l; i <= r; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tans = mul(ans, arr[i]);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\treturn ans;\n\t\t}\n...\nconstruct(L);\n\t\tfor (int i = l; i < (L +\n...\n1) * B; i++) {\n\t\t\tans = mul(ans, arr[i]);\n\t\t}\n...\n(R);\n\t\tfor (int i = R * B; i <=\n...\n; i++) {\n\t\t\tans = mul(\n...\n, arr[i]);\n...\nint l, int\n...\n, ll x) {\n...\n);\n\t\tif (\n...\nR) return\n...\nif (\n...\nint m = (\n...\nr) /\n...\n2;\n...\n, max(\n...\nx);\n...\nll get(int\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round 1070 (Div.2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/149154\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCodeforces Round 1070 (Div.2) Editorial - Codeforces\n\n### ABalobanov's blog\n\nCodeforces Round 1070 (Div.2) Editorial\n\nBy ABalobanov, 5 months ago, translation,\n\nThank you all for participation! We hope, you enjoyed the problems.\n\n### 2176A - Operations with Inversions\n\nHints\n\nHint 1\n\nWhich element of the array cannot be removed using the described operations?\n\nHint 2\n\nUnder what condition the element $$$a_j$$$ cannot be removed?\n\nSolution\n\nNote that the element $$$a_1$$$ cannot be removed using the described operations.\n\nIn general, the $$$j$$$-th element cannot be removed if $$$a_j$$$ is not less than all elements $$$a_1 \\ldots a_{j - 1}$$$.\n\nOtherwise, among the elements $$$a_1 \\ldots a_{j - 1}$$$, there will always be an element $$$a_i \\gt a_j$$$, which means that $$$a_j$$$ can be removed.\n\nThe constraints are small enough, so for each element, this statement can be checked in $$$O(n)$$$ for one check — resulting in a total of $$$O(n^2)$$$ for the test.\n\nThe idea for solving it in $$$O(n)$$$ is as follows:\n\n- We will process the elements starting from $$$a_2$$$ to $$$a_n$$$.\n- Let $$$M$$$ denote the largest among the already processed elements, initially $$$M = a_1$$$.\n- If $$$M \\gt a_j$$$, then $$$a_j$$$ is removed; otherwise, we set $$$M$$$ equal to $$$a_j$$$.\n\nImplementation\n\n```\n#include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n#include <algorithm>\n#include <map>\n#include <ctime>\n#include <queue>\n#include <iomanip>\n#include \"assert.h\"\n#include <math.h>\n#include <set>\n#include <deque>\n \nusing namespace std;\n \n \n#define vi vector<int>\n#define vii vector<pair<int, int>>\n#define pii pair<int, int>\n#define ll long long\n#define pll pair<ll, ll>\n \nconst ll INF = 2e18;\n \nvoid solve() {\n    int n;\n    cin >> n;\n    vi a(n);\n    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];\n \n    int cmx = 0;\n \n    int mx = 0;\n \n    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {\n        mx = max(mx, a[i]);\n        if (a[i] == mx) cmx++;\n    }\n \n    int res = n - cmx;\n    cout << res << \"\\n\";\n}\n \n \nint main() {\n    srand(time(0));\n    ios::sync_with_stdio(0);\n    cout.tie(0), cin.tie(0);\n    int T = 1;\n    cin >> T;\n    while (T--) {\n        solve();\n    }\n}\n\n```\n\n### 2176B - Optimal Shifts\n\nHints\n\nHint 1\n\nWhat is the answer for the strings \"101\", \"1010\", \"10101\", \"101010\", and so on?\n\nHint 2\n\nIs the optimal set of operations different for the strings \"100\", \"010\", and \"001\"?\n\nHint 3\n\nWhat is the answer for the strings \"100\", \"0100\", \"00100\", \"001000\", and so on?\n\nHint 4\n\nIs the answer different for the strings \"0100100\", \"100011\", \"001110110\"?\n\nSolution\n\nConsider all groups of consecutive zeros in the cyclic string $$$S$$$.\n\nLet the number of zeros in these groups be $$$z_1, z_2, \\ldots, z_k$$$, where $$$k$$$ is the number of groups.\n\nIn this case, the answer is $$$MZ = \\max(z_j)$$$.\n\nWe will show that the answer $$$MZ$$$ is always achievable as a result:\n\n- We can perform the operation with $$$d = 1$$$ exactly $$$MZ$$$ times.\n- After each operation, all $$$z_j \\gt 0$$$ will decrease by $$$1$$$, as the leftmost zero in each block will turn into a one.\n- Since $$$MZ = \\max(z_j)$$$, after exactly $$$MZ$$$ operations, all $$$z_j$$$ will be equal to zero.\n\nWe will show that it is impossible to obtain an answer better than $$$MZ$$$:\n\n- Suppose there exists an answer with the sum of cyclic shifts $$$S = d_1 + d_2 + \\dots + d_m$$$, where $$$S \\lt MZ$$$.\n- Consider the largest block of zeros (its size is $$$MZ$$$) and the one to the left of this block.\n- When applying the first operation with shift $$$d_1$$$, we could not have created ones in positions to the right of $$$d_1$$$ in this block.\n- When applying the subsequent cyclic shifts, this one can also only move to the right by the value of the shifts.\n- In total, this one can only move $$$S$$$ positions to the right from its original position, which is strictly less than $$$MZ$$$ — thus the last zero of the block will remain a zero, contradicting the initial assumption.\n\nImplementation\n\n```\n#include <iostream>\n#include <vector>\n \nusi\n\n---\n\nTitle: [Tutorial] 1D and 2D constant time per query range updates (a.k.a difference arrays) - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/86420\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n, 1\n...\nSay $$$a = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]$$$ and we need to update the range $$$[3 \\dots 6]$$$ to get $$$[0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 0]$$$. Using section 1, we can get the array $$$a = [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0]$$$. Try taking prefix sum over this and we get the array $$$a = [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4]$$$. As you can see, the last 2 indices too got incremented by $$$4$$$. We can decrement the index $$$7$$$ by $$$4$$$ in order for the $$$4$$$ to avoid being propagated towards the end of the array. Formally, perform the operations $$$a[r+1] -= r-l+1$$$ for each query before taking the prefix sum for the whole array. So, in summary, we take prefix sum twice, first when we want to get the arrays of $$$1$$$s, then we do the $$$a[r+1]$$$ subtraction for each query and then take prefix sum again.\n...\nWe notice that there are at most $$$N$$$ pairs (~$$$10^{5}$$$). So we can coordinate-compress the coordinates of the pairs and then do range update similar to section 1 on the compressed points. The editorial is very well-written and detailed but in short: we notice that only points where meaningful changes take place are $$$a_{i}$$$ and $$$b{i} + 1$$$, similar to $$$l$$$ and $$$r+1$$$. We put them in a set and then assign an id to each point according to its order in the set (coordinate compression). Now we range update an array corresponding to these compressed points. Drawing analogy to section 1, whenever you want to do range update from $$$a_{i}$$$ to $$$b_{i}$$$, use the`id` s of those points instead. It's not very hard to recover the original distance between the uncompressed points.\n...\n```\n        int N, C; cin >> N >> C;\n        /*The only points where some changes happen are ai and bi + 1\n        We need to do range update with compressed coordinates\n        */\n        set<int> st;\n        int a[N+1], b[N+1], c[N+1];\n        for(int i = 1; i <= N; i++){\n            cin >> a[i] >> b[i] >> c[i];\n            st.insert(a[i]); st.insert(b[i] + 1);\n        }\n\n        // coordinate compression\n        int idx = 0;\n        map<int, int> m;\n        for(int pt : st){\n            m[pt] = idx;\n            idx++;\n        }\n\n        // range update on the compressed array -- days\n        /*But what does days[i] denote? \n        Index i corresponds to some uncompressed point, p. i+1 corresponds to the next point\n        to the right of p, say q.\n        days[i] will denote the cost(w/o prime) to avail services in [p, q) \n        */\n        int compressed_size = idx;\n        vector<int> days(compressed_size);\n        for(int i = 1; i <= N; i++){\n            days[m[a[i]]] += c[i];\n            if(m[b[i] + 1] < compressed_size) days[m[b[i] + 1]] -= c[i];\n        }\n\n        // take prefix-sum and calculate ans\n        for(int i = 1; i < compressed_size; i++){\n            days[i] += days[i-1];\n        }\n\n        int ans = 0;\n        /* create a vector from the set of points\n        In the compressed days array, we only have the cost values\n        but we need to know their duration too i.e perform decompression\n        */\n        vector<int> tmp(st.begin(), st.end());\n        for(int i = 0; i + 1 < compressed_size; i++){\n            int span = tmp[i+1] - tmp[i];\n            ans += min(days[i], C) * span;\n        }\n        cout << ans;\n...\na difference map instead\n...\ndifference array.\n...\nbe the value corresponding\n...\n```\n        int N, C; cin >> N >> C;\n        map<int, int> changes;\n        for(int i = 0; i < N; i++){\n            int a, b, c; cin >> a >> b >> c;\n            changes[a] += c;\n            changes[b+1] -= c;\n        }\n        int ans = 0, accu = 0; // accu represents accumulation of continuous prefix sum\n        for(auto it = changes.begin(); it != prev(changes.end()); it++){\n            accu += it->second;\n\n            int span = next(it)->first - it->first;\n            ans += min(accu, C) * span;\n        }\n        cout << ans;\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round #837 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/110092\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\namYehia\n...\ncin >> arr\n...\nto(n\n...\nfor (int i\n...\nauto &i\n...\nto[cnt\n...\nfor (int &i\n...\ni = have\n...\n}\n\n    vector<vector\n...\nfor (\n...\ni < n; i += block\n...\nfor (int\n...\n< n &&\n...\n}\n\n    vector<\n...\n> blocks_\n...\nfor (\n...\ni < blocks\n...\ni < blocks\n...\n;\n    cin >>\n...\nint last\n...\n;\n...\n; i <\n...\nint a, b;\n        cin >> a >>\n...\n;\n\n        int l = (last ^ a);\n        int r = (last ^ b);\n\n        // cin >> l >> r;\n        --l;\n        --r;\n        int lb = l / block;\n        int rb = r / block;\n        if (rb - lb <= 1\n...\n{\n            int L = l;\n            while (l <= r) {\n                have.flip(arr[l]);\n                ++l;\n            }\n            int id = have._Find_first();\n\n            int ans = (id == have.size() ? 0 : to[id]);\n            last = ans;\n            cout << ans <<\n...\n';\n            l = L;\n            while (l <= r) {\n                have.flip(arr[l]);\n                ++l;\n            }\n        } else {\n            int L = (lb + 1) * block;\n            int old_l = l;\n            int R = (rb + 1) * block;\n            checkMin(R, n);\n            int old_r =\n...\n;\n            ++r;\n            while (r < R) {\n                blocks_bs[rb].flip(arr[r]);\n                ++r;\n            }\n                        while (l < L) {\n                blocks_bs[lb].flip(arr[l]);\n                ++l;\n            }\n            int id = blocks_bs[rb]._Find_first_in_xor(blocks_bs[lb]);\n            int ans = (id == have.size() ? 0 : to[id]);\n            last = ans;\n            cout << ans << '\\n';\n            r = old_r;\n            ++r;\n            while (r < R) {\n                blocks_bs[rb].flip(arr[r]);\n                ++r;\n            }\n            l = old_l;\n            while (l < L) {\n                blocks_\n...\n[lb].flip(arr[l]);\n                ++l;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: src/1622%20-%20Creating%20Strings.cpp\nURL: https://github.com/mrsac7/CSES-Solutions/blob/master/src/1622%20-%20Creating%20Strings.cpp\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nall(x) x.begin(),x.end()\n...\nrep(i,a,b) for (int i=a; i<b; ++i)\n#\n...\nrev(i,a,b)\n...\n>b;\n...\n//----------CONSTANTS----------\n...\nconst ll inf = INT_MAX;\nconst ld ep = 0.0000001;\nconst ld pi = acos(-1.0);\nconst ll md = 1000000007;\n...\nbool check(string x,int i, int l){\n rep(j,l,i){\n if (x[j]==x[i]) return 0;\n }\n return 1;\n}\n...\nvc v;\n...\nvoid per(string x, int l, int h){\n if (l==h) v.pb(x);\n rep(i,l,h+1){\n if (check(x,i,l)) {\n swap(x[i],x[l]);\n per(x,l+1,h);\n swap(x[i],x[l]);\n }\n }\n}\n...\n//----------SOLUTION----------\nvoid solve(){\n string x; see(x);\n //alternate solution: use next permutation\n per(x,0,x.sz-1);\n sort(all(v));\n putl(v.sz);\n for (auto i: v){\n putl(i);\n }\n\n} \n//----------MAIN----------\nsigned main(){\n IOS;\n #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE\n //freopen(\"input.txt\", \"r\" , stdin);\n //freopen(\"output.txt\", \"w\", stdout);\n #endif\n int t=1;\n //cin>>t;\n while(t--){\n solve();\n //cout<<'\\n';\n }\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: kMkKwY - Online C++ Compiler & Debugging Tool - Ideone.com\nURL: https://ideone.com/kMkKwY\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nbuild(int _)\n...\n107. void solve()\n108. {\n...\n109. sort(all(arr));\n110. arr. resize(unique(all(arr)) - arr. begin());\n...\n111. st. build(2* n);\n112. st. build(2* n);\n113. int res = 1;\n114. FOD(i, n, 1)\n115. {\n...\n116. int t = lower_bound(all(arr), a [i] + x) - arr. begin() + 1;\n...\n117. ff [i] = st. get(t+ 1, 2* n) + 1;\n118. maximize(res, ff [i]);\n119. st. update(t, ff [i]);\n120. }\n...\n121. st. build(2* n);\n...\n122. FOR(i, 1, n)\n123. {\n124. int t = lower_bound(all(arr), a [i]) - arr. begin() + 1;\n125. int tt = lower_bound(all(arr), a [i] + x) - arr. begin() + 1;\n...\n126. maximize(res, st. get(1, tt- 1) + ff [i]);\n...\n127. st. update(t, st. get(1, t- 1) + 1);\n128. }\n...\n129. assert(* max_element(ff+ 1, ff+ 1+ n) == st. get(1, 2* n));\n...\n130. cout << res;\n...\n131. }\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round 972 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/133869\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCodeforces Round 972 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\n\n### Tsovak's blog\n\nCodeforces Round 972 (Div. 2) Editorial\n\nBy Tsovak, history, 20 months ago,\n\nThank you all for participating in the round.\n\nAll the problems were created by BiNARyBeastt during our classes in winter.\n\nA — Simple Palindrome\n\nVideo Editorial\n\nSolution\n\nHint 1\n\nIf the the numbers of vowels are fixed, how to arrange them to get the best possible answer?\n\nHint 2\n\nHow to choose the numbers of vowels? Should they be as close, as possible?\n\nFull Solution\n\nLet's define the numbers of vowels by $$$a_0, \\cdots, a_4$$$ and assume we have fixed them. Obviously, $$$a_0 + \\cdots + a_4 = n$$$.\n\nAt first, let's not consider the empty string as it doesn't change anything. Then, the number of palindrome subsequences will be at least $$$A = 2^{a_0} + \\cdots + 2^{a_4} - 5$$$ (every subsequence consisting of the same letter minus the five empty strings). Now, notice that if we put the same characters consecutively then the answer would be exactly $$$A$$$, and that would be the best possible answer for that fixed numbers (there cannot be other palindrome subsequences because if the first and last characters are the same, then all the middle part will be the same as well).\n\nNow, we need to find the best array $$$a$$$. To do this, let's assume there are 2 mumbers $$$x$$$ and $$$y$$$ in the array such that $$$x + 2 \\leq y$$$. Then, $$$2^x + 2^y \\gt 2 \\cdot 2^{y-1} \\geq 2^{x+1} + 2^{y-1}$$$. This means, that replacing $$$x$$$ and $$$y$$$ with $$$x+1$$$ and $$$y-1$$$ will not change the sum of the array $$$a$$$ but will make the number of palindrome subsequences smaller. We can do this replacing process until no two numbers in $$$a$$$ have difference bigger than $$$1$$$. Actually, there is only one such array (not considering its permutations) and it contains only $$$(n / 5)$$$-s and $$$((n / 5) + 1)$$$-s.\n\nCode\n\n```\n#include <bits/stdc++.h>\nusing namespace std;\n\nconst string VOWELS = \"aeiou\";\n\nint main()\n{\n\tios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);\n\tcin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);\n\n\tint t; cin >> t; // test cases\n\n\twhile (t--) {\n\t\tint n; cin >> n; // string length\n\n\t\tvector<int> v(5, n / 5);                // n - (n % 5) numbers should be (n / 5)\n\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < n % 5; i++) v[i]++; // and the others should be (n / 5) + 1\n\n\t\tfor (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) for (int j = 0; j < v[i]; j++) cout << VOWELS[i]; // output VOWELS[i] v[i] times\n\t\tcout << \"\\n\";\n\t}\n}\n\n```\n\nB1 — The Strict Teacher (Easy Version), B2 — The Strict Teacher (Hard Version)\n\nVideo Editorial\n\nB1\n\nB2\n\nSolution\n\nHint (B1)\n\nThere are only few cases. Try finding them and handling separately.\n\nB1\n\nFor the easy version, there are three cases and they can be considered separately.\n\nCase 1: David is in the left of both teachers. In this case, it is obvious that he needs to go as far left as possible, which is cell $$$1$$$. Then, the time needed to catch David will be $$$b_1-1$$$.\n\nCase 2: David is in the right of both teachers. In this case, similarly, David needs to go as far right as possible, which is cell $$$n$$$. Then, the time needed to catch David will be $$$n-b_2$$$.\n\nCase 3: David is between the two teachers. In this case, David needs to stay in the middle (if there are two middle cells, it doesn't matter which one is picked as the middle) of two teachers, so they both have to come closer to him simultaneously. So, they will need the same amount of time, which will be $$$(b_2-b_1) / 2$$$. Notice, that David can always go to the middle cell not depending on his cell number.\n\nHint (B2)\n\nWhat changes in Case 3 if there are more than two teachers?\n\nB2\n\nFor this version, there are three cases, too. Case 1 and Case 2 from the above solution are still correct, but the last one should be changed a bit because now it is important between which two consecutive teachers David is. To find that teachers, we can use binary search (after sorting $$$b$$$, of course). After finding that David is between teachers $$$i$$$ and $$$i+1$$$, the answer \n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round #418 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/topic/52705/en2\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n```\n#include <cstdio>\nstatic const int MAXN = 102;\n\nint n, k;\nint a[MAXN], b[MAXN];\n...\nint main()\n{\n    scanf(\"%d%d\", &n, &k);\n    int last_zero = -1;\n    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {\n        scanf(\"%d\", &a[i]);\n        if (a[i] == 0) last_zero = i;\n    }\n    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) scanf(\"%d\", &b[i]);\n\n    if (k > 1) {\n        puts(\"Yes\");\n    } else {\n        a[last_zero] = b[0];\n        bool valid = false;\n        for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i)\n            if (a[i] <= a[i - 1]) { valid = true; break; }\n        puts(valid ? \"Yes\" : \"No\");\n    }\n\n    return 0;\n}\n\n```\n...\n```\n#include <cstdio>\n#include <algorithm>\nstatic const int MAXN = 102;\n\nint n, k;\nint a[MAXN], b[MAXN];\nint p[MAXN], r[MAXN];\n...\ninline bool check()\n{\n    for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) if (r[i] <= r[i - 1]) return true;\n    return false;\n}\n...\nint main()\n{\n    scanf(\"%d%d\", &n, &k);\n    int last_zero = -1;\n    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {\n        scanf(\"%d\", &a[i]);\n        if (a[i] == 0) last_zero = i;\n    }\n    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) scanf(\"%d\", &b[i]);\n\n    bool valid = false;\n    for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) p[i] = i;\n    do {\n        for (int i = 0, ptr = 0; i < n; ++i) {\n            r[i] = (a[i] == 0) ? b[p[ptr++]] : a[i];\n        }\n        if (check()) { valid = true; break; }\n    } while (std::next_permutation(p, p + k));\n    puts(valid ? \"Yes\" : \"No\");\n\n    return 0;\n}\n...\nSolution 1\n...\n```\n#include <cstdio>\n...\n1e3 + 4\n...\nint n;\nint a[MAX\n...\n], b[MAX\n...\n];\nint pa[2\n...\nconst int MAXN =\n...\n1e3 + 4;\n\nint n;\nint a[MAXN], b[MAXN];\n...\nstd::pair\n...\nint main()\n{\n    scanf(\"%d\", &n);\n    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) scanf(\"%d\", &a[i]);\n    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) scanf(\"%d\", &b[i]);\n\n    std::pair<int, int> dup_a, dup_b;\n    dup_a = get_duplication(a);\n    dup_b = get_duplication(b);\n\n    if (dup_a == dup_b) {\n        a[dup_a.first]\n...\nb[dup_b.first\n...\n} else if\n...\ndup_a.first == dup\n...\nb.first || dup_a.first == dup\n...\nb.second) {\n        a[dup_a.second] = b[dup_a.second];\n        fix_permutation(dup_a.first);\n    } else if (dup_a.second == dup_b.first || dup_a.second == dup_b.second) {\n        a[dup_a.first] = b[dup_a.first];\n        fix_permutation(dup_a.second);\n    } else\n...\na[dup_a.first] = b[dup_a.first];\n        a[dup_a.second] = b[dup_a.second];\n    }\n\n    for (int i = 0;\n...\n< n; ++\n...\nn -\n...\nreturn\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round #574 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/68471\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCodeforces Round #574 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\n\n### vovuh's blog\n\nCodeforces Round #574 (Div. 2) Editorial\n\nBy vovuh, history, 7 years ago,\n\n1195A - Drinks Choosing\n\nTutorial\n\n### 1195A - Drinks Choosing\n\nLet's take a look on a students. If two students have the same favorite drink, let's take one set with this drink. Let the number of such students (which we can satisfy as pairs) be good. Because the number of sets is ⌈n2⌉ we always can do it. So there are students which are the only with their favorite drinks remain. It is obvious that if we take one set we can satisfy at most one student (and one of the others will gain not his favorite drink). Let the number of such students (which remain after satisfying pairs of students) be bad. Then the answer is good+⌈bad2⌉.\n\nSolution\n\n```\n// Created by Nikolay Budin\n\n#ifdef LOCAL\n#  define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG\n#else\n#  define cerr __get_ce\n#endif\n#include <bits/stdc++.h>\n#define ff first\n#define ss second\n#define szof(x) ((int)x.size())\n\nusing namespace std;\ntypedef long long ll;\ntypedef long double ld;\ntypedef pair<int, int> pii;\ntypedef unsigned long long ull;\nint const INF = (int)1e9 + 1e3;\nll const INFL = (ll)1e18 + 1e6;\n#ifdef LOCAL\n\tmt19937 tw(9450189);\n#else\n\tmt19937 tw(chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());\n#endif\nuniform_int_distribution<ll> ll_distr;\nll rnd(ll a, ll b) { return ll_distr(tw) % (b - a + 1) + a; }\n\nvoid solve() {\n\tint n, k;\n\tcin >> n >> k;\n\tmap<int, int> have;\n\tfor (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {\n\t\tint num;\n\t\tcin >> num;\n\t\thave[num]++;\n\t}\n\tint cnt = 0;\n\tint ans = 0;\n\tfor (pii p : have) {\n\t\tcnt += p.ss % 2;\n\t\tans += p.ss / 2 * 2;\n\t}\n\tans += (cnt + 1) / 2;\n\tcout << ans << \"\\n\";\n}\n\nint main() {\n#ifdef LOCAL\n\tauto start_time = clock();\n\tcerr << setprecision(3) << fixed;\n#endif\n\tcout << setprecision(15) << fixed;\n\tios::sync_with_stdio(false);\n\tcin.tie(nullptr);\n\n\tint test_count = 1;\n\t// cin >> test_count;\n\tfor (int test = 1; test <= test_count; ++test) {\n\t\tsolve();\n\t}\n\t\n#ifdef LOCAL\n\tauto end_time = clock();\n\tcerr << \"Execution time: \" << (end_time - start_time) * (int)1e3 / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << \" ms\\n\";\n#endif\n}\n```\n\n1195B - Sport Mafia\n\nIdea: ?\n\nPreparation: MikeMirzayanov and cdkrot\n\nTutorial\n\n### 1195B - Sport Mafia\n\nIn fact, we need to solve the following equation: x(x+1)2−(n−x)=k and when we will find x we need to print n−x as the answer. x(x+1)2 is the number of candies Alya will put into the box with x turns (sum of arithmetic progression). This equation can be solved mathematically. The only problem is getting the square root, it can be avoided with binary search or taking square root in non-integer numbers and checking some amount of integers in small range nearby the obtained root. The other solution is the binary search by x.\n\nSolution (binary search)\n\n```\n#include <iostream>\n#include <cmath>\n\nint main() {\n    long long n, k;\n    std::cin >> n >> k;\n    long long l = -1, r = n + 1;\n    while (r - l > 1) {\n        long long m = (l + r) / 2;\n        if ((n - m) * (n - m + 1) / 2 - m > k)\n            l = m;\n        else\n            r = m;\n    }\n    std::cout << r;\n    return 0;\n}\n```\n\nSolution (formula)\n\n```\n#include <iostream>\n#include <cmath>\n\nint main() {\n    long long n, k;\n    std::cin >> n >> k;\n    std::cout << static_cast<long long>(round(n + 1.5 - sqrt(2 * (n + k) + 2.75)));\n    return 0;\n}\n```\n\n1195C - Basketball Exercise\n\nTutorial\n\n### 1195C - Basketball Exercise\n\nThis is pretty standard dynamic programming problem. Let dpi,1 be the maximum total height of team members if the last student taken has the position (i−1,1), dpi,2 is the same but the last student taken has the position (i−1,2) and dpi,3 the same but we didn't take any student from position i−1. Transitions are pretty easy:\n\n- dpi,1=max(dpi−1,2+hi,1,dpi−1,3+hi,1,hi,1);\n- dpi,2=max(dpi−1,1+hi,2,dpi−1,3+hi,2,hi,2);\n- dpi,3=max(dpi−1,1,dpi−1,2).\n\nThis dynamic programming can be calculated almost without using memory because we need only the i−1-th row to calculate the ",
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            "output": "Title: Shortest path through an array of max-jump-lengths - Stack Overflow\nURL: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33227584/shortest-path-through-an-array-of-max-jump-lengths\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nGiven an array of non-negative integers, you are initially positioned at the first index of the array.\n...\nEach element in the array represents your maximum jump length at that position.\n...\nYour goal is to reach the last index in the minimum number of jumps.\n...\nclass Solution {\npublic:\n int jump(vector<int>& nums) {\n int i = 0, n = nums.size(), step = 0, end = 0, maxend = 0;\n while (end < n - 1) {\n step++;\n for (;i <= end; i++) {\n maxend = max(maxend, i + nums[i]);\n if (maxend >= n - 1) return step;\n }\n if(end == maxend) break;\n end = maxend;\n }\n return n == 1 ? 0 : -1;\n }\n};\n...\nDynamic programming Solution Idea: O(n^2)\n...\nSuppose the array given is A[1..n]. From i-th position you can take a jump of1 or 2 or 3...A[i]. You have already calculated the result for all j=i && j<=n. So now \n\nans[i]=min(ans[i+j],ans[i]) where i+j<=n && j=1,2,...A[i]\n...\nO(n^2\n...\nYou can compute it in O(n) also. from one position you will always move to a position which will have highest i+A[i] values..\n...\nI mean suppose you are in j th position. Then you will next move to position j such that j+A[j] is maximum. \nIf one of the elements is the last element, jump to the last element. Otherwise, jump to the element with the maximal j+A[j].\n...\nEasy, but inefficient\n...\nYou simply need to start from your index 0, and for every index i try to jump to 1 to a[i] indices ahead, while holding the best result for the last index. It has a high algorithm complexity, so that should be choosen only if efficiency is really irrelevant or n is pretty small.\n...\nAlgorithm will look like this:\n...\nint best = 2147483647;\nvector<int> A;\n...\nvoid Jump(int index, int step)\n{\n if (step > best)\n {\n // for positive values, if step > best we won't improve our result\n // avoid worthless calculations\n return; \n }\n if (index == A.size() - 1)\n {\n if (step < best) best = step;\n return;\n }\n\n int maxJumps = A[index];\n for (int i = index; i <= min(index + maxJumps, A.size() - 1); i++) \n {\n Jump(i, step + 1);\n }\n}\n...\nDynamic. Smart and efficient\n...\nThis approach uses Dynamic programming. Let we have an array B of the same length as array A. Let B[i] mean \"how many steps does it take at minimum to jump to A[i]\". If we know B[i], then we can say that we can jump to all possible indices (from i + 1 to i + A[i]) for B[i] + 1. So, all you need is to walk through the array from 0 to N-1 and look ahead, improving the result for every i to i + a[i]. \n\nSomething like this:\n\nvector<int> A, B;\nint n;\n\nint main() \n{\n // read n; read A of size n\n B.reserve(n); // B should be the same size and initialized with zeroes (by default)\n\n B[0] = 0; // not obligatory, 0 by default, just for clearness\n for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)\n {\n for (int j = i + 1; j <= min(i + A[i], n - 1); j++)\n {\n // improve result if we weren't there yet or if we can come to A[j]\n // faster if we go from A[i]\n if (B[j] == 0 || B[i] + 1 < B[j]) \n B[j] = B[i] + 1;\n }\n }\n}\n...\nThe algorithm will work this way:\n...\nA = 2 3 1 1 4\nB = 0 0 0 0 0\n...\ni = 0, improve 0+1, 0+2\nB = 0 1 1 0 0\n\ni = 1, improve 1+1, 1+2, 1+3\nB = 0 1 2 2 2\n...\ni = 2, no improvements \ni = 3, no improvements\n...\nThe answer is stored in B[n - 1].\n...\nI'm sharing the algorithm. Now, do BFS described as follows\n...\nint A[N]; // It contains the initial values\nint result[N]; // Initialise all with\n...\n_MAX in C\nbool visited[N]; // Initially,\n...\nqueue Q;\n...\nindex = 1\ncost =\n...\nin rear of\n...\n[index]\n...\nwhile(Q is not empty) {\n index = pop the value from the front of the Q.\n cost = cost + 1\n\n for(i in 1 to A[index]) {\n temp_index = index + i;\n if(temp_index <= N AND visited[temp_index] == false) {\n push temp_index in rear of Q.\n result[temp_index] = cost\n visited[\n...\n_index] = true\n }\n }\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: Bowers' Exploding Array Function - Googology Wiki - Fandom\nURL: https://googology.fandom.com/wiki/Bowers%27_Exploding_Array_Function\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nBowers'\n...\nArray Function (\n...\nL's can form an array itself, e.g. {LLL(1)LLL(2)LLL(1)LLL,10}3,3, and {(1)L,10}3,3 = {LLL,10}3,3. L arrays (not to be confused with legiattic arrays) can be dimensional, superdimensional, trimensional, tetrational, ... , legiattic, lugiattic, lagiattic, ligiattic, L100-attic, LL-attic, etc. L arrays can be large enough to be represented with lower L arrays, which are then represented with lower L arrays themselves... and that's the limit of BEAF.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Not only can beavers walk bi-pedally, but the dam things can jump too.\nURL: https://www.facebook.com/beavervideos/videos/beaver-walking-and-jumping/249881670103280/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nBeaver Walking and Jumping | Not only can beavers walk bi-pedally, but the dam things can jump too. 😀😀| By Mike’s photos and videos of beavers\n\n---\n\nTitle: Understanding the Movement and Space Use of Beavers in Southern ...\nURL: https://outdoor.wildlifeillinois.org/articles/understanding-the-movement-and-space-use-of-beavers-in-southern-illinois\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nAnother semi aquatic species that is difficult to track is the North American beaver (Castor canadensis). Easily identified by their paddle-like tail and large teeth, these animals historically inhabited much of North America. However, due to excessive fur trapping during the 1700s and1800s, beavers were largely extirpated from the eastern United states as well as other portions of their range by the early 1900s. To reverse this rapid population decline, wildlife managers implemented harvest and trapping restrictions while also conducting translocation efforts to support the recovery of this species. Today, despite much of their habitat being lost to anthropogenic development, beavers have proven highly adaptable by recolonizing much of their former range.\n...\nBeavers are considered ecosystem engineers due to the strong impact their activity has on the habitat around them. By damming streams, beavers help create pond and wetland complexes, as well as alter the vegetative structure which benefits several other plants and animals. Because beavers have such a large impact on their ecosystem, understanding how they move and what influences those movements is extremely valuable information for wildlife conservationists and managers. However, the challenge of figuring how to track such creatures remains.\n...\nSince 2021, we at the Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale have been working on identifying the best method of GPS transmitter attachment for beaver in order to gain a better understanding of their movement patterns. Our research was conducted on the Union County Conservation Area in southern Illinois, just east of the Mississippi River. We tested different GPS attachment methods for beavers during the spring and fall of 2021 and evaluated which method lasted longest on the animal and provided the most data. We also analyzed the data that was collected through these efforts to evaluate how beavers were moving at a fine-scale.\n...\nWe compared three attachment methods; a tail-mounted transmitter, a transmitter glued on the lower back of a beaver and a transmitter glued on the upper back. The tail-mounted transmitters were found to be ineffective because the location of the transmitter on the tail resulted in these units staying submerged for much of the time they were attached, limiting the opportunities to acquire a successful GPS location. Glued-on transmitters, however, were more successful in acquiring GPS locations as beavers tend to swim at the surface with their back slightly protruding from the water. Between the two glued-on attachment methods, it was found that those glued to the lower back outperformed those on the upper back. Overall, these glued-on transmitters allowed the tracking of these animals for one to two months.\n...\nThese data also revealed interesting facts about beaver movement. We found that there were a few central locations that were heavily used by our tagged individuals, generally being associated with a den, lodge or foraging patch. The data also showed that when accessing these central hubs beavers generally used the same pathways to move between them. These central hubs and preferred movement paths made up most of the locations we collected, and we found that only on rare occasions did beavers take a break from the daily tasks to wander away and explore new areas. Finally, we noticed that in our densely populated study area, beavers maintained a buffer between their daily activity and that of neighboring colonies, suggesting these animals do their best to be respectful of their neighbor’s space.\n...\nOur research showed that it is possible to track beavers at a fine-scale. The opportunity to track beavers and other semi aquatic mammals to learn about how they move is exciting as it allows new questions to be asked and explored. There is much to learn about how and why beavers move, especially given the important role they play in their ecosystem. Our research takes the first few steps towards developing a better understanding of beaver movement, opening the door for further studies interested in exploring how these industrious little critters behave when no one is watching.\n\n---\n\nTitle: New Britain Herald January 26, 1925 Page 8 | History Worm\nURL: https://www.historyworm.com/gazete/new_britain_herald/1925-01-26/8\nPublished: 2025-07-13T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n. New Dritain Takes Lead UNK, \"SHEIK\" GRANCY Here we have Ben Funk, sen of tepresentative Funk of Illinols. aptain of the Yale team, hoxing ith “Sheik” Graney of Lawrence, ass., 119-pound champion, LEAGUE LEADERS. CONTINUE PACE | (Boys\" Club Intermediate Cirouit Shows No Changes | | . | Intermediate League | Standing B. {al | ss P! 114D 667 444 286 Panthers Pelicans | Pawnees sents Beavers Harm (alsll The first three teams in the Boys' club intermediate leagne proved |their right to their positions Satur- |day afternoon by winning their games from the three occupants of [the lower half of the league. All the |U {contests were close and, as usual, | N conspicuous by better defensive St than offensive work |1 Pelicans Gulp Another n The Pelicans kept right behind |tk the leaders by handing another m-i\"’ feat to the lowly Harmonies, te {The Pelicans first when Rakutis made free throw, | which Gl\\p foll fic {goal. P the end of the half Tony Kerelejza dropped in a two which put his team in the figh Pelicans drew away in the f, which was featured by IM& p's ali-around playing. The score Pelicans T v | good a 4 with 1 3T 0lA | 41A thlf.nn'». rf Skurzewski, Grip, ¢ Loring rg Chester, lIg. Berkowitz | TRADE SHOP PINMEN |averages made games give the Trade Shop first M. ings: “afnirs Corbin Serew rolling D. E. e On the tap-off Wheeler of the vis- itors got the jump on Neipp, tapped the sphere to Towle who took two steps and swished the ball upwards for what looked like an easy “suck- | er-shot.” He mi however, and this shot was a fair sample of majority of those taken by the via- itors. Less than a minute of play had elapsed when Captain Belser got ARE LEADING LEAGUE Warner Tops The Individual Bowlers In This Circuit—Hart oo ooty Xet a0t |from the fifteen foot line for New | Britain's first tally. Neipp followed with another double decker a few seconds later and then Beloin dent- ed the hoop . r two more points. Six and a half minutes of play had flashed by before the visitors scored and then it was Donovan who tossed |it in for one point from the free throw mark after he had been foul- | ed. Captain Belser threw another |field goal before the period ended. The visitors' only other scores were two more free shots, tossed in vy (‘oles on foul by Zehrer. The first period ended with the Newport boys being held without a field goal and the locals having amassed eight | points from the floor. The Second Period The second period saw New Brit. |ain outclagsing their guests more supremely. Not only were the Rogers High Loys held absolutely scorcless in this quarter, but also New Britain rang up eight more points, all on field goals. Belser scored again, Beloin got another pretty one from the The Industrial league out at including bowling the Rogers' last week's leys and | and P. and F. Corbin second. Warner leads the individual with Maier close behind: The stand- ace Won Lost rade S5 8 andF. Corbins . anley Wks. niversal nion Mfg. 3 orth and Jndd anley Rule art and Cooley .... igh single, M. Maer, 1 ree strings, M. Maer, 3 am single, Universal, am three strings, Universal, 1637 Individuals averages of player 5 per cent or more games Warner, 106.3; M. Maer, 106.0 Ireeman, 10\\1 G. Peterson ; D. Rooney, 104.2; H. Nelson Cook, 103.2; D. DPeterson | In the opening of the sccond haif Myers, 101 Tutke the Newoprt boys showed a flash of ‘Ward, 100.2; Crowley, their reported billiancy when Wheel. . Wilco .4 er, their center, dashed throngh ti Perkins. 99.4 I' local team and rang 'n a [121] goa hompson, the first of the game for this tcam. Carlson, Donovan followed with another dou- nderson, ble decker a little latar, but these were more than offset by the bril- High High | High 3. Newports Gets Gonls. Volhardt, Caceck 96.1; Schaefer, 9 Suechi, P | (Continued on Following Page.) the ball on a pass and tossed it in| even | floor and Neipp rang the ball twice. | NURMI AND RAY- RACE TOMORROW The Flying Fion Faces His Toughest Jobs This Woek , New York, Jan. 26.—Paavo Nurmi, who ran his total of indoor world's records up to 12 Baturday night at the Brooklyn college games, has four races in his schedule this week, the most strenuous program he has undertaken since his three success- sive nights of racing at Chicago and New York. The ‘Phantom Finn” will share the spotlight of the week, however, in all of these events with Ugo I'ri- gerio, famous Itallan walker = and Olymple ghampion who makes his American debut Tuesday night, the firts night of the double-barrelled Millrose A. A. track and field car- | nival at Madison Square Garden, which looms as the outstanding ath- letic event aof the winter season. Nurmi’s race on the first night of the Millrose meet over a distance of three-quarters of a mile promises to put the “Abo Auntelope” to one of the séverest tests of his American campaign, This distance is a trifle short for Paavo and will give his opponents, including Joie Ray, Lloyd Hahn, Leo Larrivee and Jimmy Con- | nolly, a better chance to win than at any other mark. The Finn, however, is confident of his ability to triumph that he has mapped out a schedule to break the two- thirds mile record as well as l]|.ll\\ for three-quarters. Seeks Wanamaker Trophy On the second night, Nurmi will compete in a mile and a half race for the Rodman Wanamaker trophy, | which has been won for the past | seven successive years by Joie Ray. | The little Chicagoan, who also holds the world’s record for the distance, will attempt to defend his honors, while the other opposition for the in- | vader will include Leo Larivee, | Willie Goodwin, George Lermond and William Cox. Frigerio wjll make his first start | in a three-mile walk in which he | will contede Iiln’:\":ll handicaps to his opponents. Glorge Goulding, fa- mous Canadian walker and xurmvl world's champion, who is staging come-back: to meet Frigerio, is lr star in another handicap feature on | Tuesday night. On Wednesday | Frigerio, Goulding and Willie Plant, premier American heel and toe star, are to meet in a special 5,000 | meter event confined to these three international stars. | Nurmi-Frigerio To Star | Nurmi and Frigerio are to make | | their other appearances of the week in the Morningside A. . meet Lere Friday night and the Boston A. A. {8ames Saturday night, The nn fs | slated fo run 4,000 yards at the | Morningside games and 3,000 met- ers in Boston. The Millrose jevents rank ! | and among portaut of the Boston A. the most | port indoar season, and their_programs, with Nurmi and | |Frigerio as headiiners, promise to witness spectacular competition. | |Scheols, clubs and colleges from {many partd of the country wiil be represented by an array of nation- lal, Olympic and college champfons. The Millrose games also will mark the first indoor appearance of Jack- |son Scholz, Olympic 200 meter | (champion and only Americay to | capture a flat-racing title at Paris | last summer. He wiil have keen | competition from TLoren Murchison, Frank Hussey and “Boot Lever & sprint serice at 40, 50 and | yards, A. im- 0! Of course you can sell it — Her- ald classificd ad dept. Lipman Kerelejza, Berg, Renock, rg. Marholin,lg. Refree—\"Red\"” Aronsc Pawnees Scalp Beavers Tpe Pawnces won from the Beave ers, 12.%, in a fast and exciting con- test. For four minutes there was scoring. Biafichi started the B by dropping in two from the 1 mark. Truhan partly conferact this with a single shot, and the Baylock came through with a £oal to put the Pawnees ahead. The | Beavers recovered and were leading, | 7-6, at the half. The Pawnee defensc strengthened in the second haif and licld the Beavers to a al, | while the offense got undcr v nd | cwed up the game, Tru n-| chi and Leiner played good games The $corce: l'nuvvv\\ 8 Baylock, 1g Ttl 1 4 0 0 Goals Feuls rf 1 It ) Bianchi GGotowala Leiner, ¢ Cianci, rg . Koswig, 1§ = | Referee—\"Sherift” Aronson Panthers Claw Crescents The -league-leading Panthers got | off to &\n\n---\n\nTitle: Page 7 — Journal News 23 July 1937 — HRVH Historical Newspapers\nURL: https://news.hrvh.org/veridian/?a=d&d=ieadbehj19370723.1.7\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nmad$.'\n...\nevents andrpther sport*. Those\n...\noecdre\n...\n. Aoffice,\n...\nBeavers 6 0 1.000 Journal-News ....... 8 National Bank 8 Wanamaker Shoe.5 Gair Cartons 3 RCA Victors 3 T. E. A 3 Post Office ....«,»•«• 2 Nyack Y.M.C.A. .... 2 Lions Club 2 Empire H. & L. .... 1 Royal Arcanum .. 1\n\n---\n\nTitle: Atlanta Georgian and news. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1912, May 20, 1908, Image 11 «\n        Georgia Historic Newspapers\nURL: https://gahistoricnewspapers.galileo.usg.edu/lccn/sn89053728/1908-05-20/ed-1/seq-11/ocr/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Digital Library of Georgia\nHighlights:\nAtlanta Georgian and news. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1912, May 20, 1908, Image 11 « Georgia Historic Newspapers\n\n## Atlanta Georgian and news. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1912, May 20, 1908, Image 11\n\n#### Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.\n\n```\n\n    m\nTHE ATLANTA GEORGIAN AND NEWS.\nfKDNESDAT. MAT », IT**.\nadditional Sporting News\nfor full page cf sports see last page.\nmake many plansfor\nS. I. A. A. TRACK MEET\ngnthuilMtle work la being done to\n, ur , the success of the S. L A. track\n\" a Held meet, which will be held In\nIilenta Friday and Saturday. The\nrunJ „ in be pulled off on Tech'e new\ntr»ck and the field events on the Tech\nhasebalt and football field.\nThe nffleers named for the meet are:\nnames committee—\\V. N. Randle,\nchsirman; Percy H. YVhltlng. Edward\n■ Ifanacer of Games—\\\\*. N. Randle.\nReferee—A. A. Johnson.\nScorer—Professor Bnogher.\nMeasurer—Professor Branch.\nMarshal—Chief Jennlng*. .\nStarter—IV. H. Tlchenor. ^\nClerk of Courae—E. A. Turner.\nInspectors—Dr. Crenshaw. Alex\nLynn. Professor Nesblt, John Ferguson,\nJr.\nFinish Judges—A. B. Hill, Walter\nTaylor, S. S. Wallace.\nField Judges—R. v. Patterson, R. C.\nHorning. A. B. Marlin.\nTimers—Professor Weems, Dr. Jack-\neon. Percy H. Whiting.\nGeorgia Rys. and East Point\nThe Georgia Railways and the East\npaints, two of the strongest teams of\nt l,e city League, wilt play at Ponce\npebsan Saturday afternoon under the\nsuspires of the Street Car Motorman\nMi! conductors' Association.\nKn both these teams are yery evenly\nmatched, a rattling good game Is looked\n143$.\n1307.\nReceipts\nShipments\nStocks ...'\nisr\n211.003\nB\n261.727\neldered one of the best pitchers In this\nvicinity since Ed Lafltte left.\nManager Callahan, of the East\nPoints, promise* to use Xabel In this\ngame. If he does, a pitchers' battls\nmay be looked for.\nGAMES IN\nCOMMERCIAL\nHere are next Saturday's games In\nis commerclar League:\nSun Proofs ve. Western Electric Com\npany Piedmont park (north diamond),\nC. w. Ferguson, umpire.\nI.. * X. vs. Coca-Cola, Ponce DeLeon\nand Myrtle. W. F. Shumate, umpire.\nBeck A Gregg vs. Acme Brew, Pine\nKnoll diamond, Gammage Crossing,\nCarleton Floyd, umpire.\nG.M.A.andB.H.S.\nHold Track Meet\non Thursday at 1 o’clock on the O.\nM. A. Held the O. M. A. and the Boye'\nHigh School track teams will hold a\nmeet. As the Interest In track events\nhas been lagging In the prep schools\nthese two schools have decided to see\nIf they cannot etlr up some Intereet.\nThe High School Is practicing every\nda)’ and expects to present a good,\narrnng array of men to meet the cadets.\nThe local team will rely on Goree. Beu-\ntell end Parke to bring home victory, if\npoaalble.\nParks Is very good In the dashes and\nBore* makes a good long distance man.\nBeutell Is a good Jumper, both In the\nbrood and the high. Goree also can\nJump some. The mark made by these\nmm last Friday at the High School\nHeld day was 5 feet, 4 Inches, not so\nbad for prep men.\nWith the weights Hinton can be re\nlied on every time. He put the shot\nlaat Friday over 31 feet.\nThe G. M. A. boye have a very good\nteam, and It Is believed that the scores\n\"III be about even.\nA small admission fee wlll.be charg\ned lo defray the expense* and a good,\ntoad-yelling crowd Is wanted—one that\n\"111 appreciate the good wont which Is\nsure to be done.\nCOMMERCIAL LEAGUE NOTES. -\nHere Is a bit of dope, furnished by\nthe press sgent of the Sun Proof team\ntn-hoae name la withheld by request):\nThe chsmptons certainly have a\n\"peach\" In Bowdlon, who stars around\n■He initial sack. He Is the fastest In\n■be t'ommerclal league on hi* ’props,\ntnd also hits the ball.\n' Bit\" Lockrtdge Is playing In hts old-\ntime form around short. Saturday ht\nmide some swell pickups.\nNowell was there on third. Harry\nHolland, the regular, being nue*of the\n■Hy. but the tall boy played a pretty\nSimmon* caught a nice game for the\nCoca-i ’otas and Wing played a nice\ngame around the third sack.\nauousta pythianb\nATTENDING MEETING\nAUGUSTA, Ga„ May 20.—Augusta\n”nt a l\n\n---\n\nTitle: N/A\nURL: https://newspapers.swco.ttu.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/885463a3-5306-4b6a-bda8-08c6329407d3/content\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nThursday and Fri\n...\ntrack and field\n...\nmeet Officials of HPC have\n...\ned the following entrlea\n...\nthe \nm eet:\n\n---\n\nTitle: Evening Star December 1, 1916 Page 3 | History Worm\nURL: https://www.historyworm.com/gazete/evening_star/1916-12-01/3\nPublished: 2025-12-04T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n& Son, Inc., oe Tenst Bide: Phone M. 760. \\ simplicity. same PT i § =— ‘Guo - “¥; athe | Conveyed to Cathedral. € s ote oO | cpHeOa Factorv Prices on Window Shades | pee | phen’s Cathedr: 733 12th st The Shade Sirop, Ph. M. 4874. } through the ey pane the Do We rear | Charles was conveyed l over a eity, to St. Ste- long route; enormous crowds lin- | Emperor! mourners seated around the} ‘ + | } ' streets us it passed. the other cottin and the high =e SEVERE PLAINNESS =\" MARKS LAST RITES: THE EVENING STAR, FRIDAY, Dickinson; son; Beaver B Marquette Buick, Mercer special, Milo air.. Earl French; ihe } Stutz, ic C. Burbage; Wessier Jimmie, ; Jimmie. Don Moore. While !Wwus not a long one, it furnished 3 jot exciternent and thrills, especial ily fon the turns, where they would bunch jund proceed to fight for positions ot ladvantage. * i This was Irving funce on the 3urber’s first appexnr- local track-in his new Be THREE EVENTS IN THANKSGIVING DAY RACES AT BENNING | Moore, | fourth. There wer pentire meet, and, fideal, the the assoc pubic {heavy thir YT DECEMBER. _1, rain postponed. ;w > Th Weizhtm {S: i} vere entered by ; ihe vu I » of this city | r- fi 43 : and Jimmie, jr. by the Kline | j Slot oO any f Richmond. The | r entries were by local owners, each e| P whor ilote is own car, with the | ly ; ©xee f the Semmes Special, which | n | Was entered by Ray W. Semmes. | =. i 1 | Julius Given, 1917 9% street, last} tl] niet bout 8 o'clock entered house 912 iV ‘eet in respon to eries for help } tj and found ti clothing of Mary B 2 ne | den, color 2006 Davis court, ifire. He ic SESS, inguished the fire, but not fore woman had been severe- ly burned about the body. Nealon of the eighth pre- cinct also 1 vonded to the woman’s cries. He arrested Margaret Budd, col-} ;ored, and charged her with assault., Companys 1916. | Island, Miller, Miller's said, when the Engineer Killed; Train Buss Wild. | PHILLIPSBURG, | While its engineer, aes Shaffer, lay {dead beside the tracks near Black Tom a milk train on the Lehigh Valley j railroad yesterday ran thirty miles hbe- {yond that point before the fireman, discovered Shaffer was attention first train passed N. J., December 1.— Allen missing. was attracted, he an important | | Weightman Special, Gish. } accidents ine! WAS large ing fo the count of befor th The were during > weather not as - Hee Com) Jimmie, jr of ~ee BELL-ANS | Absolutely Removes Indigestion. One package crossing without heeding a signal ws arn- | ing. Seeing that Shaffer was not at 7 post, Miller brought the train to a halt. Shaffer apparently had climbed out on; the running board of his engine and ne fallen off, sustaining fatal eee Was sixty-eight years old. Oo Judge Edward S. Turner of the twenty- Sixth Virginia judicial circuit has an- nounced his retirement from the ber falas ee it. 25cat all dirapeiie to resume active practice of law ana —— SER A I SES SERIE Sy Gift Jewelry for Christmas Christmas Gift Buying is on with a rush. Never before has it started so early. Already—at our patrons’ requests—we have reserved many hun- dreds of articles for later delivery. Why? Because people realize that NOW they get choice selection and the best possible service. there is incentive to early buying in this: That when desirable articles are sold duplicates are unobtainable and prices are prohibitive. be inevitably just ahead. A Deposit Now Reserves Your Gift for Christmas- Engraving Free Lady’s Very Small Size Shaped Wrist $25.00 Man’s Thin Model, 17- Gold Elgin Watch, 20- year gold filled case—trim $16.50 Octagon Watch—dainty and serviceable. Jewel, Open-face, Dial built and mas- White Ivory Du Barry Toilet Sets—brush, comb $8.50 that represent exceptional values and that will be sure to command your early inspection: Further— Moreover— probable increases in the prices of all jewelry and precious stones seem to | —_—_—_—_—_—_—__—_—_—_—_—_—_—— Time Delivery Here are a few Gift Suggestions £ NYT Free Men’s Waldemar Vest Chains — solid gold—a splendid assortment..... Diamond Solitaire Rings —wonderful luster brilliancy — in array— and profuse The prudent buyer purchases before the rise. $5.00 Ladies’ Cameo Rings— solid gold mountings— wide range of 14-kt. Gold i choice. ._.. aes 8 $5.00 —set with eee jae ine cut diamonds $5.00 Men’s Double Link Cuff Buttons, solid gold —a more serviceable gift you’d ind... $5.00 $25, 350, 375, $100 | Lavallieres—settings of cent pearls and cut jamonds. Spe. $10.00 Cialiat: ob. 5 cree We Specialize in All the Standard American Watches- Hamilton—Howard—Waltham— Elgin—Gruen. R. HARRIS & Co. 7th and D Sts. The Jewelers r * ; oN atc 2942 £3 - # wa Pe 5 art he set |Other entries were by !o ee Wall Covering on Ss |ecatafalque. They rose as it was borne jver Bullet, and from the start he set |° ; sted! nis ete The ; Plast into the cathedral, surrounded by eight Good Time Made in Automohile ja lively pace for his competitors. He | 0° whom piloted hi culinp in type. . Replacing Lath and Plaster? [pages bearing burning tapers, smi f a [took the lead in the first lap, closely | Cxception of th You Bet—Lots of It. Get Prices. } shortly afterward Cardinal Piff began Races Despite Condition {followed by Moore, with Dickinso G M. B 649 N.Y. Av the brief service, which was terminated jclose pursuit. Gish wes fe oa eS ons | ar ker 1nl7 Seve by the Kyrie Eleison. ibut he opened up on the buck stretch | wro yg q sn hap cs SAP POINT The absence of any organ accompani- of Track. jand when Jap No, 2 was being record- | MAN BURNED; ONE HELD. . ° “T NEVER ment gave additional simplicity to the led he had ae into sage ge ip li a ax aT and mirror—in- Pr i service. i jahead of the Stutz, and he at one olice sa econ nrew iti i increase — Basi armor After the cardinal had sprinkled the jsturted after Barber's scalp. aod = nai Lighted vitingly attractive —by using the best and mos 2 coffin it was replaced in the hearse by am urin ight printing you can buy—use Adams Printing. the pallbearers cane taken to ae MOTOR CYCLES CALLED OFF | Gish Begins to Show Speed i Pp s 8 THE SERVICE SHOP Capuchin crypt, where it will remain. < 1 fourth jap) tha = MS PRINTER, | The mourne followed the hearse on Ii was not until the fourth lap that] nigh BYRON S. ADAMS, 33 \"na' st jfoot to the crypt, where another short pester lie eee _|Gish commenced to show speed. Bar-| Vv str iG = rhe terminated the ceremony. | ID. Brailey Gish, holder of the New ta Sw Gara SE eae rc eer Eee Gee 7 ene = | Throughout the obsequies the young | York-Washington and Richmond-Wash- | nea : ee ae. ae That Met u Ceiling :crown prince, who is four years old, ington automobile road records, w fayatl plane bie aemnerces obese = we = | aa = jst 1 close behi i ae : ie res’ ste wor it sas when about Is Artistic as well as Fireproef. pxpeth one Panne ponies Paige new laurels yesterday afternoon, when | 1U45 “s eo = : ae ; that Gist at | z = : Pre 2 3 cae {to take the lower curve mish, at) i oom mr land sons and daughters q a arch- | he swept the track at Benning, winning | y | Police Sharpening Razor Biades lice ana ere sis aie! pe dee 8 See aaa aes 2 pee ‘ae one Slee oh aS Ene took the turn, ploughed} liceman S , c § = =e sts races ¢ e€ = r | st edge—Reasonable charg ina y hi ati arriage | throug e , splattering it all over} The keenest edge—Reasonable charge. dinand, by his morganatic Lantekaces? alberto meet of the Middle Atlantic Motor As- ee = oe see pais S ate aie atic nae ; ee -. oan, | Barber anc he othe vers, t on) o1 RUDOLPH & WEST €o., | #0¢ eae, Dore ted PER SE omit speed in the back stretch and too : he burned woman was taken to 322 NEW YORK AVE. X.W. SAYS 100,000 BELE (00 BELGIANS event were some of the fastest cars in the lead It was one of the mostj ® fe shat s Hos sya where physicians 1382 NEW YORK AVE. N. , fe a eee | Abeer i tee ber save | Saic\n\n---\n\nTitle: Evening Star February 19, 1928 Page 23 | History Worm\nURL: https://www.historyworm.com/gazete/evening_star/1928-02-19/23\nPublished: 2025-07-19T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n- |GAh as prepared by 3 { Johnson. and sugeested th in_admitting members they should be | required to s rib2 to this oath. Upon motion th accopted as a future procedure. The election of delogates to th April 1} Mrs. N: members’ yivanus E hereafter a new 1 .'-‘h'] universicy. ‘sld(‘m Marvin in o‘f]c{‘ procession will st 2:30 o'clock. Elmer l,le ¢ of the universi olwell w Russell Well Known. . who will deliver the ad- one of the of nding yo s of the day. He is in charge| hers College at Co! 'nnd Mrs tor C.\\l’ln< were \\“\"L‘! od Manor House C ruary D. Hawkins, and Evelyn Haw Mrs. Le Gage e 2 class. Follow- . speaking in f Dr. Marvin, the | manner on Valier 1 ma)«- a brief talk & report on the rm,w~ hou mittee. The following is the chapts sentation in the coming “fount | Congress: Lil e Board | weth: dard: dolegate, . which will | ternate: r Hotel. Feb-' B. Mul is given for the:J A ox- he gradus al interest is noted in ’.h!;l'. Chcno- Lee God- ¢ Fridav s house force by on of pri- scknell op- resalution a 3 (‘r‘!) have been planned sason | Manor Ch three at home—that w two in Mar when the home will meet William and Mary bates have b D. I\\I'\\H‘Y)L Hardir :l.:-mmmmrd at the James Shera Montgo . chaplain of Livingston Manor Chap:er. sang two sc- lections, which were encared. Among the honor guests were Mrs. H . Siate historian: gl i SOPrano. Bnrher to Lecture. 0 by Mrs. John Georze Bucher. 3 author, T correspondent and soldier, e at the university o'clock in Cor- er th> auspices of th2 Ger- and the burcau of lecturer in old-time published dressed in o 1926 deal- | ot i o has 10! ness, but the me: and was given wa. T prrfl*rnd 15| The American L = contost and is | &t the avme of M three awards for | 1343 Jeerson stree Cntrants may | MIs. k. iion Ja chairmar serious readings. | the commiiiee of national deiense. znnd impromptu | 2n insirucuve repor: on the wo! of | carried on by lue Stale commiitee. \"‘Jb.u speeking classe committees reported for plans and rules for the their activities, showing a box of sup- oontest. plics sent to Elis Islana. a contributicn John T. Lokerson, & sophomore in the | toward the Manual lor Immigrants, Echool of Engineering, was zwarded the | aiso one 1o the national defense work. Bigma Tai edal for S\"hmzr\"‘!p dur- The foreign relations com ing the college year 1926-27, ported that was z freshman. at the last m“exmz of have as its he Jocal ;md-m chapter of the Az-r hon- a]. riy Chapier met Cnares C. Woiz, Feoruary boxes cempail contrib the fund equ: Descendants Tuesday v Andrew L. Ra nue. The ass Constance Goodr M. Walton. The regent o ‘“\"\"\"”” J. Holzberg, presided. Reports of offi- Bar Test. cers, chapter committecs and chap ct of Colum- | Tepresent December, | Were given. from (H‘ of cl mpm met Ars, Many Piss 5 AnnouN s held contributed toward the antigue bunjo clock room of Continentzl Hall o the State donatior w | Chase of | the Distric d Echot) were and an ter, Marhin son Castie, jr & T Toman M Crapman, Beveriey Mosby | ko) Coieman, Morton Oscar Cooper. Alden | JERATE S0 0% E dmus dames A Langon Thomas | O Grien s : jarencr, Waroid B Luner. 7 o i % “*M’:L‘m‘“ eral. both of whom 2av 4 w- Jects tional nierest W hour, with refresiments, fotlowed DeLong, John J.| The Susan K J. Howard heid its Fre F\".\" Fl' the I vm rman U;ull \"'hmm. Moore, Edmond Porficld. Foi Dolan. Solomo ¥ D iere Hetzel (lnpwr t ¥r «r'ln'l of u regent nine v atend Co nental a5 follows: Drie egate's miternate other WMAN HELD |'N DRY RAID. Lettenman of the surgay miWrnoon | i | Emily Nelson Chapler met home of Mrs. W W. Hirk 6 Mrs Hices and bher it Al the Fobruary M:s, Col- Jur | February 2 e a1 were De- | and evening for U lenet of and Richard | pledged by chapler S BN Copminunion Hai of hon Agerits ar i1 gaming of 10 w ey were Henry > reet MHenry 1 Drron | s Burnard, Mrs Ethel May wnd | Acelbert Chulsty, M1s. Fied Mysine, Etreet | delegate Ix Mrs Charl | rhe cuaprer tien Lad The s | 1 i I of hearing Mre Charies € Hai Cialdren of the Repubiie,” snd Mis hard B Gwen sprak on CPatrioti ucution SOCIAL CLUB RAIDED. Dolly Madison Chapler i) it 1 Iobas 13 Ggacn 5017 Tursday e ening A ere Miss Murinn ¢ Fiors 1 was AL 1 i pending i by Wi acceptanice anini Bociety s Dufour, the Listonan 1ead i psjrr < | at Vhe close of the business i Her < j bt wis The Lite of Dolly Mad- .’ 'l'h!s will be | ® dircction of the St | sided over by Mre D. A. R. ACTIVITIES annual guest Vietory Chapter hald i ock, at the night February Chestnut Farms Auditoriul ‘The re- gont, Mrs. Frank E. Weber, presided. Mrs. Earl B. Fuller, State vice chair- iman of the committee for Sons and Daughters of the Republic. introduced | Majorie Bromley president of the Mount | Vernon Club, ‘which meets at Peck Chapel. She told of the patriotic in- ruction and good times given (o th in all. un the > committec A group of children from the Mount { Vernon Club, were gussts of the chaps ter and took part in a little pageant showing a number of scenes from the | Mrs. Walter and State chairman o h committee, N. S, D. & address on the wo ~ducation amons th> foreign born in the District of Columbia. to which the D. A. R. chap- ters contribute. tional | rief The Mary Washington Chapter ccle- brated the thirty-fift miversary of its organization Club on Tuesda o1 at son and W dressed o national and State off and chap- o as well as nd their accompenied Panl W. Fishb the aud The Judee Lynn Ciante reary 6 at th> home of Mrs Leith. Mrs. K M ported that eld and the Bicrdom (M. C bren meeting b of_Coloniz ont names have been sor over the world in - child a fair cha officers for the eomin Dr. Cloyd l{cck George Washington U E Ciayton Terry of Hc have baen inte wod student loan fund be discussed at the n Miss Mary Derothy M. Clark have be floor commit with res of t d to Gov. Thomas Welles So the American Rey iety, ut ai - an ingunced 1 1 colontal versity pa the Mayflo! E Pluribus Unum Chapter held s annual recopion February » at th home of Mrs. Harry C. Giove, pact regent, 2708 Cathedral avenuc. A lurg number of prominent D. A fruest were present and several ) and State oih Afier the gu were v the regent, Mrs. Elme 1o the flag was given tnging of “Aumerica rlasann musical proge sared by Mre. Williun C. ‘Teubner M Al 1 Bira Walter Mol of the Holt School 1ondered selection A quartet !luul the Chovy Chase Chant Noreross and panied by plano ‘Th 5 oare i group ol hip of Herndon ol The I Ha ity My 3 An mien under th Morscll, composed of night' progrim complete ithout Hayeock who und Bt rep The were i My Farl nde ut cretary it g addre organizng s Jumes M Howurd 1 chapter's and Mis He. recent motion making John M. Beavers ho members of the chspter Ttelrest were served by e hostess fiom attractive table in the diniug yoom e Theo M G Kiap pens and Mie Howard L Hodgkins Chlldren of hus been un aclal Nnes diring Capital Society American Revolution, ustially active slong e past month, #s (e members have been taking thelr annosl o cours raining for the minet O 1 ning of Febraary 21 e Capital Boelety miniet will be danced [ 1or the West Virginia Blete Soclety at | 2400 Bixteenthy streel by Elizab:th | Francts Hoffheins. Eitvabeth Harding Jobn Wackerman. Mildied HBuines Dallas Bare and Juhin Biasel, and on | | hat a group 4 heen | of | | HORSES COMPETE AT CLUB EXHIBIT By the Ascociated Press, The effecting of economies in the | Government service as advocated hy‘ President Coolidge has no material re- ward for employes who furnish the | ideas and_carry them into effect. Col. C. B. Robbins, Acting Secretary of War, discovered this yesterday when seeking some way to recognize the sug- gestion of Lieut. Harry Kirsner, sta- tioned in Philadelphia, for converting useless war-time cloth into window ! | {Judaes Name Winners Eight Events at Indoor Show. in | the satisfaction 1 PART 1. ® 23 shades with a saving of $190,000 to th- | | War Depariment. The oniy reward which an",
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The main board\nsupports three 64x64 tiled scrolling background planes of 8x8 tiles, and a\npowerful sprite engine capable of handling all the video chores by itself\n(used in e.g. Super Space Invaders). The front tilemap has characters which\nare generated in RAM for maximum versatility (fading effects etc.).\n...\n#include \"emu.h\"\n#include \"taito_f2.h\"\n...\n#include \"taitoipt.h\"\n#include \"taitosnd.h\"\n\n#include \"mahjong.h\"\n\n#include \"\n...\n/m68000/m68000.h\"\n#include \"\n...\n/z80/z80.h\n...\n#include \"\n...\n/te7\n...\nim6295\n\n---\n\nTitle: verify/verify-yosupo-math/yosupo-inverse-matrix-mod-2.test.cpp\nURL: https://github.com/NyaanNyaan/library/blob/master/verify/verify-yosupo-math/yosupo-inverse-matrix-mod-2.test.cpp\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n# verify/verify-yosupo-math/yosupo-inverse-matrix-mod-2.test.cpp\n...\n#define PROBLEM \"https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/inverse_matrix_mod_2\"\n//\n#include \"../../template/template.hpp\"\n//\n#include \"../../matrix/f2-matrix.hpp\"\n...\nusing namespace Nyaan;\n...\nvoid q() {\n ini(N);\n F2_Matrix<4096, 4096> m(N, N);\n rep(i, N) {\n ins(S);\n m[i] = bitset<4096>{Rev(S)};\n }\n auto [f, ans] = m.inverse();\n if (!f) {\n out(-1);\n } else {\n rep(i, N) cout << Rev(ans[i].to_string()).substr(0, N) << \"\\n\";\n }\n}\n...\nvoid Nyaan::solve() {\n int t = 1;\n // in(t);\n while (t--) q();\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: fserre/F2Matrix\nURL: https://github.com/fserre/F2Matrix\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n# fserre/F2Matrix\n...\nLinear algebra library for matrices in F2\n...\n# F2Matrix\n...\nF2Matrix is a linear algebra library for small matrices (of maximal size 8x8) in F2, i.e. the Galois field with two elements. It supports matrix addition (and therefore subtraction), multiplication, transposition, inversion and rank computation. \n\nThis library aims to provide high performance, an relies heavily on bit manipulation instructions. Particularly, it requires an x64, BMI2 capable processor (e.g. Intel Haswell or newer). This library is implemented by [François Serre](https://fserre.github.io/) as a research project at [Department of Computer Science at ETH Zurich](https://www.inf.ethz.ch/), supervised by [Markus Püschel](https://www.inf.ethz.ch/personal/markusp/).\n\n# Use\n...\nInclude the file `matrix.hpp` in your .cpp file, and turn on the flag allowing intrinsics on your compiler.\n\n---\n\nTitle: haonap/2clubSig\nURL: https://github.com/haonap/2clubSig\nPublished: 2020-09-07T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n# Code for computing 2-club signatures\n...\nThis repository contains C++ code used for computing 2-club signatures in the article \"Graph Signatures: Identification and Optimization\" which has been published in European Journal of Operational Research. If you wish to use or cite this code, please cite:\n...\nThe code should be straightforward if you start to read from file main.cpp. Necessary comments have been added in the code for easiness of understanding. Descriptions are added at the top of each function in functions.cpp and classes.cpp. As stated previously, the code is used for computing 2-club signatures. We present three methods for computing 2-club signatures, GSIP-F2, MW-2CLB, and MW-F2.\n...\nIn file main.cpp, the main function starts by reading in input parameters from file instance.txt. File instance.txt contains three entries, instance name, tau, and method (method is indexed by a number, 1 for GSIP-F2, 2 for MW-2CLB, and 3 for MW-F2). For instance name, please go into folder graphSequences and directly copy the name of a instance you would like to test on. Each instance is actually a graph sequence. For tau, you can pick any positive integer no bigger than the length of the graph sequence. For example, file instance.txt contains \"karate_10_0.8 3 1\" by default, which is instructing the code to compute a 3-persistent 2-club signature of the instance karate_10_0.8 using GSIP-F2.\n...\n1. Download or clone the repository to your machine.\n...\nterminal, go to the repository\n...\n3. Type \"make\" and hit enter to compile.\n4. Open instance.txt file, enter instance name, tau, and method sequentially as input parameters.\n5. In terminal, type \"./main\" and hit enter to execute.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces/CF1325-D2-F.cpp\nURL: https://github.com/farmerboy95/CompetitiveProgramming/blob/master/Codeforces/CF1325-D2-F.cpp\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n# Codeforces/CF1325-D2-F.cpp\n...\n/*\n Author: Nguyen Tan Bao\n Status: AC\n Idea:\n - Our graph is undirected, so there are only 2 kinds of edge: Forward edge and Back edge.\n - Let sq denote ceil(sqrt(n))\n - Let's take the DFS tree of our graph. Assume you're currently in node u in the DFS. \n If u has sq-1 or more back-edges, look at the one that connects u to its furthest \n ancestor. It forms a cycle of length at least sq. If u doesn't have that many back-edges, \n you can add it to the independent set (if none of its neighbors was added). That way, \n if you don't find a cycle, every node only blocks at most sq−1 other nodes, the ones \n connected to it by a back-edge, so you'll find an independent set!\n - Mainly from https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/74235\n...\nconst ld PI = acos(-1.0);\nconst int dx[4] = {1,0,-1,0}, dy[4] = {0,1,0,-1};\nconst ld EPS = 1e-9;\nconst ll MODBASE = 1000000007LL;\nconst int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;\n\nconst int MAXN = 100010;\nconst int MAXM = 1000;\nconst int MAXK = 16;\nconst int MAXQ = 200010;\n\nint n, m, sq, depth[MAXN], marked[MAXN];\nvi a[MAXN], s;\n\nvoid dfs(int u, int p) {\n s.push_back(u);\n TRAV(v, a[u]) {\n if (depth[v] == 0) {\n depth[v] = depth[u] + 1;\n dfs(v, u);\n } else {\n if (depth[u] - depth[v] + 1 >= sq) {\n cout << 2 << \"\\n\";\n cout << depth[u] - depth[v] + 1 << \"\\n\";\n FOR(j,depth[v]-1,depth[u]-1) cout << s[j] << \" \";\n exit(0);\n }\n }\n }\n if (!marked[u]) {\n FOR(i,0,SZ(a[u])-1) {\n int v = a[u][i];\n marked[v] = 1;\n }\n }\n s.pop_back();\n}\n...\nint main() {\n ios::sync_with_stdio(0);\n cin.tie(nullptr);\n cin >> n >> m;\n FOR(i,1,m) {\n int u, v;\n cin >> u >> v;\n a[u].push_back(v);\n a[v].push_back(u);\n }\n\n sq = 1;\n while (sq * sq < n) {\n sq++;\n }\n\n depth[1] = 1;\n dfs(1, 0);\n\n cout << \"1\\n\";\n FOR(i,1,n)\n if (!marked[i] && sq) {\n sq--;\n cout << i << \" \";\n }\n return 0;\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: PS/AtCoder/ABC257 - NS Solutions Corporation Programming Contest 2022（AtCoder Beginner Contest 257） at main · Cube219/PS · GitHub\nURL: https://github.com/Cube219/PS/tree/main/AtCoder/ABC257%20-%20NS%20Solutions%20Corporation%20Programming%20Contest%202022%EF%BC%88AtCoder%20Beginner%20Contest%20257%EF%BC%89\nPublished: 2021-01-20T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: Cube219\nHighlights:\nCoder/ABC257 - NS Solutions Corporation Programming Contest 2022（AtCoder Beginner Contest 2\n...\n# ABC257 - NS Solutions Corporation Programming Contest 2022（AtCoder Beginner Contest 257）\n...\n# ABC257 - NS Solutions Corporation Programming Contest 2022（AtCoder Beginner Contest 257）\n...\nA - A to Z String 2.cpp\n...\nA - A to Z String 2.cpp\n...\nF - Teleporter Setting.cpp\n...\nF - Teleporter Setting.cpp\n\n---\n\nTitle: hieplpvip/cses-solutions\nURL: https://github.com/hieplpvip/cses-solutions/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCSES Solutions\n...\nMy own solutions to the [CSES Problem Set](https://cses.fi/problemset/)\n\n---\n\nTitle: Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests...\nURL: https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M\nPublished: 2016-09-20T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: colinsongf\nHighlights:\nGitHub - colinsongf/F2M: A high performance C++ implementation of FM (Factorization Machine) and FFM (Field-Aware Factorization Machine).\n[Skip to content](#start-of-content)\n## Navigation Menu\nToggle navigation\n...\n*\nA high performance C++ implementation of FM (Factorization Machine) and FFM (Field-Aware Factorization Machine).\n...\n|\n|\n[demo](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/tree/master/demo)\n|\n[demo](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/tree/master/demo)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\n[doc](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/tree/master/doc)\n|\n[doc](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/tree/master/doc)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\n[src](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/tree/master/src)\n|\n[src](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/tree/master/src)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\n[.gitignore](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/.gitignore)\n|\n[.gitignore](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/.gitignore)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\n[CMakeLists.txt](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt)\n|\n[CMakeLists.txt](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/CMakeLists.txt)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\n[LICENSE](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/LICENSE)\n|\n[LICENSE](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/LICENSE)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\n[README.md](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/README.md)\n|\n[README\n...\nmd](https://github.com/colinsongf/F2M/blob/master/README.md)\n|\n \n|\n \n|\n|\nView all files\n|\n## Repository files navigation\n# F2\n...\nA high performance C++ implementation of FM (Factorization Machine) and FFM (Field-Aware Factorization Machine).\n## About\nA high performance C++ implementation of FM (Factorization Machine) and FFM (Field-Aware Factorization Machine).\n### Resources",
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              "query": "Codeforces 2257 F2 solution segment tree matrix block 16 accepted",
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            "output": "Title: 2257D - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156067\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nEven though S is large, the upper bound for the number of factors for S is 2^(log n/ log log n) (thank you srvntofthejudge for the correction!). For every factor, figure out how much area the rectangle X by Y would be when X is equal to the factor, and Y is equal to S/X. However, because of overlaps, you must remove the previous overlaps of smaller factors.\n...\nThen, for every query, you use binary search and segment trees to figure out the answer. If you want to know the specifics of how I do it, let me know!\n...\n0 \n\nJust a minor correction, The upper bound is O(2^(log n/ log log n)) which is far tinier\n...\nEssentially, try imagining the shape of covered squares. It looks like a staircase where the height of each is 1/(factor) of the original number.\n...\nfor a rectangle (x, y), any towers in the staircase that go beyond y can be counted via width * height. any towers in the staircase that don't go beyond y can be counted simply via a prefix sum. you can binary search on factors to find this point, making the sqrt S cost of factor inding dominate. it wnds up being O(sqrt S) or to be more accurate O(sqrt S + k log 2^O(log s / log log s))\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) Editorial\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058\nPublished: 2026-08-17T18:35:40.083Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n2257F2\n...\nSurprisingly, the main problem with the solution from F1 is memory, not time. A segment tree stores $$$\\mathcal{O}(n)$$$ matrices, each containing $$$x^2$$$ values. For $$$x=10$$$, this does not fit into the memory limit.\n...\nTo reduce memory usage, divide the platforms into blocks of size $$$B$$$ (for example, $$$B=16$$$). For each block, calculate the matrix of the entire block using the same merging formula as in F1. Then build a segment tree only over these block matrices.\n...\nFor a query, at most two blocks are only partially covered by the required range. Process the platforms in these blocks separately, and use the segment tree to combine all blocks that are fully covered. After an update, recalculate the matrix of the affected block and update it in the segment tree.\n...\nFor a block size $$$B$$$, the memory complexity is $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(n+\\frac{n}{B}x^2\\right)$$$.\n...\nEach query takes $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(Bx^2+x^3\\log\\frac{n}{B}\\right)$$$.\n\nАnd each update takes $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(Bx^3+x^3\\log\\frac{n}{B}\\right)$$$.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Dp Transition related queries using Segment Tree - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/139260\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nDp Transition related queries using Segment Tree - Codeforces\n...\nDp Transition related queries using Segment Tree\n...\n##### Solution Idea:\n...\n- We shall think on some new ways to represent these DP Transitions, and Matrices comes to rescue.\n...\n- The idea of the solution is based on Matrix Exponentiation where we represent the transitions between Dp[i] and Dp[i+1] in a $$$K * K$$$ matrix.\n- Now the final Dp values is the product of all N matrices.\n...\n- So for every query, we need to change a matrix at $$$i^{th}$$$ position, and recalculate the product of all matrices.\n...\n- This can be done with the help of Segment-Tree where we maintain a $$$K * K$$$ matrix in each node representing the product of matrices covered by the segment. Every change in transition is a point update and the root node of Segment Tree reveals the final Dp values which we are interested in.\n\n---\n\nTitle: HSAHRBNUOJ/P38xx/P3875.cpp\nURL: https://github.com/HeRaNO/OI-ICPC-Codes/blob/master/HSAHRBNUOJ/P38xx/P3875.cpp\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nstruct SegmentTree\n{\n int p, r, m;\n matrix mul;\n};\n...\nSegmentTree tree[1 << 17];\n...\nmatrix KSM(matrix x, long long k)\n{\n matrix ans = E;\n while (k)\n {\n if (k & 1) ans = ans * x;\n x = x * x;\n k >>= 1LL;\n }\n return ans;\n}\n...\ninline void Build_A_Tree(int u)\n{\n if (tree[u].p + 1 == tree[u].r)\n {\n tree[u].mul.m[0][0] = 0;\n tree[u].mul.m[0][1] = a[tree[u].p];\n tree[u].mul.m[1][0] = 1;\n tree[u].mul.m[1][1] = a[tree[u].r];\n return ;\n }\n tree[u].m = tree[u].p + tree[u].r >> 1;\n tree[u << 1].p = tree[u].p;\n tree[u << 1].r = tree[u].m;\n Build_A_Tree(u << 1);\n tree[u << 1 | 1].p = tree[u].m;\n tree[u << 1 | 1].r = tree[u].r;\n Build_A_Tree(u << 1 | 1);\n tree[u].mul = tree[u << 1].mul * tree[u << 1 | 1].mul;\n return ;\n}\n...\ninline matrix query(int u, int l, int r)\n{\n if (tree[u].p == l && tree[u].r == r) return tree[u].mul;\n if (tree[u].m >= r) return query(u << 1, l, r);\n else if (tree[u].m <= l) return query(u << 1 | 1, l, r);\n else return query(u << 1, l, tree[u].m) * query(u << 1 | 1, tree[u].m, r);\n}\n...\ninline matrix make_matrix(long long l, long long r)\n{\n if (l == r) return E;\n long long blockl = l / n, blockr = r / n;\n int tl = l % n, tr = r % n;\n if (!tr) tr = n, blockr--;\n if (blockl == blockr) return query(1, tl, tr);\n return query(1, tl, n) * KSM(tree[1].mul, blockr - blockl - 1) * query(1, 0, tr);\n}\n...\nint main()\n{\n //freopen(\"sequence.in\",\"r\",stdin);freopen(\"sequence.out\",\"w\",stdout);\n E.m[0][0] = E.m[1][1] = 1;\n ans.m[0][1] = 1;\n read(k);\n read(MOD);\n read(n);\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) read(a[i]);\n a[n] = a[0];\n read(T);\n for (int i = 1; i <= T; i++) read(c[i].first), read(c[i].second);\n sort(c + 1, c + T + 1);\n tree[1].p = 0;\n tree[1].r = n;\n Build_A_Tree(1);\n for (int i = 1; i <= T;)\n {\n if (c[i].first > k) break;\n ans = ans * make_matrix(pos, c[i].first - 1);\n pos = c[i].first;\n t.m[0][0] = 0;\n t.m[0][1] = a[(c[i].first - 1) % n];\n t.m[1][0] = 1;\n t.m[1][1] = c[i].second;\n ans = ans * t;\n i++;\n while (i <= T && c[i].first == c[i - 1].first + 1)\n {\n t.m[0][1] = t.m[1][1];\n t.m[1][1] = c[i].second;\n ans = ans * t;\n i++;\n pos++;\n }\n if (pos == k - 1) break;\n t.m[0][1] = t.m[1][1];\n t.m[1][1] = a[(pos + 1) % n];\n ans = ans * t;\n pos++;\n }\n ans = ans * make_matrix(pos, k - 1);\n printf(\"%lld\\n\", ans.m[0][1]);\n return 0;\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) - kmjp's blog\nURL: https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1000\nPublished: 2026-08-20T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: kmjp\nHighlights:\nN個の島からなる双六を考える。 各島iにはセル数D[i]とペナルティS[i]が指定される。\n...\n各島のセルは左右一列に並んでいる。 この時、先頭の島の左端から初めて最後の島の右端のセルに移動することを考える。 パラメータXが与えられており、１手で1～Xマスだけ進んだセルに移動できる。 その際、移動元と移動先が同じ島だと、ペナルティS[i]が課される。\n...\n次答えよ。\n...\n- D[i]を１か所更新する\n- S[i]を１か所更新する\n- 島の区間が指定される。その間で、先頭マスから末尾のマスに至る最小ペナルティを答えよ。\n...\nEasyだとXが小さい。 その場合、SegTreeに、島に入るとき初手でスタートから何マス目のセルに入るか、そして最後終端から何マス手前のセルを通るかX^2通り状態を持ち、それぞれのコストを載せる。 あとはこの情報を合成していけば、良い。\n...\nHardだとXが大きいため、セル毎にX^2通りの状態を持つとメモリがあふれる。 そこで、島B個毎にブロックを分け、SegTreeにはブロック毎にX^2通りの情報を持たせよう。そうすればメモリ使用量が1/Bになる。 代わりに更新クエリの場合は、島B個分の状態を合成しないといけないが、それでも十分間に合う。\n...\narray<array<ll,10>,10> merge(array<array<ll,10>,10> L,array<array<ll,10>,10> R) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10>,10> M;\n\tint l1,r1,l2,r2;\n\tFOR(l1,X)  FOR(r2,X) {\n\t\tM[l1][r2]=1LL<<60;\n\t\tFOR(l2,X) chmin(M[l1][r2],L[l1][X-1-l2]+R[l2][r2]);\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\n...\ntemplate<class V,int NV> class SegTree_ma {\npublic:\n\tvector<V> val;\n\t\n\tSegTree_ma(){val=vector<V>(NV*2);};\n\tV getval(int x,int y,int l=0,int r=NV,int k=1) { // x<=i<y\n\t\tif(x<=l && r<=y) return val[k];\n\t\tif(y<=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k*2);\n\t\tif(x>=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k*2+1);\n\t\treturn merge(getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k*2),getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k*2+1));\n\t}\n\tvoid update(int entry, V v) {\n\t\tentry += NV;\n\t\tval[entry]=v;\n\t\twhile(entry>1) entry>>=1, val[entry]=merge(val[entry*2],val[entry*2+1]);\n\t}\n};\n...\nSegTree_ma<array<array<ll,10>,10>,1<<16> st;\n\nint D[1<<20],S[1<<20];\n\nconst int B=16;\n\narray<array<ll,10>,10> create(int d,int p) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10>,10> M;\n\tint x,y;\n\tFOR(x,X) FOR(y,X) {\n\t\tM[x][y]=(d-y)-(x+1);\n\t\tif(M[x][y]<=0) M[x][y]=0;\n\t\telse M[x][y]=(M[x][y]+X-1)/X*p;\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\n...\narray<array<ll,10>,10> merge(int L,int R) {\n\tauto V=create(D[L],S[L]);\n\tfor(int i=L+1;i<R;i++) {\n\t\tauto W=create(D[i],S[i]);\n\t\tV=merge(V,W);\n\t}\n\treturn V;\n}\n...\nvoid solve() {\n\tint i,j,k,l,r,x,y; string s;\n\t\n\tcin>>N>>Q>>X;\n\tFOR(i,N) cin>>D[i];\n\tFOR(i,N) cin>>S[i];\n\t\n\tFOR(i,N/B+1) {\n\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t}\n\twhile(Q--) {\n\t\tcin>>s;\n\t\tif(s==\"1\") {\n\t\t\tcin>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tD[i-1]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"2\") {\n\t\t\tcin>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tS[i-1]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t\t\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"?\") {\n\t\t\tint L,R;\n\t\t\tcin>>L>>R;\n\t\t\tL--;\n\t\t\tauto p=create(D[L],S[L]);\n\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\twhile(L<R&&L%B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D[L],S[L]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tif(L/B!=R/B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,st.getval(L/B,R/B));\n\t\t\t\tL=R/B*B;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\twhile(L<R) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D[L],S[L]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tcout<<p[0][0]<<endl;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: #1112040 (C++17) No.3227 Matrix Query - yukicoder\nURL: https://yukicoder.me/submissions/1112040\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n| 問題 | No.3227 Matrix Query |\n| --- | --- |\n| コンテスト | |\n| ユーザー | このユーザーの提出の表示 yutas |\n| 提出日時 | 2025-08-13 16:22:27 |\n| 言語 | C++17 (gcc 15.2.0 + boost 1.90.0) コンパイル: `g++-15 -O2 -lm -std=c++17 -Wuninitialized -DONLINE_JUDGE -o a.out _filename_` 実行: `./a.out` |\n| 結果 | AC |\n| 実行時間 | 1,183 ms / 8,000 ms |\n| | + 346µs |\n| コード長 | 2,443 bytes |\n| 記録 記録タグの例: 初AC ショートコード 純ショートコード 純主流ショートコード 最速実行時間 | |\n| コンパイル時間 | 1,486 ms |\n| コンパイル使用メモリ | 226,476 KB |\n| 実行使用メモリ | 23,168 KB |\n| 最終ジャッジ日時 |\n...\n2026-07-14 00:07:33 |\n| 合計ジャッジ時間 |\n...\n22,967 ms |\n| ジャッジサーバーID（参考情報） | judge2_0 / judge3_0 |\n...\nstruct SegmentTree {\nprivate:\n  int n;\n  vector<Mat> node;\n\npublic:\n  SegmentTree(int sz) {\n    n = 1;\n    while (n < sz) {\n      n *= 2;\n    }\n    node.resize(2 * n - 1, {{0, 0}, {0, 0}});\n  }\n\n  void insert(int idx, Mat m, ll mod) {\n    idx += n - 1;\n    node[idx] = m;\n    while (idx > 0) {\n      idx = (idx - 1) / 2;\n      node[idx] = my_calc(node[2 * idx + 1], node[2 * idx + 2], mod);\n    }\n    return;\n  }\n\n  Mat solve(int a, int b, ll mod, int idx = 0, int l = 0, int r = -1) {\n    if (r == -1) {\n      r = n;\n    }\n    if (b <= l || r <= a) {\n      return {{1, 0}, {0, 1}};\n    }\n    if (a <= l && r <= b) {\n      return node[idx];\n    }\n    return my_calc(solve(a, b, mod, 2 * idx + 1, l, (l + r) / 2),\n                   solve(a, b, mod, 2 * idx + 2, (l + r) / 2, r), mod);\n  }\n};\n...\nint main() {\n  cin >> mod >> n;\n  SegmentTree tree(n + 5);\n\n  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {\n    for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {\n      for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) {\n        cin >> a[j][k];\n      }\n    }\n    tree.insert(i, a, mod);\n  }\n\n  cin >> q;\n  for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) {\n    int idx, l, r;\n    cin >> idx >> l >> r;\n    for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {\n      for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++) {\n        cin >> a[j][k];\n      }\n    }\n    tree.insert(idx, a, mod);\n    ans[i] = tree.solve(l, r + 1, mod);\n  }\n\n  for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++) {\n    for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {\n      cout << ans[i][j][0] << \" \" << ans[i][j][1] << endl;\n    }\n  }\n\n  return 0;\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: [Tutorial]Using Segment Trees to solve Dynamic ...\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/101210\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nOne way to implement this solution is to maintain a matrix $$$dp(i, j)$$$ and process it line by line, column by column. It would be highly inefficient to keep the whole matrix in memory at all times. Since the $$$i$$$-th line of the matrix depends only on the $$$i - 1$$$-th line of the matrix, let's try keeping in memory only the previous line and the current line. Note that this is a common trick to reduce memory usage in dynamic programming problems.\n...\nline $$$i$$$ is extremely\n...\nto line $$$i - 1$$$. In\n...\n, they differ in at most one position\n...\nThat position is $$$dp(i, v_i)$$\n...\nIt would be a shame to copy the whole line just to change one number in it, so let's keep in memory only one line and modify it accordingly. According to our\n...\nvalue of $$$dp(i, v_i)$$$ is equal to one plus the maximum on the prefix $$$[1, v_i - 1]$$$. For an example of how those values change consider the array $$$v = [5, 2, 3, 2, 4, 1, 7, 6]$$$ and check out the following animation (Yellow means query on prefix, red means update on position):\n...\nSo, let's review, we need a data structure that allows us to both query the maximum on a prefix and update a value at a certain position. A simple segment tree is perfect for this job.\n...\nOnce again, we could maintain a tridimensional-array, however that would be highly inefficient. We can observe that the elements with the first dimension $$$i$$$ depend only on elements with the first dimension $$$i - 1$$$. As before, we can reduce memory usage by maintaining only one matrix. We can also observe that since most of the time $$$dp(i, j, h)$$$ is equal to $$$dp(i -1, j, h)$$$, the elements in the matrix rarely change. Since the necessary operations are finding the sum on the prefix of a line and updating an arbitrary value in the matrix, we can maintain it using an array of segment trees. This allows us to solve the above problem in $$$O(NKlogN)$$$ time complexity and with $$$O(NK)$$$ memory.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Segment Tree: from theory to practice - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/140811\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nIf you have been solving Div1-Div2 problems on Codeforces for a long time, you have probably heard about segment tree. It may sound scary and confusing to some people, but in fact it is a very useful data structure. To put it simply, a segment tree — is a binary tree whose nodes store aggregated data about some segment of an array. Due to this tree structure we can quickly respond to queries about arbitrary array segments, and not only respond, but also update elements.\n...\nLet's take the problem 2075F - Beautiful Sequence Returns from the recent contest Educational Codeforces Round 176 (Rated for Div. 2) as an example, solving it using a segment tree and drawing an analogy in comparison with a head-on solution.\n...\nLet's consider the solution to this problem from wishgoodluck— 311252841. The idea of this algorithm is based on an “event-driven approach”. We precompute two arrays (let's call them l and r) that capture important edges in the original sequence. These arrays help to determine for which segments there is a “change” (an increase or decrease in the contribution to the final answer). Then an event vector is formed — each element of this vector specifies that some value should be added or removed at a certain segment. Finally, the final length of the desired sequence is obtained as the maximum total change.\n...\nThe key challenge is to quickly and efficiently handle the multitude of events that affect the index ranges. This is exactly what a segment tree is used for.\n...\nIn this solution, the segment tree is used for two operations:\n...\n- Range Update. Each event from vector v specifies that either +1 or -1 should be added on the segment [l,r]. A segment tree with lazy updates allows for O(log n) per event to update the entire segment at once, without going through each element separately.\n...\n- Range Query. After each update we need to quickly find out what is the maximum value on the whole range. The root of the tree (Tree[1].v) always stores the maximum among all elements. This allows us to know instantly (in O(1) after O(log n) updates) the current optimal value, which is then used to compute the answer.\n...\nThus, the segment tree here acts as an “aggregator” of all events, accumulating their influence on the given segments and allowing us to quickly find the maximum.\n...\nImagine a problem where we need to update all elements of a segment at each step for each event. If the range has length m\n...\nO(m) operations\n...\nO(n) events, we get\n...\n(n^2) operations.\n...\nwill quickly become time unacceptable even for medium-sized input data.\n...\nIn contrast, the segmental tree allows whole ranges to be updated in O(log n) due to lazy propagation. Thus, even if there are many events, the overall complexity becomes O(n*log n).\n...\n- Choosing between Fenwick (BIT) and segment tree. They are often interchangeable for simple problems on sums, ordinal statistics. Fenwick is easier to code and requires memory, but the segment tree is more versatile, supporting complex merge operations. If the problem allows Fenwick and you don't want to spend time implementing the tree — go ahead with Fenwick, but segment tree — must know for Div1-Div2 level.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codeforces/1114F.cpp\nURL: https://github.com/HeRaNO/OI-ICPC-Codes/blob/master/Codeforces/1114F.cpp\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n6,10619\n...\n692,\n...\n19685044,809160312,941605847,395683457,469798662,516556296,6\n...\n605\n...\n325\n...\n7815704};\n...\nstruct SegmentTree\n{\n int p,r,m;\n long long mul,x,lazy,xl;\n};\n...\nSegmentTree tree[1<<20];\nint n,T,o,l,r,x,a[400010];long long s[301];\n...\nvoid BuildTree(int u)\n{\n tree[u].lazy=1;\n if (tree[u].p+1==tree[u].r)\n {\n tree[u].x=s[a[tree[u].p]];tree[u].mul=a[tree[u].p];\n return ;\n }\n tree[u].m=tree[u].p+tree[u].r>>1;\n tree[u<<1].p=tree[u].p;tree[u<<1].r=tree[u].m;BuildTree(u<<1);\n tree[u<<1|1].p=tree[u].m;tree[u<<1|1].r=tree[u].r;BuildTree(u<<1|1);\n tree[u].mul=(tree[u<<1].mul*tree[u<<1|1].mul)%P;\n tree[u].x=tree[u<<1].x|tree[u<<1|1].x;\n return ;\n}\n...\ninline void PushDown(int u)\n{\n if (tree[u].lazy==1&&tree[u].xl==0) return ;\n (tree[u<<1].mul*=qpow(tree[u].lazy,tree[u<<1].r-tree[u<<1].p))%=P;\n (tree[u<<1].lazy*=tree[u].lazy)%=P;\n tree[u<<1].x|=tree[u].xl;tree[u<<1].xl|=tree[u].xl;\n (tree[u<<1|1].mul*=qpow(tree[u].lazy,tree[u<<1|1].r-tree[u<<1|1].p))%=P;\n (tree[u<<1|1].lazy*=tree[u].lazy)%=P;\n tree[u<<1|1].x|=tree[u].xl;tree[u<<1|1].xl|=tree[u].xl;\n tree[u].lazy=1;tree[u].xl=0;\n return ;\n}\n...\nvoid modify(int u,int l,int r,long long x)\n{\n if (tree[u].p==l&&tree[u].r==r)\n {\n tree[u].x|=s[x];tree[u].xl|=s[x];\n (tree[u].mul*=qpow(x,r-l))%=P;(tree[u].lazy*=x)%=P;\n return ;\n }\n PushDown(u);\n if (r<=tree[u].m) modify(u<<1,l,r,x);\n else if (tree[u].m<=l) modify(u<<1|1,l,r,x);\n else\n {\n modify(u<<1,l,tree[u].m,x);\n modify(u<<1|1,tree[u].m,r,x);\n }\n tree[u].mul=(tree[u<<1].mul*tree[u<<1|1].mul)%P;\n tree[u].x=tree[u<<1].x|tree[u<<1|1].x;\n return ;\n}\n...\npair query(int u,int l,int r)\n{\n if (tree[u].p==l&&tree[u].r==r) return make_pair(tree[u].x,tree[u].mul);\n PushDown(u);\n if (r<=tree[u].m) return query(u<<1,l,r);\n else if (tree[u].m<=l) return query(u<<1|1,l,r);\n else\n {\n pair a=query(u<<1,l,tree[u].m),b=query(u<<1|1,tree[u].m,r);\n return make_pair(a.first|b.first,a.second*b.second%P);\n }\n}\n...\nint main()\n{\n for (int x=2,p;x<=300;x++)\n for (int i=0,p=x;i<62&&p!=1;i++)\n if (!(p%c[i]))\n {\n s[x]|=(1LL<<i);s[x]|=(1LL<<i);\n while (!(p%c[i])) p/=c[i];\n }\n read(n);read(T);\n for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) read(a[i]);\n tree[1].p=1;tree[1].r=n+1;BuildTree(1);\n while (T--)\n {\n read(o);read(l);read(r);\n if (o)\n {\n pair x=query(1,l,r+1);\n for (int i=0;i<62;i++)\n if (x.first&(1LL<<i)) (x.second*=p[i])%=P;\n printf(\"%I64d\\n\",x.second);\n }\n else\n {\n read(x);modify(1,l,r+1,x);\n }\n }\n return 0;\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: #676083 (C++17) No.1597 Matrix Sort - yukicoder\nURL: https://yukicoder.me/submissions/676083\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n#676083 (C++17) No.1597 Matrix Sort - yukicoder\n...\n| 問題 | No.15\n...\n7 Matrix Sort |\n| --- | --- |\n| コンテスト |\n|\n...\nユーザー | この\n...\nの提出の表示 sak |\n...\n| 提出日時\n...\n21-\n...\n22:07\n...\n|\n| 結果 |\n...\n| 実行時間 |\n...\n797 ms / 1,\n...\n|\n| コード長 |\n...\n2,265\n...\nコンパイル時間 | 1,547\n...\n|\n| コンパイル使用メモリ | 215,920 KB |\n| 実行使用メモリ |\n...\n267,136 KB |\n...\n最終ジャッジ日時 |\n...\n15:14:\n...\n合計ジャ\n...\n352\n...\nstruct SegTree {\n  ll size;\n  vector<ll> pos;\n  SegTree(ll N) { size = 1; while(size<N) size<<=1; pos.resize(2*size,0); }\n  ll operator[](const ll &x) const { return pos[x+size]; }\n\n  void set(ll x, const ll v) { pos[x+size] = v; }\n  void update(ll x, const ll v) { set(x,v); x+=size; while (x>>=1) operate(x); }\n  ll query(ll a, ll b) {\n    ll L = 0, R = 0;\n    for (a+=size, b+=size; a<b; a>>=1, b>>=1) {\n      if (a&1) { L = q(L,pos[a]); a++; }\n      if (b&1) { b--; R = q(pos[b],R); }\n    }\n    return q(L,R);\n  }\n  void operate(ll i) { pos[i] = q(pos[i*2], pos[i*2+1]); }\n  ll q(ll x, ll y) { return x + y; }\n};\n...\nint main() {\n  ll N, K, P; cin >> N >> K >> P;\n  ll A[N]; rep(i,N) cin >> A[i];\n  ll B[N]; rep(i,N) cin >> B[i];\n\n  SegTree st(P); rep(i,N) st.update(B[i],st[B[i]]+1);\n  // rep(mid,P) {\n  //   ll cnt = 0;\n  //   rep(i,N) {\n  //     if (A[i]<=mid) cnt += st.query(mid-A[i],P-A[i]);\n  //     else cnt += st.query(0,P-A[i]) + st.query(P+mid-A[i],P);\n  //   }\n  //   cout << mid << \":\" << cnt << endl;\n  // }\n\n  ll l = 0, r = P-1;\n  while (l!=r) {\n    ll mid = (l+r+1)/2;\n    ll cnt = 0;\n    rep(i,N) {\n      if (A[i]<=mid) cnt += st.query(mid-A[i],P-A[i]);\n      else cnt += st.query(0,P-A[i]) + st.query(P+mid-A[i],P);\n    }\n    if (cnt>=N*N-K+1) l = mid;\n    else r = mid-1;\n  }\n  ll result = l;\n  cout << result << endl;\n  return 0;\n}",
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            "output": "---\nimage: //codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\ntitle: Codeforces\ndescription: Codeforces. Programming competitions and contests, programming community\n---\n\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\"> \n\n  \n[![Codeforces](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png \"Codeforces\")](https://codeforces.com/) \n\n[![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\")](https://codeforces.com/?locale=en) [![По-русски](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/ru.png \"По-русски\")](https://codeforces.com/?locale=ru) \n\n[Enter](https://codeforces.com/enter?back=%2F)| [Register](https://codeforces.com/register) \n\n  \n* [Home](https://codeforces.com/)\n* [Top](https://codeforces.com/top)\n* [Catalog](https://codeforces.com/catalog)\n* [Contests](https://codeforces.com/contests)\n* [Gym](https://codeforces.com/gyms)\n* [Problemset](https://codeforces.com/problemset)\n* [Groups](https://codeforces.com/groups)\n* [Rating](https://codeforces.com/ratings)\n* 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[Tagl](https://codeforces.com/profile/Tagl \"Expert Tagl\") → [ICPC Europe Women's Programming Contest Finals](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156181) ![New comment\\(s\\)](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/comment-12x12.png \"New comment(s)\")\n* [\\_tran.haian\\_0317.](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5Ftran.haian%5F0317. \"Candidate Master _tran.haian_0317.\") → [Road to Expert](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/143734) ![New comment\\(s\\)](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/comment-12x12.png \"New comment(s)\") ![Necropost](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/hourglass.png \"Necropost\")\n* [htoshiro](https://codeforces.com/profile/htoshiro \"Expert htoshiro\") → [dp on a functional graph](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156005) ![New comment\\(s\\)](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/comment-12x12.png \"New comment(s)\")\n* [MateoCV](https://codeforces.com/profile/MateoCV \"Master MateoCV\") → [\\[GYM\\] 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\"Expert dino_merlin\") → [Finally specialist again after 3 long, horrible, exruciating years](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155100) ![New comment\\(s\\)](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/comment-12x12.png \"New comment(s)\")\n* [jay\\_jayjay](https://codeforces.com/profile/jay%5Fjayjay \"Master jay_jayjay\") → [TeamsCode Summer 2026 Virtual Programming Contest](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155979) ![New comment\\(s\\)](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/comment-12x12.png \"New comment(s)\")\n\n|  | [Detailed →](https://codeforces.com/recent-actions) |\n|  | --------------------------------------------------- |\n\n[ ICPC Challenge powered by Huawei ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155646) \n\nBy [ICPCNews](https://codeforces.com/profile/ICPCNews \"Unrated, ICPCNews\"), 3 weeks ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\n![text](https://codeforces.com/predownloaded/af/22/af228fee1abb015217d8c524de74898aeff36419.png)\n\n#### Hello, Codeforces!\n\nWe are happy to invite you to an exciting online event: **ICPC Online Challenge powered by Huawei**.\n\n#### This Challenge features the problem\n\nScheduling Algorithm for Collaborative Inference System With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, large language model (LLM) services are becoming increasingly integrated into people’s daily lives and work. At the same time, the economic efficiency and data security of these services are receiving greater attention.\n\n**Edge-Cloud Collaborative Inference** has emerged as a promising approach to addressing these challenges. In this architecture, LLM inference is divided between a user’s on-premises edge environment and the cloud. Using a U-shaped split, the first and last layers of the model run on the edge, while the computationally intensive middle layers run in the cloud. This allows private inputs and outputs to remain on the user’s side while cloud resources are used for the heavier computation.\n\nHowever, this architecture requires repeated interaction between the edge and the cloud during both the prefill and decoding stages. When requests are processed sequentially, these interactions can create “bubbles”—periods in which computing resources remain idle while waiting for other parts of the system.\n\nYour challenge is to design a **concurrent scheduling strategy** that:\n\n* maximizes overall system throughput; and\n* ensures that every request satisfies its latency Service Level Objective (SLO).\n\nParticipants will need to carefully coordinate computation and communication across the edge and cloud while balancing throughput and per-request latency requirements.\n\nWe hope you will enjoy this challenging optimization problem inspired by real-world AI infrastructure.\n\n**Start:** August 14, 2026 11:00 UTC (UTC+0)\n\n**Finish:** August 28, 2026 10:59 UTC (UTC+0)\n\n[REGISTER](https://codeforces.com/contestRegistration/2251) \n\n#### Prizes\n\n| Rank                                                                                                                                                                                           | Prize                                                                                                                                                                                   |\n| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Grand Prize (Rank 1)                                                                                                                                                                           | € 12 000 EUR + [ travel and an invitation to the the 50th Annual ICPC World Finals in a guest role](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nbqIxp13MKrxoIn5hbA3TCV%5F9ah4b1kVXs1Z291KnOk/) |\n| First Prize (Rank 2-6)                                                                                                                                                                         | € 8,000 EUR                                                                                                                                                                             |\n| Second Prize (Rank 7-16)                                                                                                                                                                       | € 3,000 EUR                                                                                                                                                                             |\n| Third Prize (Rank 17-50):                                                                                                                                                                      | € 800 EUR                                                                                                                                                                               |\n| \\* If the allocated Huawei Challenge prize cannot be delivered to your region for any reason it may be replaced by another prize (if no legal restrictions), at the discretion of the Sponsor. |                                                                                                                                                                                         |\n\nBy participating in this Challenge, you agree to the official [Rules](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1y%5FU1fJpahNUthKYFg1o3E2n99lO1tm7cyjf7%5FNrGJSo/edit?usp=sharing).\n\nThe use of AI tools, including generative AI and AI-assisted coding tools, is permitted during the Challenge. Participants remain fully responsible for the correctness, originality, and compliance of their submissions with all applicable rules.\n\nTo be eligible for a prize, you must register through: <https://icpc.global/regionals/finder/ICPC-Online-Challenge-2026>.\n\nIf you cannot access the rules document, please contact [manager@icpc.global](mailto:manager@icpc.global).\n\nGood luck, and we hope you enjoy this complex yet exciting Challenge!\n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155646) \n\n![Tags](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/tags.png \"Tags\") [icpc](https://codeforces.com/search?query=icpc), [programming](https://codeforces.com/search?query=programming), [icpc challenge](https://codeforces.com/search?query=icpc+challenge), [huawei](https://codeforces.com/search?query=huawei) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +143\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/ICPCNews) [ICPCNews ](https://codeforces.com/profile/ICPCNews)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 3 weeks ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155646#comments) [147 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155646#comments)\n\n  \n[ Pardis Technology Olympics 2026 — Algorithm & Data Tracks ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155873) \n\nBy [codern\\_org](https://codeforces.com/profile/codern%5Forg \"Unrated, codern_org\"), [history](https://codeforces.com/topic/156515/en11), 13 days ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\n![](https://codeforces.com/predownloaded/2a/15/2a152b93d403ac6b6679522f2358ed0cf864e2bb.png) \n\n💻 Are you ready to test your problem-solving skills and push your limits in the world of algorithms and data processing? The **Technology Olympics 2026** brings you two exciting competitions where creativity, logic, and technical mastery meet high-level challenges—and top teams win prizes!\n\n### 🎈 Algorithm Track\n\n* Preliminary Round (Online): Friday, September 25, 2026\n* Final Round (Onsite – Tehran, Iran): Wednesday, November 3, 2026\n* Closing Ceremony: Thursday, November 4, 2026\n\nThe problems were authored and prepared by [alireza\\_kaviani](https://codeforces.com/profile/alireza%5Fkaviani \"International Grandmaster alireza_kaviani\"), [eren\\_\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/eren%5F%5F \"Grandmaster eren__\"), [ArshiaDadras](https://codeforces.com/profile/ArshiaDadras \"Master ArshiaDadras\"), [AlefHeKaaf](https://codeforces.com/profile/AlefHeKaaf \"Candidate Master AlefHeKaaf\") and [AiPd](https://codeforces.com/profile/AiPd \"Grandmaster AiPd\").\n\n### 📊 Data Processing Track\n\n* Preliminary Round (Online – 24 Hours): Friday, September 11, 2026\n* Final Round (Onsite – Tehran, Iran): Thursday, November 4, 2026\n* Closing Ceremony: Thursday, November 4, 2026\n\n### 🏆 Prizes for Each Track\n\nTop 5 Teams in Preliminary Round:\n\n* Travel support to Tehran (up to $200 per person)\n* **Hotel accommodation** during the onsite final\n* Meals and refreshments during the event\n* Teams ranked 6th to 10th will also qualify for the onsite final\n\nCash prizes:\n\n* 🥇 1st: **$600**\n* 🥈 2nd: **$450**\n* 🥉 3rd: **$300**\n* 🏅 4th: **$250**\n* 🏅 5th: **$200**\n\nCash prizes will be awarded upon participation in the onsite final. Qualified international teams will also receive travel and accommodation support according to the rules of each track, including:\n\n* Travel support to Tehran (up to $200 per person)\n* Hotel accommodation during the onsite final\n* Meals and refreshments during the event\n* Teams ranked 6th to 10th will also qualify for the onsite final.\n* Qualified teams will be invited to an online briefing webinar before the final round, covering competition rules, travel arrangements, event schedules, submission procedures, evaluation criteria, and other logistical details.\n\n[Register Contest!](https://codern.org/international/contest#contests) \n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155873) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +82\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/codern%5Forg) [codern\\_org ](https://codeforces.com/profile/codern%5Forg)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 13 days ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155873#comments) [30 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155873#comments)\n\n  \n[ Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155915) \n\nBy [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\"), 12 days ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\n### Hello, Codeforces!\n\n**![](https://codeforces.com/predownloaded/cc/d0/ccd0458c062087cf5ebf529724552c8f401920c8.jpg)**\n\nWe are excited and pleased to announce that [Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257 \"Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)\") will be held on [Aug/17/2026 17:35 (Moscow time)](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=17&month=8&year=2026&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166). This round will be rated for all participants with rating below $$$2100$$$. You will be given $$$2$$$ hours to solve $$$6$$$ problems and some problems will be divided into subtasks. \n\nAll problems were authored and prepared by [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [oblememan](https://codeforces.com/profile/oblememan \"Master oblememan\") and me.\n\nWe are extremely grateful to these wonderful people:\n\n* [Akulyat](https://codeforces.com/profile/Akulyat \"Grandmaster Akulyat\") for coordinating the round and assistance in preparing problems;\n* [Um\\_nik](https://codeforces.com/profile/Um%5Fnik \"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\") for preliminary review of the round;\n* Our testers: [300iq](https://codeforces.com/profile/300iq \"International Grandmaster 300iq\"), [\\_\\_baozii\\_\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5F%5Fbaozii%5F%5F \"International Grandmaster __baozii__\"), [Tizz1e](https://codeforces.com/profile/Tizz1e \"Expert Tizz1e\"), [Friendiks](https://codeforces.com/profile/Friendiks \"Grandmaster Friendiks\"), [\\_icy\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5Ficy%5F \"Expert _icy_\"), [Wileyne](https://codeforces.com/profile/Wileyne \"Expert Wileyne\"), [Megnis](https://codeforces.com/profile/Megnis \"Newbie Megnis\"), [omsincoconut](https://codeforces.com/profile/omsincoconut \"Candidate Master omsincoconut\"), [\\_istil](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5Fistil \"Grandmaster _istil\"), [AksLolCoding](https://codeforces.com/profile/AksLolCoding \"Grandmaster AksLolCoding\"), [madlogic](https://codeforces.com/profile/madlogic \"Candidate Master madlogic\") for their time and effort in testing the problems.\n\nThe score distribution is below.\n\n$$$500-750-1250-1750−2250−(2750+1000)$$$\n\n**GLHF!**\n\n**UPD1** For those who were affected by the incorrect constraints on problem D and wish for the round not to affect their rating, please leave a comment stating \"I don't want the round to be rated for me\" in the \"Ask a question\" section found on the main contest page under the problems.  \nThis applies only to those who were genuinely affected, meaning you must have received a TL (or any other suitable verdict) for that problem.\n\n**UPD1.1** Requests are accepted until [Tuesday, August 18, 2026 at 12:00UTC](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=18&month=8&year=2026&hour=15&min=00&sec=0&p1=166) (please note the timezone).  \nThe rollback will be done after that. \n\n**UPD2** [Editorial](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058)\n\n**UPD3** Winners and First to solve\n\nOfficial participants:\n\n| Place | Participant                                                                                       |\n| ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 1     | [Payea](https://codeforces.com/profile/Payea \"Candidate Master Payea\")                            |\n| 2     | [azizs](https://codeforces.com/profile/azizs \"Candidate Master azizs\")                            |\n| 3     | [mahath\\_b.1](https://codeforces.com/profile/mahath%5Fb.1 \"Expert mahath_b.1\")                    |\n| 4     | [lady\\_\\_hunter](https://codeforces.com/profile/lady%5F%5Fhunter \"Candidate Master lady__hunter\") |\n| 5     | [naixinganhuoyyp](https://codeforces.com/profile/naixinganhuoyyp \"Expert naixinganhuoyyp\")        |\n\nUnofficial participants:\n\n| Place | Participant                                                                                 |\n| ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| 1     | [Zexistu](https://codeforces.com/profile/Zexistu \"Candidate Master Zexistu\")                |\n| 2     | [maspy](https://codeforces.com/profile/maspy \"Legendary Grandmaster maspy\")                 |\n| 3     | [PiGoat](https://codeforces.com/profile/PiGoat \"Master PiGoat\")                             |\n| 4     | [potato167](https://codeforces.com/profile/potato167 \"International Grandmaster potato167\") |\n| 5     | [xl123](https://codeforces.com/profile/xl123 \"Newbie xl123\")                                |\n\nFirst to solve:\n\n| Task | Participant                                                                                  |\n| ---- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |\n| A    | [veizxz\\_\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/veizxz%5F%5F \"Unrated, veizxz__\")                |\n| B    | [wangzeyu2013](https://codeforces.com/profile/wangzeyu2013 \"Candidate Master wangzeyu2013\")  |\n| C    | [Zexistu](https://codeforces.com/profile/Zexistu \"Candidate Master Zexistu\")                 |\n| D    | [Gouransh06](https://codeforces.com/profile/Gouransh06 \"Unrated, Gouransh06\")                |\n| E    | [IBACKFORREVENGE](https://codeforces.com/profile/IBACKFORREVENGE \"Unrated, IBACKFORREVENGE\") |\n| F1   | [NDesku](https://codeforces.com/profile/NDesku \"Candidate Master NDesku\")                    |\n| F2   | [hungcubuso1vn](https://codeforces.com/profile/hungcubuso1vn \"Master hungcubuso1vn\")         |\n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155915) \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Announcement of [Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +105\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx) [pskobx ](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 12 days ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155915#comments) [147 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155915#comments)\n\n  \n[ Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 1, Div. 2) ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155668) \n\nBy [paulzrm](https://codeforces.com/profile/paulzrm \"Grandmaster paulzrm\"), 3 weeks ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\nHello, Codeforces!\n\nWe are glad to invite you to participate in [Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 1)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2255 \"Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 1)\") and [Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2256 \"Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 2)\") on [Aug/09/2026 17:35 (Moscow time)](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=9&month=8&year=2026&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166).\n\nThe round will be rated for participants from both divisions. You will be given **6 problems** and **2 hours and 30 minutes** to solve them. At least one of the problems will be divided into subtasks.\n\nPlease note that this contest contains **at least one run-twice (communication) problem**. Please read the guides for [run-twice problems](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/147996) before the contest if you are unfamiliar with them.\n\nAll problems were authored and prepared by [Error\\_Yuan](https://codeforces.com/profile/Error%5FYuan \"Grandmaster Error_Yuan\") and me, [paulzrm](https://codeforces.com/profile/paulzrm \"Grandmaster paulzrm\").\n\nMore than eight years after [Codeforces Round 449](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/56101), **Chtholly Nota Seniorious — the happiest girl in the world — is returning to Codeforces!**\n\nIn this round, you will once again meet Chtholly, Nephren, Ithea, Willem, and other characters from [What Do You Do at the End of the World? Are You Busy? Will You Save Us?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WorldEnd), and help them overcome a new series of challenges.\n\n![](https://codeforces.com/predownloaded/ae/00/ae00282775d937b7ec7ee69d83b1aaccfb65e232.png) \n\nWe would like to thank:\n\n* [Error\\_Yuan](https://codeforces.com/profile/Error%5FYuan \"Grandmaster Error_Yuan\") for his excellent coordination, patient guidance, and invaluable help throughout the preparation of the round.\n* [Alexdat2000](https://codeforces.com/profile/Alexdat2000 \"Master Alexdat2000\") for translating the statements to Russian.\n* [HugeWide](https://codeforces.com/profile/HugeWide \"International Grandmaster HugeWide\"), my teammate, for VIP testing and for all his help throughout the preparation of the round.\n* [HHH666666](https://codeforces.com/profile/HHH666666 \"Grandmaster HHH666666\"), [XG0000](https://codeforces.com/profile/XG0000 \"Master XG0000\"), [Mitsukasa\\_Ayase](https://codeforces.com/profile/Mitsukasa%5FAyase \"International Grandmaster Mitsukasa_Ayase\"), [zt17](https://codeforces.com/profile/zt17 \"Expert zt17\"), [a\\_little\\_cute](https://codeforces.com/profile/a%5Flittle%5Fcute \"International Master a_little_cute\"), [aaa\\_Pigeon2](https://codeforces.com/profile/aaa%5FPigeon2 \"International Grandmaster aaa_Pigeon2\"), [StarSilk](https://codeforces.com/profile/StarSilk \"Legendary Grandmaster StarSilk\"), [tiger2005](https://codeforces.com/profile/tiger2005 \"Legendary Grandmaster tiger2005\"), [Proof\\_by\\_QED](https://codeforces.com/profile/Proof%5Fby%5FQED \"Master Proof_by_QED\"), [\\_istil](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5Fistil \"Grandmaster _istil\"), [nifeshe](https://codeforces.com/profile/nifeshe \"Grandmaster nifeshe\"), [floptron1](https://codeforces.com/profile/floptron1 \"Candidate Master floptron1\"), [arvindr9](https://codeforces.com/profile/arvindr9 \"Master arvindr9\") and [WorldWarV](https://codeforces.com/profile/WorldWarV \"Candidate Master WorldWarV\") for testing the round and providing valuable feedback.\n* [KAN](https://codeforces.com/profile/KAN \"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\") and [MikeMirzayanov](https://codeforces.com/profile/MikeMirzayanov \"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\") for the great Codeforces and Polygon platforms.\n* [You](https://codeforces.com/profile/) for participating in this round.\n\nThe scoring distribution will be announced later.\n\nWe hope you enjoy the problems and Chtholly’s story.\n\n**Good luck and have fun!**\n\n**UPD1**: The Scoring distribution is:\n\n* Div. 1: 500 — 1000 — 1750 — 1750 — (1750 + 1250) — 3500\n* Div. 2: 500 — 1000 — 1500 — 2000 — 2750 — 3000\n\n**UPD2:** The [editorial](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155840) is out.\n\n**UPD3:** Congratulations to the winners!\n\nDiv. 1 (subject to change):\n\n1. [turmax](https://codeforces.com/profile/turmax \"Legendary Grandmaster turmax\")\n2. [noimi](https://codeforces.com/profile/noimi \"Legendary Grandmaster noimi\")\n3. [maspy](https://codeforces.com/profile/maspy \"Legendary Grandmaster maspy\")\n4. [squareOf105](https://codeforces.com/profile/squareOf105 \"Legendary Grandmaster squareOf105\")\n5. [Milmon](https://codeforces.com/profile/Milmon \"International Grandmaster Milmon\")\n\nDiv. 2 (subject to change):\n\n1. [lvsedeqinglvse](https://codeforces.com/profile/lvsedeqinglvse \"Candidate Master lvsedeqinglvse\")\n2. [Cucumber0721](https://codeforces.com/profile/Cucumber0721 \"Newbie Cucumber0721\")\n3. [Smarth\\_coder](https://codeforces.com/profile/Smarth%5Fcoder \"Expert Smarth_coder\")\n4. [asterunee](https://codeforces.com/profile/asterunee \"Specialist asterunee\")\n5. [Chth\\_kitten](https://codeforces.com/profile/Chth%5Fkitten \"Candidate Master Chth_kitten\")\n\nWe would also like to congratulate the first solvers of each problem (subject to change):\n\n1. Div. 2 A: [Forestmy17](https://codeforces.com/profile/Forestmy17 \"Expert Forestmy17\") 00:01\n2. Div. 2 B: [asterunee](https://codeforces.com/profile/asterunee \"Specialist asterunee\") 00:04\n3. Div. 1 A / Div. 2 C: [A\\_G](https://codeforces.com/profile/A%5FG \"International Grandmaster A_G\") 00:02\n4. Div. 1 B / Div. 2 D: [maspy](https://codeforces.com/profile/maspy \"Legendary Grandmaster maspy\") 00:05\n5. Div. 1 C / Div. 2 E: [literalchild](https://codeforces.com/profile/literalchild \"International Grandmaster literalchild\") 00:19\n6. Div. 1 D / Div. 2 F: [de1uxegg](https://codeforces.com/profile/de1uxegg \"Master de1uxegg\") 00:23\n7. Div. 1 E1: [\\_\\_baozii\\_\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5F%5Fbaozii%5F%5F \"International Grandmaster __baozii__\") 01:02\n8. Div. 1 E2: [ABCaCaCa\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/ABCaCaCa%5F \"Master ABCaCaCa_\") 01:10\n9. Div. 1 F: [turmax](https://codeforces.com/profile/turmax \"Legendary Grandmaster turmax\") 01:34\n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155668) \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Announcement of [Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 1)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2255) \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Announcement of [Codeforces Round 1116 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2256) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +445\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/paulzrm) [paulzrm ](https://codeforces.com/profile/paulzrm)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 3 weeks ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155668#comments) [125 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155668#comments)\n\n  \n[ Educational Codeforces Round 193 \\[rated for Div. 2\\] ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155718) \n\nBy [BledDest](https://codeforces.com/profile/BledDest \"International Grandmaster BledDest\"), 3 weeks ago, translation, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\n![Neapolis University Pafos](https://codeforces.com/predownloaded/9a/33/9a332fadbb47050ba9405057df022a6e37eaf5c0.png)\n\nHello Codeforces!\n\nThe series of Educational Rounds continues thanks to the support of the [Neapolis University Pafos](https://www.nup.ac.cy/). They offer a BSc in Computer Science and AI with [JetBrains Scholarships](https://lp.jetbrains.com/academy/csai-program/). Gain cutting-edge skills in AI and machine learning, preparing you for high-demand tech careers. Limited scholarships available — don't miss your chance to study in Europe for free!\n\n[Educational Codeforces Round 193 (Rated for Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2253 \"Educational Codeforces Round 193 (Rated for Div. 2)\") will start on [Aug/07/2026 17:35 (Moscow time)](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=7&month=8&year=2026&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166).\n\nThis round will be **rated for the participants with rating lower than 2100**. It will be held on extended ICPC rules. The penalty for each incorrect submission until the submission with a full solution is 10 minutes. After the end of the contest, you will have 12 hours to hack any solution you want. You will have access to copy any solution and test it locally.\n\nYou will be given **6 problems** and **2 hours** to solve them.\n\nThe problems were proposed and prepared by Maxim [FelixArg](https://codeforces.com/profile/FelixArg \"Master FelixArg\") Novotochinov and me.\n\nHuge thanks to Mike [MikeMirzayanov](https://codeforces.com/profile/MikeMirzayanov \"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\") Mirzayanov, the creator of Codeforces and Polygon — two great competitive programming platforms. Without them, the Educational Rounds would be impossible.\n\nAlso, big shoutout to round testers: [awoo](https://codeforces.com/profile/awoo \"Master awoo\"), [Alenochka](https://codeforces.com/profile/Alenochka \"Expert Alenochka\"), [pusheen\\_1024](https://codeforces.com/profile/pusheen%5F1024 \"Specialist pusheen_1024\"), [savolay](https://codeforces.com/profile/savolay \"Pupil savolay\"), [yegor.l](https://codeforces.com/profile/yegor.l \"Newbie yegor.l\")!\n\nWe wish you good luck in the contest!\n\n**upd:** [The editorial can be found here](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155813).\n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155718) \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Announcement of [Educational Codeforces Round 193 (Rated for Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2253) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +95\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/BledDest) [BledDest ](https://codeforces.com/profile/BledDest)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 3 weeks ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155718#comments) [123 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155718#comments)\n\n  \n[ Codeforces Round 1115 (Div. 2) ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155601) \n\nBy [Bufu](https://codeforces.com/profile/Bufu \"Candidate Master Bufu\"), 3 weeks ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\n# _Hello, Codeforces!_\n\nWe are excited to invite you to participate in [Codeforces Round 1115 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2252), which will take place on [Aug/06/2026 17:35 (Moscow time)](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=6&month=8&year=2026&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166).\n\nThe round will be **rated for all participants with a rating below 2100**. Participants from Division 1 are warmly welcome to participate unofficially.\n\nYou will be given **6 problems** and **2 hours** to solve them.\n\nThe round was prepared by [TomitaMatei](https://codeforces.com/profile/TomitaMatei \"Master TomitaMatei\") and me, [Bufu](https://codeforces.com/profile/Bufu \"Candidate Master Bufu\").\n\nWe would like to express our deepest gratitude to everyone who made this round possible:\n\n* [cry](https://codeforces.com/profile/cry \"International Master cry\") for their excellent coordination and infinite patience while reviewing the problems!\n* [Alexdat2000](https://codeforces.com/profile/Alexdat2000 \"Master Alexdat2000\") for translating the statements to Russian.\n* [Um\\_nik](https://codeforces.com/profile/Um%5Fnik \"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\") and [KAN](https://codeforces.com/profile/KAN \"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\") for pre-reviewing the round!\n* Our wonderful team of testers for solving the problems and providing highly valuable feedback: [Intellegent](https://codeforces.com/profile/Intellegent \"International Master Intellegent\"), [awesomeguy856](https://codeforces.com/profile/awesomeguy856 \"Grandmaster awesomeguy856\"), [\\_istil](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5Fistil \"Grandmaster _istil\"), [andrei\\_n](https://codeforces.com/profile/andrei%5Fn \"Expert andrei_n\"), [Friedrich](https://codeforces.com/profile/Friedrich \"Candidate Master Friedrich\"), [\\_\\_baozii\\_\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5F%5Fbaozii%5F%5F \"International Grandmaster __baozii__\"), [simplelife](https://codeforces.com/profile/simplelife \"Expert simplelife\"), [omsincoconut](https://codeforces.com/profile/omsincoconut \"Candidate Master omsincoconut\"), [madlogic](https://codeforces.com/profile/madlogic \"Candidate Master madlogic\"), [nik\\_exists](https://codeforces.com/profile/nik%5Fexists \"Expert nik_exists\"), [Edeeva](https://codeforces.com/profile/Edeeva \"Candidate Master Edeeva\"), [SpyrosAliv](https://codeforces.com/profile/SpyrosAliv \"Candidate Master SpyrosAliv\"), and [Argentum47](https://codeforces.com/profile/Argentum47 \"Candidate Master Argentum47\").\n* [MikeMirzayanov](https://codeforces.com/profile/MikeMirzayanov \"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\") and [KAN](https://codeforces.com/profile/KAN \"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\") for creating and maintaining the amazing Codeforces and Polygon platforms!\n* [You](https://codeforces.com/profile) for participating in the round!\n\nThe score distribution will be:\n\n**$$$500$$$ — $$$1000$$$ — $$$1250$$$ — $$$1750$$$ — $$$2250$$$ — $$$2750$$$**\n\nGood luck, have fun, and may the rating be with you!\n\n**UPD**: Congratulations to the winners!\n\nUnofficial participants:\n\n1. [abc864197532](https://codeforces.com/profile/abc864197532 \"International Grandmaster abc864197532\")\n2. [Rubikun](https://codeforces.com/profile/Rubikun \"Grandmaster Rubikun\")\n3. [maspy](https://codeforces.com/profile/maspy \"Legendary Grandmaster maspy\")\n4. [CryptoQuant](https://codeforces.com/profile/CryptoQuant \"Master CryptoQuant\")\n5. [Lynkcat](https://codeforces.com/profile/Lynkcat \"Legendary Grandmaster Lynkcat\")\n\nOfficial participants: (subject to change)\n\n1. [Kodik](https://codeforces.com/profile/Kodik \"Expert Kodik\")\n2. [sahajoydeep467](https://codeforces.com/profile/sahajoydeep467 \"Specialist sahajoydeep467\")\n3. [Wonter](https://codeforces.com/profile/Wonter \"Candidate Master Wonter\")\n4. [jeduardobras](https://codeforces.com/profile/jeduardobras \"Expert jeduardobras\")\n5. [Gemini17](https://codeforces.com/profile/Gemini17 \"Expert Gemini17\")\n\n**UPD 2**: The [editorial](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155741) is now available!\n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155601) \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Announcement of [Codeforces Round 1115 (Div. 2)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2252) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +184\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/Bufu) [Bufu ](https://codeforces.com/profile/Bufu)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 3 weeks ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155601#comments) [158 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155601#comments)\n\n  \n[ Codeforces Round 1114 (Div. 3) ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155597) \n\nBy [yse](https://codeforces.com/profile/yse \"Candidate Master yse\"), 3 weeks ago, ![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\") \n\n## Hello, Codeforces!\n\nI am very excited to invite you to participate in [Codeforces Round 1114 (Div. 3)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2254 \"Codeforces Round 1114 (Div. 3)\"), which will take place on [Aug/04/2026 17:35 (Moscow time)](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=4&month=8&year=2026&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166). You will be given $$$2$$$ hours and $$$15$$$ minutes to solve $$$7$$$ problems, where one problem will be split into subtasks. All problems were authored and prepared by me.\n\nThe round will be hosted by rules of educational rounds (extended ICPC). Thus, all solutions will be judged on preliminary tests during the round, and after the round, there will be a 12-hour phase of **open hacks**. After the open hack phase, all accepted solutions will be rejudged on successful hacks. Also, note that there is no score distribution but the usual penalty of **10 minutes** for each wrong submission, following the rules of educational rounds.\n\n[Remember](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/59228) that only the trusted participants of the third division will be included in the official standings table. As it is written by link, this is a compulsory measure for combating unsporting behavior. To qualify as a _trusted participant of the third division_, you must:\n\n* take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them)\n* do not have a rating of 1900 or higher at any moment in time.\n\nRegardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the third division or not, if your rating is less than 1600, then the round will be rated for you (unless you register unrated).\n\nI would like to thank the following people for making this round possible:\n\n* [cry](https://codeforces.com/profile/cry \"International Master cry\") for coordinating the round;\n* [\\_\\_baozii\\_\\_](https://codeforces.com/profile/%5F%5Fbaozii%5F%5F \"International Grandmaster __baozii__\") for red testing;\n* [temporary1](https://codeforces.com/profile/temporary1 \"Master temporary1\"), [Proof\\_by\\_QED](https://codeforces.com/profile/Proof%5Fby%5FQED \"Master Proof_by_QED\") for orange testing;\n* [SpyrosAliv](https://codeforces.com/profile/SpyrosAliv \"Candidate Master SpyrosAliv\"), [Argentum47](https://codeforces.com/profile/Argentum47 \"Candidate Master Argentum47\"), [Friedrich](https://codeforces.com/profile/Friedrich \"Candidate Master Friedrich\"), [omsincoconut](https://codeforces.com/profile/omsincoconut \"Candidate Master omsincoconut\"), [wakanda-forever](https://codeforces.com/profile/wakanda-forever \"Candidate Master wakanda-forever\"), [reirugan](https://codeforces.com/profile/reirugan \"Candidate Master reirugan\"), [cgmoreda](https://codeforces.com/profile/cgmoreda \"Candidate Master cgmoreda\") for purple testing;\n* [DivinePunishment](https://codeforces.com/profile/DivinePunishment \"Expert DivinePunishment\"), [Mousa](https://codeforces.com/profile/Mousa \"Expert Mousa\"), [Wageeh](https://codeforces.com/profile/Wageeh \"Expert Wageeh\"), [wuhudsm](https://codeforces.com/profile/wuhudsm \"Expert wuhudsm\"), [chromate00](https://codeforces.com/profile/chromate00 \"Expert chromate00\"), [detective...dots](https://codeforces.com/profile/detective...dots \"Expert detective...dots\"), [Borhom](https://codeforces.com/profile/Borhom \"Expert Borhom\") for blue testing;\n* [Mr\\_Bald](https://codeforces.com/profile/Mr%5FBald \"Specialist Mr_Bald\"), [ALnQ417](https://codeforces.com/profile/ALnQ417 \"Specialist ALnQ417\") for cyan testing;\n* [Vladosiya](https://codeforces.com/profile/Vladosiya \"Expert Vladosiya\") for statement translation and testing;\n* [MikeMirzayanov](https://codeforces.com/profile/MikeMirzayanov \"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\") for developing Codeforces and Polygon.\n\nGood luck, and most importantly, have fun!\n\n#### Update: [Tutorial](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155666)\n\n[Full text and comments »](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155597) \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png) Announcement of [Codeforces Round 1114 (Div. 3)](https://codeforces.com/contest/2254) \n\n* [![Vote: I like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/voteup-gray.png \"Vote: I like it\")](#)\n* +212\n* [![Vote: I do not like it](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/actions/votedown-gray.png \"Vote: I do not like it\")](#)\n\n* [![Author](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/user_16x16.png \"Author\")](https://codeforces.com/profile/yse) [yse ](https://codeforces.com/profile/yse)\n* ![Publication date](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/date_16x16.png \"Publication date\") 3 weeks ago\n* [![Comments](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/blog/comments_16x16.png \"Comments\")](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155597#comments) [162 ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155597#comments)\n\n  \n[ Codeforces Round 1113 (Div. 2) ](https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/155549) \n\n\n...20220 bytes truncated...\n\nThe tool call succeeded but the output was truncated. 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            "output": "---\nimage: //codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\ntitle: Personal submissions - Codeforces\ndescription: Codeforces. Programming competitions and contests, programming community\n---\n\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\"> \n\n  \n[![Codeforces](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png \"Codeforces\")](https://codeforces.com/) \n\n[![In English](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/gb.png \"In English\")](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/1?locale=en) [![По-русски](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/flags/24/ru.png \"По-русски\")](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/1?locale=ru) \n\n[Enter](https://codeforces.com/enter?back=%2Fsubmissions%2Fpskobx%2Fpage%2F1)| [Register](https://codeforces.com/register) \n\n  \n* [Home](https://codeforces.com/)\n* [Top](https://codeforces.com/top)\n* [Catalog](https://codeforces.com/catalog)\n* [Contests](https://codeforces.com/contests)\n* [Gym](https://codeforces.com/gyms)\n* [Problemset](https://codeforces.com/problemset)\n* [Groups](https://codeforces.com/groups)\n* [Rating](https://codeforces.com/ratings)\n* [Edu](https://codeforces.com/edu/courses)\n* [API](https://codeforces.com/apiHelp)\n* [Calendar](https://codeforces.com/calendar)\n* [Help](https://codeforces.com/help)\n  \n  \n→ Pay attention \n\nContest is running  \n[ICPC 2026 Online Challenge 1 powered by Huawei](https://codeforces.com/contest/2251/standings)  \n5 days  \n[Register now »](https://codeforces.com/contestRegistration/2251) \n\n→ Status filter \n\nContest: \n\nAny contest Specify contest 2257 - Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) 104670 - 2021-2022 ACM-ICPC Nordic Collegiate Programming Contest (NCPC 2021) 2210 - Codeforces Round 1089 (Div. 2) 2237 - Order Capital Round 2 (Codeforces Round 1104, Div. 1 + Div. 2) 2222 - Spectral::Cup 2026 Round 1 (Codeforces Round 1094, Div. 1 + Div. 2) 106421 - UTPC Contest 3-11-2026 Div. 2 (Advanced) 103176 - La Salle-Pui Ching Programming Challenge 2019 106507 - TeamsCode 2026 Spring Contest 2229 - Spectral::Cup 2026 Round 2 (Codeforces Round 1100, Div. 1 + Div. 2) 2231 - Codeforces Round 1099 (Div. 2) 1267 - 2019-2020 ICPC, NERC, Northern Eurasia Finals (Unrated, Online Mirror, ICPC Rules, Teams Preferred) 105383 - 2024 ICPC Asia Taiwan Online Programming Contest 106495 - 2026 ICPC Gran Premio de Mexico 1ra Fecha 2215 - Codeforces Round 1092 (Unrated, Div. 1, Based on THUPC 2026 — Finals) 106032 - The 2025 ICPC Syrian Private Universities Collegiate Programming Contest 106063 - 2025 ICPC Gran Premio de Mexico 3ra Fecha 106043 - Teamscode Summer 2025 Advanced Division 106443 - UFPE Starters Final Try-Outs 2026 106416 - The 2026 ICPC Latin America Championship 106386 - UTPC Contest 2-25-26 (Advanced) 77 - Codeforces Beta Round 69 (Div. 1 Only) 106339 - UTPC Contest 1-28-2026 105364 - XXV Spain Olympiad in Informatics, Online Qualifier 2 106353 - 2025-2026 ICPC Northwestern European Regional Programming Contest (NWERC 2025) 106296 - The 4th Universal Cup. Extra Stage 3: Osijek (Farhod Contest) \n\nSpecify contest: \n\nVerdict: \n\nAny verdict Accepted Rejected Wrong answer Runtime error Time limit exceeded Memory limit exceeded Compilation error Hacked Judgement failed Partial Presentation error Idleness limit exceeded Security violated Denial of judgement Input preparation failed Skipped Running Pending judgement \n\nLanguage: \n\nAny language GNU C11 C++17 (GCC 7-32) C++20 (GCC 13-64) C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) C# 8 C# 10 C# 13 Mono C# D F# 9 Go Haskell Java 21 Java 8 Kotlin 1.7 Kotlin 1.9 Kotlin 2.2 OCaml Delphi FPC PascalABC.NET Perl PHP Python 2 Python 3 PyPy 2 PyPy 3 PyPy 3-64 Ruby 3 Rust 2021 Rust 2024 Scala JavaScript Node.js Tcl Io Pike Befunge Cobol Factor Secret\\_171 Roco Ada Mysterious Language FALSE Picat GNU C++11 ZIP Java 8 ZIP J Q# Text UnknownX Secret 2021 \n\nTest: \n\nNot used <= \\= \\>= \n\n* [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx)\n* [Blog](https://codeforces.com/blog/pskobx)\n* [Teams](https://codeforces.com/teams/with/pskobx)\n* [Submissions](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx)\n* [Groups](https://codeforces.com/groups/with/pskobx)\n* [Contests](https://codeforces.com/contests/with/pskobx)\n* [Problemsetting](https://codeforces.com/contests/writer/pskobx)\n\nshow unofficial \n\npskobx submissions\n\npskobx submissions \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/magnifier-medium.png) ![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/control-270.png) \n\n| #         | When              | Who                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | Problem                                                                                       | Lang                     | Verdict                          | Time    | Memory    |\n| --------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------------------- | ------- | --------- |\n| 387467610 | Aug/17/2026 20:02 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [F2 - Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2) | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 2453 ms | 310100 KB |\n| 387467533 | Aug/17/2026 20:02 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [F1 - Beaver's Jumping Track (Easy Version) ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F1) | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 843 ms  | 430900 KB |\n| 387467400 | Aug/17/2026 20:01 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [E - Busy Beaver ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/E)                             | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 156 ms  | 20500 KB  |\n| 387467301 | Aug/17/2026 20:00 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [D - Bermuda Rectangle ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/D)                       | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 265 ms  | 100 KB    |\n| 387467226 | Aug/17/2026 20:00 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [C - Spying on the Beaver ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/C)                    | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 218 ms  | 100 KB    |\n| 387467136 | Aug/17/2026 19:59 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [B - Gigantomachy ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/B)                            | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 156 ms  | 100 KB    |\n| 387467084 | Aug/17/2026 19:59 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [A - Creating Abbreviations ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/A)                  | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 46 ms   | 0 KB      |\n| 386615402 | Aug/11/2026 16:00 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [C - Customs Controls ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/C)                          | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 312 ms  | 7700 KB   |\n| 386609133 | Aug/11/2026 15:13 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [F - Fortune From Folly ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/F)                        | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 46 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386608932 | Aug/11/2026 15:11 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [F - Fortune From Folly ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/F)                        | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Runtime error on test 44         | 46 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386608809 | Aug/11/2026 15:10 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [F - Fortune From Folly ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/F)                        | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Runtime error on test 44         | 31 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386608141 | Aug/11/2026 15:05 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [F - Fortune From Folly ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/F)                        | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Runtime error on test 44         | 46 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386604318 | Aug/11/2026 14:35 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [D - Deceptive Directions ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/D)                      | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 328 ms  | 98600 KB  |\n| 386595200 | Aug/11/2026 13:26 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [A - Antenna Analysis ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/A)                          | PyPy 3-64                | Runtime error on test 1          | 93 ms   | 2700 KB   |\n| 386594832 | Aug/11/2026 13:23 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [A - Antenna Analysis ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/A)                          | Python 3                 | Runtime error on test 1          | 31 ms   | 2000 KB   |\n| 386594418 | Aug/11/2026 13:19 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [G - Grazed Grains ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 546 ms  | 100 KB    |\n| 386593447 | Aug/11/2026 13:09 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [A - Antenna Analysis ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/A)                          | C++20 (GCC 13-64)        | Accepted                         | 265 ms  | 100 KB    |\n| 386593144 | Aug/11/2026 13:06 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [J - Joint Jog Jam ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/J)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 46 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386591154 | Aug/11/2026 12:48 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [K - Knot Knowledge ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/K)                            | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 46 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386590920 | Aug/11/2026 12:46 | [deprecated bobry](https://codeforces.com/team/220261 \"deprecated bobry\"): [egorka5opka](https://codeforces.com/profile/egorka5opka \"Master egorka5opka\"), [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/standings/participant/244497459#p244497459) | [L - Locust Locus ](https://codeforces.com/gym/104670/problem/L)                              | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 46 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 386418557 | Aug/10/2026 00:27 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [D - A Simple RBS Problem ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2210/problem/D)                    | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 62 ms   | 2200 KB   |\n| 385689961 | Aug/04/2026 23:27 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [F - Paint the Array ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2237/problem/F)                         | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 343 ms  | 26600 KB  |\n| 385566382 | Aug/04/2026 17:45 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [E - Seek the Truth ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2222/problem/E)                          | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 312 ms  | 100 KB    |\n| 385554320 | Aug/04/2026 17:38 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [E - Seek the Truth ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2222/problem/E)                          | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 2           | 15 ms   | 0 KB      |\n| 385551469 | Aug/04/2026 17:35 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             | [E - Seek the Truth ](https://codeforces.com/contest/2222/problem/E)                          | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 1           | 0 ms    | 100 KB    |\n| 385002458 | Jul/31/2026 18:11 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [H - Red Combo ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/H)                                 | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 2           | 15 ms   | 0 KB      |\n| 384998747 | Jul/31/2026 17:34 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Memory limit exceeded on test 10 | 890 ms  | 262100 KB |\n| 384998712 | Jul/31/2026 17:34 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Memory limit exceeded on test 10 | 921 ms  | 262100 KB |\n| 384998648 | Jul/31/2026 17:33 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Memory limit exceeded on test 10 | 890 ms  | 262100 KB |\n| 384998223 | Jul/31/2026 17:29 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 3           | 15 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 384998164 | Jul/31/2026 17:29 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Compilation error                | 0 ms    | 0 KB      |\n| 384998088 | Jul/31/2026 17:28 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Compilation error                | 0 ms    | 0 KB      |\n| 384997862 | Jul/31/2026 17:26 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 3           | 31 ms   | 0 KB      |\n| 384997683 | Jul/31/2026 17:24 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Compilation error                | 0 ms    | 0 KB      |\n| 384997611 | Jul/31/2026 17:24 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Compilation error                | 0 ms    | 0 KB      |\n| 384997443 | Jul/31/2026 17:22 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [G - Tyson's Taunt ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/G)                             | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Compilation error                | 0 ms    | 0 KB      |\n| 384993670 | Jul/31/2026 16:49 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [F - Chippa Rank ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/F)                               | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 156 ms  | 6600 KB   |\n| 384992864 | Jul/31/2026 16:42 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [E - Strongest Attack First ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/E)                    | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 78 ms   | 100 KB    |\n| 384992443 | Jul/31/2026 16:38 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [E - Strongest Attack First ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/E)                    | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 20          | 93 ms   | 0 KB      |\n| 384991966 | Jul/31/2026 16:33 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [D - Anagrams ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/D)                                  | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 78 ms   | 5500 KB   |\n| 384991541 | Jul/31/2026 16:29 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/standings/participant/243298961#p243298961)                                                                                                                                                            | [C - Champion's Meeting (Easy) ](https://codeforces.com/gym/106421/problem/C)                 | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 109 ms  | 2600 KB   |\n| 378437752 | Jun/12/2026 20:16 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [D - Drawing Circles ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/D)                           | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 890 ms  | 35200 KB  |\n| 378437558 | Jun/12/2026 20:14 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [D - Drawing Circles ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/D)                           | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 4           | 890 ms  | 33300 KB  |\n| 378437320 | Jun/12/2026 20:12 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [D - Drawing Circles ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/D)                           | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Wrong answer on test 4           | 921 ms  | 26300 KB  |\n| 378426847 | Jun/12/2026 19:44 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [I - Ice-cream Sampler ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/I)                         | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 109 ms  | 0 KB      |\n| 378422929 | Jun/12/2026 19:36 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [C - camelCaseCounting ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/C)                         | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 562 ms  | 35500 KB  |\n| 378408276 | Jun/12/2026 19:08 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [E - Eat More ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/E)                                  | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 328 ms  | 1500 KB   |\n| 378388485 | Jun/12/2026 18:39 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [J - Just A \\\\$10 Note ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/J)                         | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 46 ms   | 0 KB      |\n| 378349183 | Jun/12/2026 17:56 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [C - camelCaseCounting ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/C)                         | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Time limit exceeded on test 16   | 1000 ms | 65100 KB  |\n| 378326765 | Jun/12/2026 17:41 | [pskobx](https://codeforces.com/profile/pskobx \"Master pskobx\")[#](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/standings/participant/238840878#p238840878)                                                                                                                                                            | [K - Kth number in Byteland ](https://codeforces.com/gym/103176/problem/K)                    | C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) | Accepted                         | 31 ms   | 0 KB      |\n\n##### Judgement protocol\n\n---\n\n Test: # , time:  ms., memory:  KB, exit code: , checker exit code: , verdict: \n\nInput\n\n Output\n\n Answer\n\n Copy program output\n\nCopy program input\n\nInteraction log\n\nCopy program output\n\nCopy program input\n\nModel solution interaction log\n\nChecker Log\n\n Diagnostics\n\n ← → \n\n```\n\n```\n\n← \n* [1](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/1)\n* [2](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/2)\n* [3](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/3)\n* ...\n* [38](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/38)\n* [39](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/39)\n* [→](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/2)\n\n  \n[Codeforces](https://codeforces.com/) (c) Copyright 2010-2026 Mike Mirzayanov\n\nThe only programming contests Web 2.0 platform\n\nServer time: Aug/23/2026 21:36:21 (n1).\n\nDesktop version, switch to [mobile version](https://codeforces.com/submissions/pskobx/page/1?mobile=true).\n\n[Privacy Policy](https://codeforces.com/privacy)| [Terms and Conditions](https://codeforces.com/terms) \n\nSupported by \n\n[![TON](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/ton-100x100.png \"TON\")](https://ton.org/) \n\nUser lists \n\n![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/magnifier-medium.png) ![](//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/99500/images/icons/control-270.png) \n\n| Name |\n| ---- |",
            "metadata": {
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        {
          "type": "tool",
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          "callID": "call_9JJDW6AEZcmYt8sKL06cDWPh",
          "state": {
            "status": "completed",
            "input": {
              "query": "\"memoryConsumedBytes\":317542400 \"387467610\"",
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            "output": "Title: N/A\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/raw/commit/2d3c29fbb8ae3413c47a5874d84f116b75b7f576/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n{\n [Serializable]\n public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult\n {\n public int APIRequestsIssued;\n\n public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n\n public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n\n public string FunctionName;\n\n public object FunctionResult;\n\n public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n\n public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n\n public List Logs;\n\n public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n\n public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n\n public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n\n public int Revision;\n }\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: open-r1/codeforces-submissions · Datasets at Hugging Face\nURL: https://huggingface.co/datasets/open-r1/codeforces-submissions\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n- `passedTestCount`(\n...\nnumber of test cases this submission passed when it was submitted\n- `timeConsumedMillis`(int): Maximum time in milliseconds, consumed by solution for one test.\n- `memoryConsumedBytes`(int): Maximum memory in bytes, consumed by solution for one test.\n- `creationTimeSeconds`(int): Time, when submission was created, in unix-format.\n- `original_code`(str): can differ from`source` if it was modified to run on newer C++/Python versions.\n\n---\n\nTitle: README.md · open-r1/codeforces-submissions at main\nURL: https://huggingface.co/datasets/open-r1/codeforces-submissions/blob/main/README.md\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n```\ndataset_info:\n  - config_name: default\n    features:\n      - name: submission_id\n        dtype: string\n      - name: source\n        dtype: string\n      - name: contestId\n        dtype: string\n      - name: problem_index\n        dtype: string\n      - name: programmingLanguage\n        dtype: string\n      - name: verdict\n        dtype: string\n      - name: testset\n        dtype: string\n      - name: passedTestCount\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: timeConsumedMillis\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: memoryConsumedBytes\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: creationTimeSeconds\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: problem_id\n        dtype: string\n    splits:\n      - name: train\n        num_bytes: 17766177945\n        num_examples: 12591518\n    download_size: 5554509577\n    dataset_size: 17766177945\n  - config_name: selected_accepted\n    features:\n      - name: submission_id\n        dtype: string\n      - name: source\n        dtype: string\n      - name: contestId\n        dtype: string\n      - name: problem_index\n        dtype: string\n      - name: programmingLanguage\n        dtype: string\n      - name: verdict\n        dtype: string\n      - name: testset\n        dtype: string\n      - name: passedTestCount\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: timeConsumedMillis\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: memoryConsumedBytes\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: creationTimeSeconds\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: problem_id\n        dtype: string\n      - name: og_source\n        dtype: string\n    splits:\n      - name: train\n        num_bytes: 179003290\n        num_examples: 42467\n    download_size: 73893557\n    dataset_size: 179003290\n  - config_name: selected_incorrect\n    features:\n      - name: submission_id\n        dtype: string\n      - name: source\n        dtype: string\n      - name: contestId\n        dtype: string\n      - name: problem_index\n        dtype: string\n      - name: programmingLanguage\n        dtype: string\n      - name: verdict\n        dtype: string\n      - name: testset\n        dtype: string\n      - name: passedTestCount\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: timeConsumedMillis\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: memoryConsumedBytes\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: creationTimeSeconds\n        dtype: float64\n      - name: problem_id\n        dtype: string\n    splits:\n      - name: train\n        num_bytes: 20128450\n        num_examples: 18097\n    download_size: 8181241\n    dataset_size: 20128450\n...\nCOMPILATION\n...\n`,`IDLENESS\n...\n`,`OK`,`PARTIAL`,`REJECT\n...\nERROR`,`SKIPP\n...\nEXCEEDED`,`WRONG\n...\nANSWER`\n- `testset`(str): Testset used for judging the submission. Can be one of`CHALLENGES`,`PRETESTS`,`TESTS`, or`TESTSxx`\n- `passedTestCount`(int): the number of test cases this submission passed when it was submitted\n- `timeConsumedMillis`(int): Maximum time in milliseconds, consumed by solution for one test.\n- `memoryConsumedBytes`(int): Maximum memory in bytes, consumed by solution for one test.\n- `creationTimeSeconds`(int): Time, when submission was created, in unix-format.\n- `original_code`(str): can differ from`source` if it was modified to run on newer C++/Python versions.\n\n---\n\nTitle: MatrixStudio/Codeforces-Python-Submissions · Datasets at Hugging Face\nURL: https://huggingface.co/datasets/MatrixStudio/Codeforces-Python-Submissions/viewer\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nint64\n...\nint64\n...\nint64\n...\nint64\n...\nint64\n...\nint64\n...\nmemoryConsumedBytes\n...\nint64\n...\n805M\n...\nPython 3\n...\nPython 3\n...\nPython 3\n\n---\n\nTitle: island/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at 7b909dba9f399e9cc654cf12ef05bb49bbfbce6b - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/src/commit/7b909dba9f399e9cc654cf12ef05bb49bbfbce6b/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Toonkins-Retooned\nHighlights:\nisland/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at 7b909dba9f399e9cc654cf12ef05bb49bbfbce6b - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\n\nFork\n\n7b909dba9f\n\n2024-11-15 20:56:59 -06:00\n\n#### 33 lines 560 B C# RawBlameHistory\n\n| `using System;\n` |\n| --- |\n| `using System.Collections.Generic;\n` |\n| `namespace PlayFab.PlayStreamModels\n` |\n| `{\n` |\n| ` [Serializable]\n` |\n| ` public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult\n` |\n| ` {\n` |\n| ` public int APIRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n` |\n| ` public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public string FunctionName;\n` |\n| ` public object FunctionResult;\n` |\n| ` public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public List Logs;\n` |\n| ` public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n` |\n| ` public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public int Revision;\n` |\n| ` }\n` |\n| `}\n` |\n\nReference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink\n\n---\n\nTitle: island/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at 2d3c29fbb8ae3413c47a5874d84f116b75b7f576 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/src/commit/2d3c29fbb8ae3413c47a5874d84f116b75b7f576/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Toonkins-Retooned\nHighlights:\nisland/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at 2d3c29fbb8ae3413c47a5874d84f116b75b7f576 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\n\nFork\n\n2d3c29fbb8\n\n2024-11-15 20:56:59 -06:00\n\n#### 33 lines 560 B C# RawBlameHistory\n\n| `using System;\n` |\n| --- |\n| `using System.Collections.Generic;\n` |\n| `namespace PlayFab.PlayStreamModels\n` |\n| `{\n` |\n| ` [Serializable]\n` |\n| ` public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult\n` |\n| ` {\n` |\n| ` public int APIRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n` |\n| ` public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public string FunctionName;\n` |\n| ` public object FunctionResult;\n` |\n| ` public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public List Logs;\n` |\n| ` public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n` |\n| ` public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public int Revision;\n` |\n| ` }\n` |\n| `}\n` |\n\nReference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink\n\n---\n\nTitle: island/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at bf74e1cb8ef641c764be733cc4b4e24217dc7714 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/src/commit/bf74e1cb8ef641c764be733cc4b4e24217dc7714/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Toonkins-Retooned\nHighlights:\nisland/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at bf74e1cb8ef641c764be733cc4b4e24217dc7714 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\n\nFork\n\nbf74e1cb8e\n\n2024-11-15 20:56:59 -06:00\n\n#### 33 lines 560 B C# RawBlameHistory\n\n| `using System;\n` |\n| --- |\n| `using System.Collections.Generic;\n` |\n| `namespace PlayFab.PlayStreamModels\n` |\n| `{\n` |\n| ` [Serializable]\n` |\n| ` public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult\n` |\n| ` {\n` |\n| ` public int APIRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n` |\n| ` public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public string FunctionName;\n` |\n| ` public object FunctionResult;\n` |\n| ` public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public List Logs;\n` |\n| ` public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n` |\n| ` public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public int Revision;\n` |\n| ` }\n` |\n| `}\n` |\n\nReference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink\n\n---\n\nTitle: island/Assets/PlayFab.ClientModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at bf74e1cb8ef641c764be733cc4b4e24217dc7714 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/src/commit/bf74e1cb8ef641c764be733cc4b4e24217dc7714/Assets/PlayFab.ClientModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Toonkins-Retooned\nHighlights:\nisland/Assets/PlayFab.ClientModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at bf74e1cb8ef641c764be733cc4b4e24217dc7714 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\n\nFork\n\nbf74e1cb8e\n\n2024-11-15 20:56:59 -06:00\n\n#### 34 lines 606 B C# RawBlameHistory\n\n| `using System;\n` |\n| --- |\n| `using System.Collections.Generic;\n` |\n| `using PlayFab.SharedModels;\n` |\n| `namespace PlayFab.ClientModels\n` |\n| `{\n` |\n| ` [Serializable]\n` |\n| ` public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult : PlayFabResultCommon\n` |\n| ` {\n` |\n| ` public int APIRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n` |\n| ` public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public string FunctionName;\n` |\n| ` public object FunctionResult;\n` |\n| ` public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public List Logs;\n` |\n| ` public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n` |\n| ` public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public int Revision;\n` |\n| ` }\n` |\n| `}\n` |\n\nReference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink\n\n---\n\nTitle: island/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at 96efe025856e48b90e368843d6f2a42546b4cfa1 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/src/commit/96efe025856e48b90e368843d6f2a42546b4cfa1/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Toonkins-Retooned\nHighlights:\nisland/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at 96efe025856e48b90e368843d6f2a42546b4cfa1 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\n\nFork\n\n96efe02585\n\n2024-11-15 20:56:59 -06:00\n\n#### 33 lines 560 B C# RawBlameHistory\n\n| `using System;\n` |\n| --- |\n| `using System.Collections.Generic;\n` |\n| `namespace PlayFab.PlayStreamModels\n` |\n| `{\n` |\n| ` [Serializable]\n` |\n| ` public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult\n` |\n| ` {\n` |\n| ` public int APIRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n` |\n| ` public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public string FunctionName;\n` |\n| ` public object FunctionResult;\n` |\n| ` public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public List Logs;\n` |\n| ` public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n` |\n| ` public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public int Revision;\n` |\n| ` }\n` |\n| `}\n` |\n\nReference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink\n\n---\n\nTitle: island/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at ebce5a596c6a375e4382e03ffcf2a05ce8dde630 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\nURL: https://git.indexx.dev/Toonkins-Retooned/island/src/commit/ebce5a596c6a375e4382e03ffcf2a05ce8dde630/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Toonkins-Retooned\nHighlights:\nisland/Assets/PlayFab.PlayStreamModels/ExecuteCloudScriptResult.cs at ebce5a596c6a375e4382e03ffcf2a05ce8dde630 - Toonkins-Retooned/island - Forgejo\n\nFork\n\nebce5a596c\n\n2024-11-15 20:56:59 -06:00\n\n#### 33 lines 560 B C# RawBlameHistory\n\n| `using System;\n` |\n| --- |\n| `using System.Collections.Generic;\n` |\n| `namespace PlayFab.PlayStreamModels\n` |\n| `{\n` |\n| ` [Serializable]\n` |\n| ` public class ExecuteCloudScriptResult\n` |\n| ` {\n` |\n| ` public int APIRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public ScriptExecutionError Error;\n` |\n| ` public double ExecutionTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public string FunctionName;\n` |\n| ` public object FunctionResult;\n` |\n| ` public bool? FunctionResultTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public int HttpRequestsIssued;\n` |\n| ` public List Logs;\n` |\n| ` public bool? LogsTooLarge;\n` |\n| ` public uint MemoryConsumedBytes;\n` |\n| ` public double ProcessorTimeSeconds;\n` |\n| ` public int Revision;\n` |\n| ` }\n` |\n| `}\n` |\n\nReference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink",
            "metadata": {
              "provider": "exa",
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            "title": "Exa Web Search: \"memoryConsumedBytes\":317542400 \"387467610\"",
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          "messageID": "msg_02fe8aef60018c0tT2t1VQ20pV"
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        {
          "reason": "tool-calls",
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The challenging nature of these problems makes them an interesting dataset to improve and test models’ code reasoning capabilities.\\nThis dataset includes millions of real user (human) code submissions to the CodeForces website.… See the full description on the dataset page: 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            "output": "Title: Codeforces Round 1117 (Div. 2) Editorial - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/156058\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nAmazing \n\nGood \n\nOk \n\nBad \n\nTerrible \n\n2257F2 - Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)\n...\nSurprisingly, the main problem with the solution from F1 is memory, not time. A segment tree stores $$$\\mathcal{O}(n)$$$ matrices, each containing $$$x^2$$$ values. For $$$x=10$$$, this does not fit into the memory limit.\n...\nTo reduce memory usage, divide the platforms into blocks of size $$$B$$$ (for example, $$$B=16$$$). For each block, calculate the matrix of the entire block using the same merging formula as in F1. Then build a segment tree only over these block matrices.\n...\nFor a query, at most two blocks are only partially covered by the required range. Process the platforms in these blocks separately, and use the segment tree to combine all blocks that are fully covered. After an update, recalculate the matrix of the affected block and update it in the segment tree.\n...\nFor a block size $$$B$$$, the memory complexity is $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(n+\\frac{n}{B}x^2\\right)$$$.\n...\nEach query takes $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(Bx^2+x^3\\log\\frac{n}{B}\\right)$$$.\n...\nАnd each update takes $$$\\mathcal{O}\\left(Bx^3+x^3\\log\\frac{n}{B}\\right)$$$.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Problemset - Codeforces\nURL: https://codeforces.com/problemset\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nProblemset - Codeforces\n\n|\n\nProblems\n\nCodeforces(c) Copyright 2010-2026 Mike Mirzayanov\n\nThe only programming contests Web 2.0 platform\n\nServer time: Aug/14/2026 12:51:30 (n1).\n\nDesktop version, switch to mobile version.\n\nPrivacy Policy| Terms and Conditions\n\nSupported by\n\nUser lists\n\n| Name |\n| --- |\n\n---\n\nTitle: Codehunt\nURL: https://codehunt.cc/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCodehunt\n\nCodehunt\n\n---\n\nTitle: MMZK1526/Haskell-RM\nURL: https://github.com/mmzk1526/haskell-rm/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n### Busy Beaver, Wheezy Weaver & The Halting Problem\n...\nStrictly speaking, we start all registers from zero, and we want the result of R0 to be as large as possible. Such a machine is known as a **Busy Beaver**, and the objective is to find the best Busy Beaver with n lines for any natural number `n`. Define `b(n)` to be the maximum output of a Busy Beaver with `n` lines, clearly `b` is a function.\n...\nFirstly, we can design a Busy Beaver with `n +\n...\n2` lines that produces `2n` similar to the construction of the `b(5)` machine above. Let us take any total computable function `f`. Then it must have a corresponding Register Machine `R` with `l` lines. We can construct another Register Machine `R'` as following.\n...\nBefore introducing the famous Halting Problem, let us look at a variation of Busy Beaver: we still initialise all registers with 0, but instead of trying to produce the largest number possible, this time we attempt to make our machine run with as many steps as possible. We call such machines **Wheezy Weavers**, and define `w(n)` as the most steps a n-line Wheezy Weaver can produce.\n...\nLike `b`, `w` is also not computable, and the proof is similar. Firstly, notice that if `f(x) = y`, then the Register Machine corresponding to `f` (if exists) must take at leat `y` steps to calculate the result,\n...\nthe result is in R0\n...\n0, but each\n...\nincrement R0 by at most 1\n...\nIn particular,\n...\nIt is time to discuss the famous **Halting Problem**. Simply speaking, we would like to know if a Register Machine would terminate under a given input. While we can easily \"eye-ball\" simple machines to know if it halts, there is no general algorithm that can determine ternimation for any Register Machines. In other words, the Halting Problem is undecidable.\n...\nWe can define a function `h` that takes the list encoding of the Gödel number of a machine as well as a series of arguments, returning 1 if the input machine terminates with the input arguments, otherwise 0. Clearly, `h` is a total function.\n...\nThe most iconic proof for the incomputability of `h` introduces a wrapper around it and produces a contradiction. Here, however, we will prove that `h`, if computable, can be used to build a Register Machine for the Busy Beaver function `b`.\n...\nFor any natural number `n`, we can develop a Register Machine that generates the Gödel number of all `n`-line Register Machine such that the register indices are between 0 and `n - 1` while the line numbers are between 0 and `n`. It is clear that all Register Machines with `n` lines are equivalent to one of these, because such machines can declare at most `n` registers, and all line numbers not between 0 and `n - 1` have the same behaviour as line `n` (namely implicit Halt).\n...\nWe can imagine that\n...\nWith this machine and the [URM](#Universal-Register-Machine), one can simulate the execution of the generated machines one by one, and return the largest R0 value in each simulation. There is one caveat, however, as the simulation would last forever if the corresponding machine does not terminate on input 0. But if we have a machine that solves the Halting Problem, we can use it to check for termination and ignore those that does not finish. In this way, we are effectively building a machine corresponding to `b`. Therefore, the Halting Problem function `h` is not computable.\n...\nWe will end this long section with a final remark on Wheezy Weavers. If a `n`-line Register Machine executes with no less steps than `w(n)`, clearly it is not going to terminate. This not only gives us another proof on the incomputability of `w`, but also a stronger result: if a function `f` is greater than `w`, namely `f(n) >= w(n)` for all sufficiently large `n`, then `f` is not computable. If not, we can run the machine for `f` first before simulating the exeuction with an extended URM that also keeps track of the number of steps. If the number is greater than `f(n)`, we can immediately determine that the machine does not terminate, which is impossible.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Course Paper Implementation of a Turing simulator\nURL: https://www.readkong.com/page/course-paper-5166496\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Page created by Alex Hunter\nHighlights:\nThe question for the programming language is almost implicitly resolved after the core components\nthat will be used, have been introduced. Java is dropped at the first instant because of lack of\nflexibility in regard to data structure management8 . wxWidgets does not provide less than two\nexternal bindings for Perl and Python, but my choice is C++, since it is fully compiled9 and because\n...\nthere is polymorphism10 , overloading and templates in C++. Especially inheritance contributes to\nshorter code for the invented data structures, compared to when they would be done in ANSI C.\n...\nOn another page, (author?) [Bertol], we can find another Java applet that implements a certain\n...\nkind of automaton — according to the URI and its operating behavior, this must be a Busy\n...\nBeaver12 . This simulator is also limited in his abilities — probably because it is only a demo\n...\nversion. Only debug functionality (“single” button) is available, reprogramming is not.\n...\nsuccessor states. The table in which these successor states\n...\nstored (jump table)\n...\nan A+\n...\nTree16\n...\n(author?) [libHX\n...\nstates of an SNode are each\n...\n, Movement, Successor statei\n...\n[Bertol] Java applet demonstrating a Busy Beaver\n...\nMichael Bertol, Holger Peterson, Horst Prote, August 1996\n                    http://www.fmi.uni-stuttgart.de/ti/personen/Bertol/beaver/bbb.\n...\n13\n\n---\n\nTitle: Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests...\nURL: https://github.com/MMZK1526/Haskell-RM\nPublished: 2021-11-26T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: MMZK1526\nHighlights:\nA CLI that evaluates [**Register Machines**](#Register-Machine) efficiently in Haskell. It also provides an library defining and simulating Register Machines that can be embedded in Haskell code.\n...\n### Busy Beaver, Wheezy Weaver & The Halting Problem\n...\nStrictly speaking, we start all registers from zero, and we want the result of R0 to be as large as possible. Such a machine is known as a\n...\nBusy Beaver**, and the objective is to find the best Busy Beaver with n lines for any natural number `n`. Define `b(n)` to be the maximum output of a Busy Beaver with `n` lines,\n...\n`b` is a function.\n...\nFirstly, we can design a Busy Beaver with `n + 2` lines that produces `2n` similar to the construction of the `b(5)` machine above\n...\nLet us take any total computable function `f`. Then it must have a corresponding Register Machine `R` with `l` lines. We can construct another Register Machine `R'` as following\n...\nBefore introducing the famous Halting Problem, let us look at a variation of Busy Beaver: we still initialise all registers with 0, but instead of trying to produce the largest number possible, this time we attempt to make our machine run with as many steps as possible. We call such machines **Wheezy Weavers**, and define `w(n)` as the most steps a n-line Wheezy Weaver can produce.\n...\nnot computable, and\n...\nproof is similar\n...\n(if exists\n...\nis time to discuss the famous\n...\nHalting Problem\n...\nSimply speaking, we would like\n...\nknow if a\n...\nMachine would terminate under a\n...\nwe can easily\n...\n-ball\" simple machines to\n...\nRegister Machines.\n...\nthe Halting Problem is undecidable\n...\nThe most iconic proof for the incomputability of `\n...\nit and produces a contradiction\n...\nHere, however, we will prove that `h`, if computable\n...\nused to build a Register Machine for\n...\nBusy Beaver function `b`.\n...\nany natural number\n...\nn` lines\n...\nline `n\n...\nWith this machine and the [URM](#Universal-Register-Machine), one can simulate the execution of the generated machines one by one, and return the largest R0 value in each simulation. There is one caveat, however, as the simulation would last forever if the corresponding machine does not terminate on input 0. But if we have a machine that solves the Hal\n...\nProblem, we can use it to check for termination and ignore those that does not finish. In this way, we are effectively building a machine corresponding\n...\n`b`. Therefore,\n...\nfunction `h` is not computable\n...\nzy Weavers\n\n---\n\nTitle: Interview: Daniel Linssen - csanyk.com\nURL: https://csanyk.com/2014/05/interview-daniel-linssen/?share=print\nPublished: 2014-05-24T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: Chris Sanyk\nHighlights:\nDL: Surprisingly not long at all. I mentioned it in the post mortem but I made a movement and collision engine called the Beaver Engine which I used as my starting point. The Beaver Engine is a stripped down version of Busy Busy Beaver, one of my previous game jam games, which took about 12 hours to write the code for.\n...\nIt took a little rewriting to add in the underground physics and make it all work properly but overall\n...\nbasic engine was pretty painless.\n...\nDL: Well I\n...\nwhile making BBB\n...\nit just wasn’t\n...\nto be that innovative, so I focused on making it fun and silly and pretty.\n...\nopposite direction and focused\n...\na story, detailed\n...\nDL: In general, if I have a game mechanic to work around, I try to explore that mechanic in as much depth as possible. For The Sun And Moon, I looked at all the different types of movement that the mechanic allowed for (e.g. diving down into the floor, jumping up and through a block, falling off a tall platform and diving deep into the ground below, jumping through a thin wall, jumping into and up through a block) and came up with levels that made the player use these tricks. I wrote all my ideas down on paper first since I’d often have multiple levels ideas come to me at once.\n\n---\n\nTitle: More Effective C++ | Book\nURL: http://ptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/imprint_downloads/informit/aw/meyerscddemo/demo/mec/m.htm\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nnumber or placement of objects, how\n...\nobject, how\n...\ncreate \"smart pointers,\" and more.\n...\n24 focus on efficiency. No matter what\n...\nare in this book mere background information.\n...\nA better solution is\n...\nadopt the advice of Item\n...\n` and`\n\n---\n\nTitle: 1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE - BusyBeaverWiki\nURL: https://wiki.bbchallenge.org/wiki/BMO1\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n`1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE` (bbch), called BMO #1, is a holdout BB(6) TM discovered by @-d on 25 Jun 2024 which is modeled by the Piecewise Affine Function: \n\n```\nA(a, b) -> A(a-b, 4b+2) if a > b\nA(a, b) -> A(2a+1, b-a) if a < b\nA(a, b) -> Halt if a = b\n\nStart A(1, 2)\n...\nfor `A(a, b) = 0^inf 10^{a-1} 0 1^b E> 0^inf`. The configuration is always valid because $a≥1$ is always maintained. Forward simulations of this model by @-d and Andrew Ducharme do not halt after 100,000,000 iterations of the map `A(a,b)`. It is the inspiration for the Beaver Math Olympiad. \n\nThe rules and the derivation of the function condition were proved in Lean [1]. \n\n## Relation to Other Math Problems\n...\nI got these rules for f(\n...\nand 1<=b<=\n...\nf(a,\n...\n(a-b+1,4b-1) if b < a+2\n...\nf(a,a+2) -> halt\n...\nf(a,b) -> f(2a+2,b-a-1) if b > a+2\n...\nI ran these rules from f(0,3) and gave up after reaching a,b > 2^1000000. It looks like halting becomes less and less likely. Is there a way to show this runs forever (or miraculously halts)?\n...\n@Shawn Ligocki — 25 Jun 2024 at 11:56 PM ET: \n\n```\nI can confirm roughly the same rules (I chose a slightly different standard config):\n1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE\n\nE(a, b, c)  =  0^inf 10^a 0 10^b 1^c E> 0^inf\n\nBase Rules:\n  E(a+1, b, c+2) -> E(a, b+2, c+1)\n  E(a+1, b, 1)   -> E(a, 0, 2b+6)\n  E(0,   b, c+2) -> E(b+2, 0, c+1)\n  E(0,   b, 1)   -> Halt(b+4)\n\nHigh-level Rules:\n  E(a, 0, c+1)  -->  E(a-c-1, 0, 4c+6)  if a > c\n  E(a, 0, c+1)  -->  E(2a+2, 0, c-a)    if a < c\n  E(a, 0, c+1)  -->  Halt(2c+4)         if a = c\n\nConnecting to your notation @-d : f(a, b+2) -> E(a, 0, b+1) \n\n```\n...\n@Shawn Ligocki — 26 Jun 2024 at 12:25 AM\n...\nMaybe we can simplify a little bit more. Set (a, c) = E(a, 0, c+1) then the rules are\n(a, c) -> (a-c-1, 4c+5) if a > c\n(a, c) -> (2a+2, c-a-1) if a < c\n(a, c) -> Halt if a = c\n...\n26 Jun\n...\n24 at 2:32 PM\n...\nIf we let A(a, c) = (a-1, c-1), we can get these rules:\n```\nA(a, c) -> A(a-c, 4c+2) if a > c\nA(a, c) -> A(2a+1, c-a) if a < c\nA(a, c) -> Halt if a = c\n```\n\n---\n\nTitle: 1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE - BusyBeaverWiki\nURL: https://wiki.bbchallenge.org/wiki/1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n`1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE` (bbch), called BMO #1, is a holdout BB(6) TM discovered by @-d on 25 Jun 2024 which is modeled by the Piecewise Affine Function: \n\n```\nA(a, b) -> A(a-b, 4b+2) if a > b\nA(a, b) -> A(2a+1, b-a) if a < b\nA(a, b) -> Halt if a = b\n\nStart A(1, 2)\n...\nfor `A(a, b)\n...\n0^inf 10^{a-1} 0 1^b E> 0^inf`. The configuration is always valid because $a≥1$ is always maintained. Forward simulations of this model by @-d and Andrew Ducharme do not halt after 100,000,000 iterations of the map `A(a,b)`. It is the inspiration for the Beaver Math Olympiad. \n\nThe rules and the derivation of the function condition were proved in Lean [1]. \n\n## Relation to Other Math Problems\n...\nI ran these rules\n...\nf(0,3) and gave up after\n...\na,b > 2^1000000. It looks like halting becomes less and less likely. Is there a way to show this runs forever (or miraculously halts)?\n...\n@Shawn Ligocki — 25 Jun 2024 at 11:56 PM ET: \n\n```\nI can confirm roughly the same rules (I chose a slightly different standard config):\n1RB1RE_1LC0RA_0RD1LB_---1RC_1LF1RE_0LB0LE\n\nE(a, b, c)  =  0^inf 10^a 0 10^b 1^c E> 0^inf\n\nBase Rules:\n  E(a+1, b, c+2) -> E(a, b+2, c+1)\n  E(a+1, b, 1)   -> E(a, 0, 2b+6)\n  E(0,   b, c+2) -> E(b+2, 0, c+1)\n  E(0,   b, 1)   -> Halt(b+4)\n\nHigh-level Rules:\n  E(a, 0, c+1)  -->  E(a-c-1, 0, 4c+6)  if a > c\n  E(a, 0, c+1)  -->  E(2a+2, 0, c-a)    if a < c\n  E(a, 0, c+1)  -->  Halt(2c+4)         if a = c\n\nConnecting to your notation @-d : f(a, b+2) -> E(a, 0, b+1) \n\n```\n...\nMaybe we can simplify a little bit more. Set (a, c) = E(a, 0, c+1) then the rules are\n(a, c) -> (a-c-1, 4c+5) if a > c\n(a, c) -> (2a+2, c-a-1) if a < c\n(a, c) -> Halt if a = c\n...\n26 Jun\n...\n24 at\n...\n2:32 PM\n...\nIf we let A(a, c) = (a-1, c-1), we can get these rules:\n```\nA(a, c) -> A(a-c, 4c+2) if a > c\nA(a, c) -> A(2a+1, c-a) if a < c\nA(a, c) -> Halt if a = c\n```\n\n---\n\nTitle: Historically Accurate Game Jam 4\nURL: https://itch.io/jam/historically-accurate-4/topic/1476666/hagj-devlog-team-twin-beaver-studios\nPublished: 2021-06-19T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nMy programming teammates, Rohith and SneakySteve, have been hard at work on implementing movement and UI. Below is the snippet of the design doc our programmers are starting with before moving on to the more time consuming parts of development. Once this is done they''ll be getting into the more fun parts, like the enemy AI.\n...\n- Movement (left, right, jumping)\n- menu screen\n- victory screen\n- options screen\n- credits screen\n...\nsetback we did get\n...\nwork done today, like this attack animation I did\n...\n. along with some basic animations for our main\n...\n(which is\n...\nabove animation you can still see me selecting the particle system in unity (hence\n...\nboxes) since it isn't automatically triggered yet, but i think it's looking pretty good so far. Tomorrow I finish up character animations and move on to environment in collaboration\n...\nthe programmers, Rohith\n...\nOur composer, Ryken, did some neat voice over work today along with the SFX for our enemies and main boss. He plans on continuing this work tomorrow and possibly moving on to cutscenes. However, I need give him some basic \"\"animatic\"\"previews so he can time things right - I have some of this done, but the gif doesn''t want to upload so you''ll have to wait till tomorrow for a sneak peak :D\n...\nOf course, we gotta talk about the work our programmers are doing. Rohith has been working on level design and enemy AI for our main boss which he plans on continuing tomorrow along with designs for two other rooms. Room design is looking pretty good and I can't wait to see the finished product. Steve has been helping out with this as well and will also be starting work on the AI for our little friend up there.\n...\nbut certainly not least\n...\nIt''s that time of day again, welcome back to Team Beaver''s devlog! We got some good work done today. I finished off the highest priority character animations (with only one more high-ish priority animation left). I had a panic attack at 3am thinking I erased half my animations and turns out, yeah, I did... but thankfully version control saved me - whew. Anyway , now that this is mostly done I can move on to making some neat atmospheric particle effects, environmental assets, and cutscenes. It''s difficult to record the particle effects but i have a gif of one below as a preview (with the orange unity boxes unfortunately highlighting the particles). I''ll put a still of the little projectile to the right for a better idea of the in-game look.\n...\nNow on to the great progress our programmers had today. Rohith successfully got Huitzil's controls working and perhaps after a bit of animation tweaking we'll be able to provide a sneak peak of this tomorrow or thursday. Rohith also got the level designs down and is working on transitions between levels. Our second programmer, Steve, implemented the enemy AI for our common enemy and helped out with refining Huitzil's controls. They've both been doing great things and I can't wait to see the end result.\n...\nFinally, our composer and sound designer\n...\nRyken, did some layout and setup for the audio events using FMOD in Unity. It's all very complicated and, I'll be honest, I have no idea how he's doing it.\n...\nOur programmers have been continuing work for enemy AI both for our main boss and common enemy. Rohith and Steve integrated Huitzil's animations for movement and attacking, started preliminary work on scene transitions, and also began integrating the enemy animations. Rohith plans to continue scene transitions and integration of animations tomorrow. It's amazing to see my art and animations come to life - programming is really the backbone of any game dev project!\n\n---\n\nTitle: The Shape of Code » 2016 » June\nURL: https://shape-of-code.com/2016/06/\nPublished: 2016-06-01T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: Derek Jones\nHighlights:\n.\n\nWhile writing my C book I refined the following approach to finding high quality papers and created filtering rules for the subjects it covered. The rules below are being applied to papers relating to my Empirical Software Engineering book. I don’t claim any usefulness for these rules outside of academic software engineering research.\n\nI use a scatter gun approach to obtain a basic collection of papers followed by ruthless filtering.\n\nThe scatter gun approach might start with one or two papers; following links on Google Scholar or even just Google search results filtered on “filetype:pdf”, in the past I have used CiteSeer which Google now does a better job of indexing, and Semantic Scholar is now starting to be quite good.\n\nAfter 30 minutes or so I have 50 pdfs (I download maybe 4,000 a year). Now I need to quickly filter the nonsense to end up with maybe 10 that I will spend 5 minutes each reading, leaving maybe 2 or 3 for detailed reading (often not the original ones I started with).\n\nWhen dealing with this kind of volume you have to be ruthless.\n\nSpend just 10 seconds on the first pass. If a paper has some merits, let it remain for the next pass. Scan the paper looking for major indicators of clueless nonsense; these are not hard to spot, don’t linger, hit the delete (if data is involved, it is worth quickly checking the footnotes for a url to a dataset, which may be new and worth collecting):\n\n- it relies on machine learning,\n- it relies on information theory,\n- it relies on Halstead’s metric,\n- it investigates software quality. This is a marketing term used to give a patina of relevance to the worthless metric that is likely used in the research. Be on the lookout for other high relevance terms being used to provide a positive association with a worthless metric, e.g., developer productivity defined as volume of code written\n- it involves fault prediction. Academic folk psychology includes a belief that some project files contain more faults than other files, because more faults are reported in some files than others (or even that entire projects are more reliable because fewer faults have been reported). This is a case of the drunk searching under a streetlight for lost keys because that is where the ground can be seen. Faults are found by executing code, more execution means more faults. I only know of two papers that are exceptions to this rule (one of them is discussed here),\n- the primary claim in the conclusion is to have done something novel. Research requires doing new stuff, novel is a key attribute that is rather pointless for its own sake. Typing code using your nose would be novel, but would you want to spend more than 10 seconds reading a paper on the subject (and this example is at the more sensible end of the spectrum of novel research I have read about).\n\nThe first pass removes around 70-80% of the papers, at least for me.\n\nFor the second pass I will spend a minute or so doing a slightly slower scan. This often cuts the papers remaining in half.\n\nBy now, I have been collecting and filtering for over 90 minutes; time to do something else, perhaps not returning for many hours.\n\nThe third pass involves trying to read the paper. The question is: Am I having trouble reading this paper because the author has managed to compress a lot of useful information into a publication page limit, or is the paper so bad I cannot see the wood for the dead trees?\n\nAnswering this question takes practice and some knowledge of the subject area. You will speed up with practice and learning about the subject.\n\nSome things that might be thought worth paying attention to, but should be ignored:\n\n- don’t bother looking at the names of the authors or which university they work at (who wrote the paper almost always provides no clues to its quality; there are very few exceptions to this and you will learn who they are over time),\n- ignore the journal or conference that published the paper (gold nuggets appear everywhere and high impact venues only restrict the clueless nonsense to the current trendy topics and papers citing the ‘right’ people),\n- ignore year of publication, quality is ageless (and sometimes fades from view because research fashions change).\n\nIf you have your own tips for finding the gold nuggets in software engineering, please let me know.\n\n## Predicting the next value in an integer sequence\n\n June 7, 2016 Derek Jones 3 comments \n\nThere was a Kaggle meetup group hackathon on Saturday. Integer sequence learning is a recently posted Kaggle challenge; build a model to predict the next value in an integer sequence, with example data coming from the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. How could I not want to try my hand at this challenge, and I signed up for the hackathon hoping to find like-minded folk.\n\nMy only previous encounter with mining the OEIS was a paper that attempted to combine two or more existing sequences to match one existing sequence and to contribute a few sequences I had found.\n\nThe event was well attended, and I found a fellow enthusiast in Lampros.\n\nWe kicked around a few ideas and while I jumped in and started investigating the characteristics of the data, Lampros started searching for solutions that others had found to the next value in an integer sequence problem (a much more sensible approach, but probably not as much fun as jumping in feet first; this was his first hackathon, so he has not picked up any bad habits yet ;-).\n\nThis is one of those few problems when over-fitting is required for things to work.\n\nI concentrated on characterizing the 113,845 sequences in the training set and the following is a summary (code and data):\n\n- 74,465 sequences contained a maximum value less than and 98,916 less than . So symbolic maths is going to be needed (a shame since I had found tscount, an R package for analyzing count time series),\n- a goodly 72,202 sequences are in sorted order, leaving 41,643 to go up and down,\n- The least significant digit of the values in many sequences are a subset of the ten possible values. The following is a list of the number of unique least significant digits in the training sequences: \n- ```\n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 \n 1289 4692 6800 11589 15773 13701 7635 8644 10837 32885\n```\n- After removing sequences containing fewer than 20 values (the -1 count)\n- ```\n   -1     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10 \n33398   764  3006  3171  6068  8930  7898  3690  5604  9073 32243\n```\n\nLampros found Martin Rubey’s work on guessing formulas for sequences, which had an Open Source implementation using FriCAS (source code, which needs Steel Bank Common Lisp to build, which itself needs your OS to support 512 open files {OS X default is 256}).\n\nOther software and papers include: the gfun package plus paper, sequence prediction in Mathematica and a Masters thesis on Inductive Inference of Integer Sequences.\n\nThese systems are all based on fitting, a potentially very complicated, polynomial to each sequence and achieve a success rate of around 20% on the complete OEIS.\n\nWhat are the characteristics of the 80% for which a polynomial fit does not predict the next value? Perhaps there are not enough values specified in these sequence to fit the necessary polynomial. Perhaps the values grow at a faster rate than can be fitted by any polynomial expression, e.g., the Busy beaver function.\n\nA 11:00-17:00 hackathon is not really enough time to get anything sensible up and running. People doing Masters projects had more hours and were managing to get around 20% correct.\n\nThe competition leaderboard currently has somebody with a score of 0.74. This is a big lead over everybody else. Am I being cynical by thinking the model might be reading the OEIS text to find the formula describing the sequence and then evaluating this?\n\nComparing Computer Models Solving Number Series Problems provides an interesting review of systems using an AI based approach, i.e., trying to mimic what people do.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Tidal Rush – Club 250\nURL: https://club.steam250.com/app/3365660\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nactivity is interfering with Tidal Rush’s racing schedule. Clear\n...\nmake way for future races and enjoy making things go ‘BOOM’.\n\n---\n\nTitle: Unreal Archive / Unreal Tournament (UT99) / Maps / BunnyTrack\nURL: https://unrealarchive.org/unreal-tournament/maps/bunnytrack/M/index.html\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: MMI\nHighlights:\n| BT-(MMI)Jump | Bunnytrack: Jump | 1-12 |\n...\n| BT-(MMI)J\n...\n-4-noobs\n...\nBT:J\n...\n4 noobs\n...\n| ctf-bt-(MMI)Jump | Bunnytrack: Jump | 1-12 |\n| CTF-BT-(MMI)Jump-v3 | Bunnytrack: Jump (v3) | 1-12 |\n| ctf-bt-(MMI)Jumping-4-noobs | BT:Jumping 4 noobs | 2-6 |\n| CTF-BT-(MMI)Jumping-4-noobs | BT:Jumping 4 noobs | 2-6 |\n\n---\n\nTitle: RoflGames.com\nURL: https://roflgames.com/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Enlighten Designs\nHighlights:\nJuly 8th 2017 'Vinter Summer' Game #2 - Beaver Squad\n...\nBeaver Squad! Hmmm this one might need some explaining,\n...\n'Beaver Squad' now available on Itch.io\n...\nYoYo Games Competition In 2009, YoYo Games(the company that took over development on GameMaker) launched several themed competitions. One of these were themed 'Environment'. I thought: \"It's my time to shine\", and started creating a game that'd dazzle the judges and claim me the top prize! Dazzle Dazzle When I start a new project, usually what I do is dive into my Vinter Vault (a collection of some 1000 songs that I nabbed from Vinter's harddrive). Most the time, I let the music do the working. I'm actually not a very creative guy, I just happen to have a very visual connection with sound. I stumbled upon the song'Dance Like An Octopus' on Vinter's Survival Of The Fattest album. For some reason, an image of a 'radiation gnashing beaver' flashed across my mind, not an octopus. So that's what I ended up with. Download the game on Itch.io, or play it right here in your browser (Beaver Squad 1.0, HTML5).\n\n---\n\nTitle: 500 Lines or LessDagoba: An In-Memory Graph Database\nURL: https://aosabook.org/en/500L/dagoba-an-in-memory-graph-database.html\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Dann Toliver\nHighlights:\nWithin this chapter we're going to build a graph database3. As we build it we're going to explore the problem space, generate multiple solutions for our design decisions, compare those solutions to understand the tradeoffs between them, and finally choose the right solution for our system. A higher-than-usual precedence is put on code compactness, but the process will otherwise mirror that used by software professionals since time immemorial. The purpose of this chapter is to teach this process. And to build a graph database4.\n...\nLet's solve a few of the problems we've discovered. Having our vertices and edges be global constructs limits us to one graph at a time, but we'd like to have more. To solve this we'll need some structure. Let's start with a namespace.\n...\nNow we need some graphs. We can build these using a classic OOP pattern, but JavaScript offers us prototypal inheritance, which means we can build up a prototype object—we'll call it`Dagoba.G`—and then instantiate copies of that using a factory function. An advantage of this approach is that we can return different types of objects from the factory, instead of binding the creation process to a single class constructor. So we get some extra flexibility for free.\n...\n```\nDagoba.G = {}                                   // the prototype\n...\nDagoba.graph = function(V, E) {                 // the factory\n...\nvar graph = Object.create(\n...\noba.G )\n...\ngraph.edges       = []                        // fresh copies so they're not shared\n  graph.vertices    = []\n  graph.vertexIndex = {}                        // a lookup optimization\n\n  graph.\n...\noid = 1                              // an auto-incrementing ID counter\n\n  if(Array.isArray(V)) graph.addVertices(\n...\n// arrays only, because you wouldn't\n  if(Array.isArray(E))\n...\n//\n...\nwith singular V and E\n\n  return\n...\n_in`,\n...\nfindOutEdges\n...\nedges || !\n...\n## Interpreter, Unveiled\n...\noba.Q.run = function() {                 // a machine for query processing\n\n  var max = this.program.length - 1         // index of the last step in the program\n  var maybe_gremlin = false                 // a gremlin, a signal string, or false\n  var results = []                          // results for this particular run\n  var done = -1\n...\nbehindwhich things have finished\n  var pc = max                              // our program counter\n\n  var step, state, pipetype\n\n  while(done < max\n...\nvar ts = this.state\n    step = this\n...\nprogram[pc\n...\n// step is a pair of pipetype and args\n    state = (ts[pc] = ts[pc] || {})         // this step's state must be an object\n    pipetype = Dagoba\n...\ngetPipetype(step[0\n...\na pipetype is just\n\n---\n\nTitle: Boost CCG, a collectible card game about C++, software engineering, and surviving product management\nURL: https://ccg.boost.org/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nBeaver · Junior dev\n...\nThe protagonist. Relentlessly optimistic: believes every bug is fixable and every feature shippable if you just keep building. Eager, earnest, and occasionally in over his head.\n...\nField limit:\n...\n5 Libraries. To play a sixth, discard one first (in Strict Mode, discarding a depended-on Library triggers a crash). The C++ version is a global state affecting both players. By default the current standard is in effect and any Library may be played. A version-restriction effect locks both players; you can't lock only\n...\nopponent. So restriction cards\n...\nonly worth it if your deck handles them better than theirs\n...\nBeaver · Junior dev\n...\nThe protagonist. Relentlessly optimistic: believes every bug is fixable and every feature shippable if you just keep building. Eager, earnest, and occasionally in over his head.\n\n---\n\nTitle: C++ Syllabus INFO1-CE9264,5,6\nURL: https://markmeretzky.com/INFO1-CE9264/syllabus.html\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\ninheritance in Part II. Master the design of the Standard Template Library: containers, iterators, and algorithms; iterator traits and iterator categories, predicates and other function objects, and adapters. Learn how the STL delivers performance competitive with hand-crafted assembly language; decipher the library error messages by tracing how the algorithms are dispatched. Exploit iterators and other design patterns to achieve a loosely coupled architecture for migrating software to new environments and international locales. Large-scale programming exercises. Prerequisite: C++ Part II INFO1-CE9265.\n\n## Prerequisites\n\nThis is a series of courses for people who already know C. The following is an exact definition of how much C you need to know before beginning Part I. You must know how to use a pointer, a structure, and a pointer to a structure; and you must be able to pass the latter as an argument to a function. You must also know the pairs of C functions fopen/ fclose and malloc/ free. All of this will be reviewed in C++ Part I using the examples at http://i5.nyu.edu/~mm64/INFO1-CE9264/src/\n\nThe prerequisite for Part II is Part I. The prerequisite for Part III is Part II.\n\n## How these courses fit into the certificate\n\nSee the Certificate in C++ Programming.\n\n## What to purchase for this course\n\nNothing. The textbook for the course is free and online at http://i5.nyu.edu/~mm64/INFO1-CE9236/src/ http://i5.nyu.edu/~mm64/book/ You don’t have to buy it, but you’ll have to print it out or bring it on a laptop as we cover it, chapter by chapter, in class.\n\nYou can use any C and C++ compiler, including Microsoft, Borland, Sun, or GNU, on any platform. Free GNU compilers are available online from Bloodshed. If you don’t already have a computer (or even if you do), you get free access to the GNU C and C++ compilers on the Sun Solaris Unix machine i5.nyu.edu, which can be used at any of the computer labs on campus, or at your home or work by logging into it from your PC or Mac. The necessary communications software (PuTTY or ssh respectively) is free.\n\n## Examinations and major assignments\n\nThere are no exams. I can serve you better by using all 35 hours of class time per part to tell you about C++ and to entertain questions.\n\nThere will be many individual homeworks, all of them C or C++ programs. For each program, hand in the program itself and the output thereof on paper, one week after it was assigned. (You can postal mail it to me at NYU if you’re going to be absent.) I will return each homework to you one week after you hand it in, with every error corrected. (Eager beavers can have their homework corrected and returned to them on the night they hand it in, during the intermission.) You get no credit for uploading a program after I have given out the answer; assignments handed in after I give out the answer are invariably copies of my answers.\n\nI post each week’s homework on the course home page the morning after each lecture. Whether you are present or absent, you should check the home page each week to find out what the homework was, and to see if any errors were discovered in the course materials. To show you in advance how much work to expect, the previous semester’s assignments are kept online on the home page.\n\n## Grading\n\nYour grade will be based on the homeworks you hand in on paper. If you do the homeworks correctly, you get a good grade. If you do the homeworks incorrectly, you get a bad grade. For example, if less than 50% of your homeworks produce the correct output, you will fail the course. (I mention this only for legal reasons. In real life, no one ever comes close to having only 50% of their homeworks produce the correct output. Everyone does almost all the coursework or almost none of the coursework.) To produce the correct output, or indeed any output at all, your programs must compile, link, and run.\n\nTo collaborate with one or two other people, you may collectively hand in one copy of every assignment with the names of the two or three authors. You must stay with the same partner(s) throughout the semester, and you will all receive the same grade. In the real world you will program with other people, so I encourage you to do so now. Two people usually do a better job than one; it’s also less work for me to read.\n\nYou must do all your own work with no help from anyone except your partner(s), if any. You will fail the course if I receive two copies of the same work from people who are not partners, or work on which you were helped by a person who is not your partner. After you’re caught, it is too late to make the other person your partner. You will also fail the course if you hand in copies of my answers, or anybody else’s answers. Plagiarists are subject to the ridicule of their peers.\n\nI will not tell you your grade. I mail the grades to NYU immediately after the last lecture of the course, I don’t know how long it will take NYU to make your grade available to you. They will provide a printed transcript.\n\nSCPS dean Carl F. Lebowitz (carl.lebowitz@nyu.edu) says “Incomplete grades should be given only in rare circumstances where a student has been able to complete nearly all of the course assignments by the end of the semester and has submitted the Incomplete Contract in advance regarding the situation.” NYU also says that to receive a passing grade, students must attend 80% of the course.\n\nYou can request NE for non-evaluative, P/F for pass/fail, and I for incomplete. See policies and procedures.\n\n## Course Objectives\n\nThis is a series of courses in C++ programming. In addition to covering the language itself (“where to put the semicolons”) and its standard library, we use classes and objects to organize and package programs better than could be done in languages that lack these features. This is called object-based programming. For example, Part I often presents the same program first in C, without classes and objects, and then in C++, with classes and objects.\n\nWhen augmented with inheritance and virtual functions in Part II, object-based programming becomes object-oriented programming. When augmented with templates and the C++ Standard Template Library in Part III, we have generic programming. We cover all three methodologies of programming; the series is offered under the name “Object-Oriented Programming” only for marketing reasons.\n\nPart I also covers function name overloading, default values for function arguments, inline functions, and pointers to members. Part II also covers operator overloading, formatted input and output with i/o manipulators, file input and output (including random access), dynamic memory allocation with`new` and`delete`, the containers`vector` and`list`, and error detection and recovery with exceptions. namespaces, runtime type identification, and internationalization with`locale`’s.\n\n## Overview of Sessions\n\nThe chapter for each session is already online, containing every example we will work through and its references. The topics are spread out over three parts, of ten weekly lectures each, of three hours each.\n\n## C++ Part I: INFO1-CE9264\n\n### The C subset of C++\n\nIn theory, C++ is a superset of C. In practice, however, many features of C should not be used in C++:`printf`,`scanf`,`#define`, etc. We begin with their superior C++ equivalents:`<<` and`>>` in place of`printf` and`scanf`,`const` and inline functions in place of`#define`, etc.`<<` and`>>` require a brisk review of operator precedence, associativity, and side effects in C and C++.\n\nWe round up all the features of C++ that have nothing to do with classes and objects to avoid later digressions. These include the placement of declarations,`inline` functions, function name overloading, default values for function arguments (bound at compile time, evaluated at runtime), calling C functions from a C++ program, C`NULL` vs. C++`0` for pointers, and the C++ syntax for casting\n\n---\n\nTitle: Dev Diary #9: One Week Break\nURL: http://www.klonk-games.com/2014/03/dev-diary-9/\nPublished: 2014-03-25T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: Robin\nHighlights:\nDev Diary #9: One Week Break\n\n# Dev Diary #9: One week off :)\n\n Posted on March 25, 2014 by Robin \n\nGood morning boys and girls! We have to take some time off the Mercury Shift 3D and finish a different project.\n\nSo this week we still had some great stuff going on. The gamedesigners finished their work on the canyon levels, which means they are ready for art integration.\n\nPart of the improvements added to the game lately is a new camera-orientation system. Although Mic has finished his work on that, Oli integrated it now in every level. It allows smoother controls over the camera. To implement the system, Oli, Beff and Matt worked out a set of rules for the camera. Visibility of points of interest, player movement and such things are considered in these rules.\n\nCamera movement is one of those things that will not necessarily be noticed by every player. The only exception here being a bad camera movement system, which will throw you off the game-flow. Maybe you will spot the difference in this video. We have parallel-played a level with the new and with the old system. Although barely noticeable if you do not focus on it, it makes a difference in play.\n\nThe players are now able to see, where they are jumping and certain areas of interest can be shown to the player.\n\nRelentless Mic has been collaborating with Simon to work with the death-areas. I am pretty excited about that collaboration, as Mic being a great coder and Simon a shader wizard. This time the two worked on the display of death-areas. They are a pretty important part of the game, as players will be confronted with them quite a lot. They come in a lot of different sizes, which makes it complicated to find an applicable visual interpretation that can be re-sized to all of your needs. You would have to create a lot of different assets for every application of the death-area.\n\nThe answer to the problem was mesh-generation. Using a “simple” mesh as template, Mic would build a script that generates a mesh to a certain set of rules. The areas have a fixed-size border and are vertex-painted by code.\n\nTo achieve the desired result, Mic had to generate every vertex, its vcolor and the texture coordinates. As you may have noted from the picture above, this required quite a bit of planning and complex layout. The result is visible with our debugging-shaders here:\n\nSo every time somebody sets up a death-area with varying size, this tiny little button “Generate Mesh” makes a visual death-area out of it.\n\nThis makes all of our lives easier and takes some work off our desks. Nevertheless, mesh-generation is a pretty hard thing to do and will be used in only some rare cases.\n\nAnd this is the result:\n\nSpeaking of the death-areas: for some areas we tried using round shapes as colliders. This gives a more dynamic feel to them, as you can pass them by a little easier. Visually, nothing is changing but you now can trick death by ignoring the hard edges of the object. Mind that this is only the case for critical areas, not in general.\n\nSo only the rounds parts bring the inevitable with them. the outer part of the capsule is safe.\n\nFurthermore Mic implemented the highlight system for objects. It outlines the object you are about to interact with:\n\nWe are using this asset store plugin by the beautiful people of Deep Dream Games. Easy to integrate and good performance so far. We can only recommend buying it, if you are thinking about building your own. It will save you a lot of time and is pretty straightforward to integrate.\n\nWhilst our players animations are being controlled by the player, we keep adding animations for background animals and such. Bases on his bezier-system for Unity3D Mic built a rudimentary waypoint-animation system for background animations. You can now define a path and let rats on it. Or beavers. Or lions. It is very powerful.\n\nAlso related to dying in the game, is the so called footstep system. It lays footsteps at your feet to track your path. This ensures that your respawn point for reviving will be in a safe zone, so you do not get revived under water, between two boxes with not enough space and so on. But sometimes this system can spoil a riddle. Thus, Mic implemented an inhibitor, that prevents footsteps from being set in certain areas. It looks like this:\n\nThe green debug-line shows where the sweep sets the footsteps (tiny red points). In case of an active inhibitor, the steps are not set and the player will be revived at the last viable step.\n\nRika worked with Nora on a better implementation of the animations of the characters interacting with objects, buttons, Levers and so on. The proximity of the character now triggers different animations of the arms. The arm that is closer to the object will be used for the animation. See for yourselves:\n\nRika also solved some issues with the crates. A few bugs kept them from working as intended.\n\nElena and Niko have both been working with the AntiGrav fields that propel players upwards. Simon took the two concepts and created this ingame version of it:\n\nWell, that’s it for the week! We are working on something different the rest of the week, but you’ll be able to visit us at the annual “ Werkschau” at the MD.H on friday.\n\nAll the best!\n\n---\n\nTitle: Bloggy Badger: 2012\nURL: http://gelisam.blogspot.com/2012/\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: Posted by\n gelisam\nHighlights:\n93. Popcorn-Web-Development/Beaver-Words beaver-themed typing game.",
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borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n        <div class=\"caption titled\">&rarr; Pay attention\n            <div class=\"top-links\">\n            </div>\n        </div>\n<div style=\"padding: 0.5em;\">\n        <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\n            <span class='contest-state-phase'>Contest is running</span><br/><a href=\"/contest/2251/standings\">ICPC 2026 Online Challenge 1 powered by Huawei</a><br/><span class='countdown' noRedirection='true' home='//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337' textBeforeRedirect='Contest has been finished'><span title=\"112:23:02\">5 days</span></span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/2251\">Register now »</a>\n        </div>\n</div>\n    </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n  padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n  text-align: center;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n  margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n  padding: 0 1em 0.5em 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style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3857</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3812</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3536</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3530</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3510</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/turmax\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster turmax\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>urmax</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3402</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3389</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3367</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/heuristica\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster heuristica\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">h</span>euristica</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3322</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/strapple\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster strapple\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">s</span>trapple</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3308</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all &rarr;</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n        <div class=\"caption titled\">&rarr; Top contributors\n            <div class=\"top-links\">\n            </div>\n        </div>\n        <table class=\"rtable \">\n            <tbody>\n                <tr>\n                            <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n                            <th class=\"\">User</th>\n                            <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n                </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left  dark\">1</td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Qingyu\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">Q</span>ingyu</a></td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\">155</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n                                <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/maspy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maspy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aspy</a></td>\n                                <td class=\"\">149</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left  dark\">3</td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\">144</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n                                <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Master adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">adamant</a></td>\n                                <td class=\"\">137</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left  dark\">5</td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\">134</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n                                <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Errichto\" title=\"International Grandmaster Errichto\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Errichto</a></td>\n                                <td class=\"\">133</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left  dark\">6</td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/DNR\" title=\"Master DNR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">DNR</a></td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\">133</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n                                <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Dominater069\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Dominater069\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">D</span>ominater069</a></td>\n                                <td class=\"\">131</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left  dark\">9</td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/Proof_by_QED\" title=\"Master Proof_by_QED\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Proof_by_QED</a></td>\n                                <td class=\" dark\">130</td>\n                    </tr>\n                    <tr>\n                                <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n                                <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n                                <td class=\"bottom\">129</td>\n                    </tr>\n            </tbody>\n        </table>\n            <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n                <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n                    <tbody>\n                        <tr>\n                            <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n                            </td>\n                            <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n                                    <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all &rarr;</a>\n                            </td>\n                        </tr>\n                 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type=\"text/javascript\">\n        $(document).ready(function () {\n    $(\".handleBox\").autocompleteHandle();\n    $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\n        var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\n            \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\n        );\n        window.location = link;\n        return false;\n    });\n        });\n    </script>\n\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n        <div class=\"caption titled\">&rarr; Recent actions\n            <div class=\"top-links\">\n            </div>\n        </div>\n        <div class=\"recent-actions\">\n            <ul>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/afedor\" title=\"Master afedor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">afedor</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/62889\">List of anime-themed contests</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n        <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/hourglass.png\"  style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/night.watchman\" title=\"Pupil night.watchman\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">night.watchman</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/128725\">CP vs Chess</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n        <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/hourglass.png\"  style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Errichto\" title=\"International Grandmaster Errichto\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Errichto</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156122\">Petition to Display Color of Max Rating</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/AmShZ\" title=\"Grandmaster AmShZ\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">AmShZ</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156138\">Repovive Premier Round 7 — $300 in Prizes</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Bullet\" title=\"Specialist Bullet\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Bullet</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156192\">Invitation to Brain Booster Round #11 (Monday 24 August at 8.30 pm (BST), Rated for all)</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Errichto\" title=\"International Grandmaster Errichto\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Errichto</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155971\">Olympiad Classes by Harbour.Space</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/hassanzn04\" title=\"Expert hassanzn04\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">hassanzn04</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155844\">Discussion Regarding lebronjamal&#39;s Recent Performance</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/ece2023110\" title=\"Newbie ece2023110\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ece2023110</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156194\">Built ErithX because most contest trackers feel too noisy</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/zeyd1234\" title=\"Specialist zeyd1234\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">zeyd1234</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155967\">Is Codeforces Div. 2/3 turning into a pure ad-hoc math speedrun?</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Faraz\" title=\"Pupil Faraz\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Faraz</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156190\">Need of some Segtree / Merge sort tree Problems for practice</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/codej_40404\" title=\"Specialist codej_40404\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">codej_40404</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156187\">can i get up to 1600 ratings?</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/j.archit\" title=\"Pupil j.archit\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">j.archit</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156189\">CF Teleport – Instantly send Codeforces problems and test cases to VS Code.</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Qingyu\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">Q</span>ingyu</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/154559\">assert in GCC 16</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Faraz\" title=\"Pupil Faraz\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Faraz</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155526\">Roll back needed...</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/ICPCNews\" title=\"Unrated, ICPCNews\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">ICPCNews</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155646\">ICPC Challenge powered by Huawei</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Tsukasa_Tsukuyomi\" title=\"Specialist Tsukasa_Tsukuyomi\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Tsukasa_Tsukuyomi</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156182\">Alternate solution to AtCoder ABC472 Problem E — Odd Cycle</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/MIRZAPURI\" title=\"Specialist MIRZAPURI\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">MIRZAPURI</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/154928\">Are we necromancers for enjoying a dead thing?</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/Tagl\" title=\"Expert Tagl\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Tagl</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156181\">ICPC Europe Women&#39;s Programming Contest Finals</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/_tran.haian_0317.\" title=\"Candidate Master _tran.haian_0317.\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">_tran.haian_0317.</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/143734\">Road to Expert</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n        <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/hourglass.png\"  style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/htoshiro\" title=\"Expert htoshiro\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">htoshiro</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156005\">dp on a functional graph</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/MateoCV\" title=\"Master MateoCV\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">MateoCV</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/133298\">[GYM] 2024 Argentinian Programming Tournament (TAP)</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n        <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/hourglass.png\"  style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155047\">Educational Codeforces Round 192 Editorial</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/PersistentLife\" title=\"Grandmaster PersistentLife\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">PersistentLife</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/156161\">As an CNOI Gold Medalist: How I Train CNOI Gold Medal Winning Competitive Programmers</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155100\">Finally specialist again after 3 long, horrible, exruciating years</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n                        <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<a href=\"/profile/jay_jayjay\" title=\"Master jay_jayjay\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">jay_jayjay</a>        &rarr;\n        <a href=\"/blog/entry/155979\">TeamsCode Summer 2026 Virtual Programming Contest</a>\n&nbsp;&nbsp;<img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.com/codeforces.org/s/89337/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\n</div>\n</li>\n            </ul>\n        </div>\n            <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n                <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n                    <tbody>\n                        <tr>\n                            <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n                            </td>\n                            <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n                                    <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed &rarr;</a>\n                            </td>\n                        </tr>\n                    </tbody>\n                </table>\n            </div>\n    </div></div>\n                        <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\n\n\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"156288\">\n    <div class=\"title\">\n\n...132951 bytes truncated...\n\nThe tool call succeeded but the output was truncated. Full output saved to: /Users/zayd/.local/share/opencode/tool-output/tool_02fe960b3001Jhghk0oSWc0cKt\nUse Grep to search the full content or Read with offset/limit to view specific sections.",
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              "outputPath": "/Users/zayd/.local/share/opencode/tool-output/tool_02fe960b3001Jhghk0oSWc0cKt"
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            "title": "https://codeforces.com/problemset/submission/2257/387581172 (text/html;charset=UTF-8)",
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              "end": 1787510218933
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            "output": "Title: Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) - kmjp's blog\nURL: https://kmjp.hatenablog.jp/entry/2026/08/20/1000\nPublished: 2026-08-20T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: kmjp\nHighlights:\nCodeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) - kmjp's blog\n...\n## 競技プログラミング参加記です\n\n 2026- 08- 20 \n\n# Codeforces #1117 : Div2. F2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version) \n\nこんなテクがあったか…。 https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2\n...\nN個の島からなる双六を考える。 各島iにはセル数D[i]とペナルティS[i]が指定される。\n...\n各島のセルは左右一列に並んでいる。 この時、先頭の島の左端から初めて最後の島の右端のセルに移動することを考える。 パラメータXが与えられており、１手で1～Xマスだけ進んだセルに移動できる。 その際、移動元と移動先が同じ島だと、ペナルティS[i]が課される。\n...\n以下のクエリに順次答えよ。\n\n- D[i]を１か所更新する\n- S[i]を１か所更新する\n- 島の区間が指定される。その間で、先頭マスから末尾のマスに至る最小ペナルティを答えよ。\n...\n### 解法\n...\nEasyだとXが小さい。 その場合、SegTreeに、島に入るとき初手でスタートから何マス目のセルに入るか、そして最後終端から何マス手前のセルを通るかX^2通り状態を持ち、それぞれのコストを載せる。 あとはこの情報を合成していけば、良い。\n...\nHardだとXが大きいため、セル毎にX^2通りの状態を持つとメモリがあふれる。 そこで、島B個毎にブロックを分け、SegTreeにはブロック毎にX^2通りの情報を持たせよう。そうすればメモリ使用量が1/Bになる。 代わりに更新クエリの場合は、島B個分の状態を合成しないといけないが、それでも十分間に合う。\n...\n<array<\n...\nclass V,int NV> class SegTree_ma {\n...\npublic:\n\tvector<V> val;\n\t\n\tSegTree_ma(){val=vector<V>(NV*2);\n...\nV getval(int x,int y,int l=0,int r=NV,int k=1) { // x<=i<y\n\t\tif(x<=l && r<=y) return val[k\n...\nif(y<=(l+r)/2) return getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k*2);\n\t\tif(x>=(l+r)/2\n...\nreturn getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k*2+1);\n...\nreturn merge(getval(x,y,l,(l+r)/2,k*2),getval(x,y,(l+r)/2,r,k*2+1));\n\t}\n\tvoid update(int entry, V v) {\n...\nentry += NV;\n\t\tval[entry]=v;\n\t\twhile(entry>1) entry>>=1, val[entry]=merge(val[entry*2],val[entry*2+1]);\n\t}\n};\n...\nSegTree_ma<array<array<ll,10>,10>,1<<16> st;\n\nint D[1<<20],S[1<<20];\n\nconst int B=16;\n\narray<array<ll,10>,10> create(int d,int p) {\n\tarray<array<ll,10>,10> M;\n\tint x,y;\n\tFOR(x,X) FOR(y,X) {\n\t\tM[x][y]=(d-y)-(x+1);\n\t\tif(M[x][y]<=0) M[x][y]=0;\n\t\telse M[x][y]=(M[x][y]+X-1)/X*p;\n\t}\n\treturn M;\n}\n...\narray<array<ll,10>,10> merge(int L,int R) {\n\tauto V=create(D[L],S[L]);\n\tfor(int i=L+1;i<R;i++) {\n\t\tauto W=create(D[i],S[i]);\n\t\tV=merge(V,W);\n\t}\n\treturn V;\n}\n...\nvoid solve() {\n\tint i,j,k,l,r,x,y; string s;\n\t\n\tcin>>N>>Q>>X;\n\tFOR(i,N) cin>>D[i];\n\tFOR(i,N) cin>>S[i];\n\t\n\tFOR(i,N/B+1) {\n\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t}\n\twhile(Q--) {\n\t\tcin>>s;\n\t\tif(s==\"1\") {\n\t\t\tcin>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tD[i-1]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"2\") {\n\t\t\tcin>>i>>x;\n\t\t\tS[i-1]=x;\n\t\t\ti=(i-1)/B;\n\t\t\tauto p=merge(i*B,(i+1)*B);\n\t\t\tst.update(i,p);\n\t\t\t\n\t\t}\n\t\telse if(s==\"?\") {\n\t\t\tint L,R;\n\t\t\tcin>>L>>R;\n\t\t\tL--;\n\t\t\tauto p=create(D[L],S[L]);\n\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\twhile(L<R&&L%B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D[L],S[L]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tif(L/B!=R/B) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,st.getval(L/B,R/B));\n\t\t\t\tL=R/B*B;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\twhile(L<R) {\n\t\t\t\tp=merge(p,create(D[L],S[L]));\n\t\t\t\tL++;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tcout<<p[0][0]<<endl;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2\nURL: https://codeforces.com/contest/2257/problem/F2\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nProblem - F2 - Codeforces\n...\nF2. Beaver's Jumping Track (Hard Version)\n...\nThis is the hard version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that in this version, the constraint on $$$x$$$ and time limit are higher. You can hack only if you solved all versions of this problem.\n...\nThe Beaver is training to jump long distances. The Beaver can already jump $$$x$$$ meters. However, just jumping as far as possible is easy and boring. Therefore, the Beaver has created an unusual training track for jumping.\n...\nThe track consists of $$$n$$$ platforms; each platform consists of $$$d_i$$$ meter cells. If the Beaver stands on platform number $$$i$$$, jumps, and lands back on the same platform, this results in $$$s_i$$$ penalty points being awarded; otherwise, no penalty points are given. The Beaver can jump forward any integer number of cells less than or equal to $$$x$$$. Note that the Beaver can skip one or more platforms in a single jump without landing on them at all.\n...\nThe Beaver has unlimited computational power in its mind and always jumps in such a way as to minimize the total penalty for passing the track. Moreover, the track is not constant, and sometimes the lengths and penalties of some platforms change. Learn to calculate what penalty the Beaver will get if it starts standing on the first cell of platform number $$$l$$$ and finishes standing on the last cell of platform number $$$r$$$.\n...\nThe first line contains three integers $$$n$$$, $$$q$$$, $$$x$$$ — the number of sections of the track, the number of queries, and the maximum jump length, respectively ($$$1 \\leq n \\leq 10^6$$$; $$$1 \\leq q \\leq 10^4$$$; $$$1 \\leq x \\leq 10$$$).\n...\nThe second line contains $$$n$$$ integers $$$d_i$$$ — the lengths of the platforms ($$$1 \\leq d_i \\leq 10^7$$$).\n...\nThe third line contains $$$n$$$ integers $$$s_i$$$ — the penalties ($$$1 \\leq s_i \\leq 10^5$$$).\n...\nThe following $$$q$$$ lines describe the queries in one of the following formats:\n...\n1. \"1 $$$i$$$ $$$v$$$\" — set the length of the $$$i$$$-th platform to $$$v$$$ ($$$1 \\leq i \\leq n$$$; $$$1 \\leq v \\leq 10^7$$$);\n2. \"2 $$$i$$$ $$$y$$$\" — set the penalty on the $$$i$$$-th platform to $$$y$$$ ($$$1 \\leq i \\leq n$$$; $$$1 \\leq y \\leq 10^5$$$);\n3. \"? $$$l$$$ $$$r$$$\" — calculate the minimum penalty for passing the track consisting of platforms from $$$l$$$ to $$$r$$$ ($$$1 \\leq l \\leq r \\leq n$$$).\n...\nFor each query of the third type, output a single number on a separate line — the minimum penalty.\n...\n```\n\n11\n...\nDuring the first query, the lengths of the course sections are $$$[4, 2, 5]$$$ with costs $$$[4, 2, 7]$$$; the optimal route is\n...\n$$$$$$1 \\rightarrow 4 \\rightarrow 6 \\rightarrow 8 \\rightarrow 11$$$$$$ In this case, the penalty is $$$4 + 0 + 0 + 7 = 11$$$.\n...\nBefore the second query, the penalty of the second course increased, but we never get it; thus, the answer to this query is also $$$11$$$.\n...\nBefore the third query, we have the lengths of the courses $$$[2, 2, 5]$$$; then the route $$$$$$1 \\rightarrow 4 \\rightarrow 6 \\rightarrow 9$$$$$$ gives a penalty of 7, as the only penalizing jump is within one platform: $$$6 \\rightarrow 9$$$.\n\n---\n\nTitle: 题解 P13524 [KOI 2025 #2] 跳跃 - Z3k7223 - 博客园\nURL: https://www.cnblogs.com/Z3k7223/p/19211447\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n题解 P13524 [KOI 2025 #2] 跳跃 - Z3k7223 - 博客园\n...\n# 题解 P13524 [KOI 2025 #2] 跳跃 \n\n## Solution\n...\n考虑已知一个排列 \\(p\\) 怎么推出 \\(c\\)，显然是维护差分标记 \\(t\\)，对于 \\(p_i,p_{i+1}\\)，给 \\(t_{\\min(p_i,p_{i+1})}\\gets t_{\\min(p_i,p_{i+1})}+1\\) 以及 \\(t_{\\max(p_i,p_{i+1})}\\gets t_{\\max(p_i,p_{i+1})}-1\\)。\n...\n显然可以从 \\(c\\) 简单推出 \\(t\\)。下面我们只讨论 \\(i\\in [2,n-1]\\)。由于每个点只会被操作两次（到达一次，出发一次），则只可能存在 \\(t_i\\in \\{-2,0,2\\}\\)，且 \\(\\sum t_i=0\\)，即 \\(-2\\) 的个数 与 \\(2\\) 的个数相等。\n...\n考虑若 \\(t_i=-2\\)，则两次操作这个点，\\(i\\) 都是作为终点，即 \\(i\\) 的左右两侧相邻的数都比 \\(i\\) 小；同理 \\(t_i=2\\) 表示两侧都比 \\(i\\) 大；\\(t_i=0\\) 表示一侧比 \\(i\\) 大，一侧比 \\(i\\) 小。\n...\n然后你会发现由于 \\(c_i\\) 为正，\\(t_i\\) 的每一个前缀和（从 \\(2\\) 开始）都是非负，所以第一个 \\(2\\) 一定在第一个 \\(-2\\) 之前，第二个 \\(2\\) 一定在第二个 \\(-2\\) 之前……然后就有一个很好的构造，把 \\(1\\) 放第一个，再放第一个 \\(t_i=-2\\) 的 \\(i\\)，放第一个 \\(t_i=2\\) 的 \\(i\\)，放第二个 \\(t_i=-2\\) 的 \\(i\\)，以此类推，不难发现一定满足要求。\n...\n什么？你问 \\(t_i=0\\) 怎么办？在任意两个数 \\(p_i,p_{i+1}\\) 之间插 \\([p_i,p_{i+1}]\\) 里面（或 \\([p_{i+1},p_i]\\) 里面）的数就行。随便用 `set` 搞一下即可。\n...\n3{\n\tconst int N=2e5+10;\n\tint n;\n\tint ip[N],a[N];\n\tint ans[N],vis[N],tot;\n\tint tg_chk[N];\n\tvoid check1(){\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<n;i++){\n\t\t\tint x=ans[i],y=ans[i+1];\n\t\t\tif(x>y){\n\t\t\t\tswap(x,y);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t++tg_chk[x],--tg_chk[y];\n\t\t}\n\t\tsort(ans+1,ans+1+n);\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<=n;i++){\n\t\t\tif(ans[i]!=i){\n\t\t\t\tcerr<<\"NOT A PERMUTATION!\\n\";\n\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<n;i++){\n\t\t\ttg_chk[i]+=tg_chk[i-1];\n\t\t}\n\t\tint cnt=0;\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<n;i++){\n\t\t\tif(tg_chk[i]!=ip[i]){\n\t\t\t\t++cnt;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tcerr<<cnt<<\" error(s) found\\n\";\n\t}\n\tint tag[N];\n\tset<int>s;\n\tvoid ins(int x){\n\t\tif(s.empty()){\n\t\t\tans[++tot]=x;\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\t\tvector<int>tmp;\n\t\tif(ans[tot]>x){\n\t\t\tauto it=s.lower_bound(ans[tot]);\n\t\t\twhile(it!=s.begin()){\n\t\t\t\t--it;\n\t\t\t\tif(*it<x)break;\n\t\t\t\tans[++tot]=*it;\n\t\t\t\ttmp.push_back(*it);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}else{\n\t\t\tauto it=s.lower_bound(ans[tot]);\n\t\t\twhile(it!=s.end()){\n\t\t\t\tif(*it>x)break;\n\t\t\t\tans[++tot]=*it;\n\t\t\t\ttmp.push_back(*it);\n\t\t\t\t++it;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tfor(int r:tmp){\n\t\t\ts.erase(r);\n\t\t}\n\t\tans[++tot]=x;\n\t}\n\tvoid main(){\n\t\tcin>>n;\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<n;i++){\n\t\t\tcin>>ip[i];\n\t\t}\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<=n;i++){\n\t\t\ta[i]=ip[i]-ip[i-1];\n\t\t\tans[i]=i;\n\t\t\tif(a[i]==0){\n\t\t\t\ts.insert(i);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tvector<int>ar,br;\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<=n;i++){\n\t\t\tif(a[i]==-2){\n\t\t\t\tar.push_back(i);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tif(a[i]==2){\n\t\t\t\tbr.push_back(i);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tans[++tot]=1;\n\t\tfor(int i=0;i<ar.size();i++){\n\t\t\tins(ar[i]);\n\t\t\tins(br[i]);\n\t\t}\n\t\tfor(int i=1;i<=n;i++){\n\t\t\tcout<<ans[i]<<' ';\n\t\t}\n\t\tcout<<'\\n';\n\t\tcheck1();\n\t}\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: AT_joigsc2022_c チーム戦 (Team Contest) 题解 - 洛谷专栏\nURL: https://www.luogu.com.cn/article/6uxin1d6\nPublished: 2023-08-20T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: FReQuenter\nHighlights:\nAT_joigsc2022_c チーム戦 (Team Contest) 题解 - 洛谷专栏\n...\n# AT_joigsc2022_c チーム戦 (Team Contest) 题解\n...\nJOI 大学有 N 只海狸，他们都参与竞技编程。每只海狸有三项能力值：思考值，行动值和运气值。如果一个能力值很大，意味着他这项能力比较强大。对于第 i~(i\\in[1,N]) 只海狸，他的思考值为 X_i，行动值为 Y_i，运气值为 Z_i。\n...\n今年 JOI 大学的海狸们将参与一场团体竞技编程，一支队伍由三名队员组成。Bitaro 是 JOI 大学的教练，由于团队合作很重要，Bitaro 决定从 N 只海狸中选出三只海狸组成队伍，这三只海狸要满足以下条件：\n...\n条件：每个成员都有自己的优势，这意味着每个成员都有一项能力值严格大于其他两人的对应能力值。\n...\n在所有符合条件的组队中，Bitaro 想要选一个总能力最强的队伍，一个队伍的总能力定义为：三人最大思考值，三人最大行动值和三人最大运气值之和。\n...\n请你求出，是否存在一个符合条件的组队，如果是，计算队伍总能力可能的最大值。\n...\n第一行一个整数 N 表示海狸数。\n...\n接下来 N 行每行三个整数 X_i,Y_i,Z_i 表示海狸的各项能力值。\n...\n一行一个整数，如果不存在符合条件的组队，输出`-1`，否则输出队伍总能力的最大值。\n...\n【样例解释 #1】\n...\n由海狸 1,4,5 组成的队伍符合条件，因为：\n...\n1. 海狸 5 的优势是思考。\n2. 海狸 4 的优势是行动。\n3. 海狸 1 的优势是运气。\n...\n总能力值为：5+4+4=13。\n...\n可以证明这是符合条件的组队中，总能力值最高的队伍。\n...\n注意如果选择海狸 1,3,5，总能力值将达到 15，但是这会导致海狸 1 没有特长。\n...\n这组样例满足所有子任务的限制。\n...\n#2】\n...\n最优组队为：海狸 2,3,4。\n...\n任何组队方式都会导致队员没有特长，不存在符合条件的组队。\n...\n满足所有子任务的限制。\n...\n详细子任务附加限制及\n...\n| 子任务编号 | 附加限制 | 分值 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | N\\leq 300 | 8 |\n| 2 | N\\leq 4000 | 29 |\n| 3 | X_i,Y_i,Z_i\\leq 5 (i\\in[1,N]) | 9 |\n| 4 | X_i,Y_i,Z_i\\leq 20 (i\\in[1,N]) | 9 |\n| 5 | X_i,Y_i,Z_i\\leq 300 (i\\in[1,N]) | 9 |\n| 6 | X_i,Y_i,Z_i\\leq 4000 (i\\in[1,N]) | 9 |\n| 7 | 无附加限制 | 27 |\n...\n双倍经验双倍题解\n...\n考虑贪心。\n...\n先抛结论：如果一个人的其中两种能力值为剩余所有人中该能力值的最大值，那么这个人一定不能被选择。\n...\n证明很简单：如果这个人被选上了，那么他的两（三）种能力值都是最大的，不符合题意。\n...\n所以每次只要删除对于当前最大值不合法的人之后更新最大值，随后持续这个过程直到没有修改为止。\n...\n关于具体实现：使用 set/map/堆等记录对于当前这种能力值的最大的人然后判断是否合法即可。复杂度 O(n \\log n)。\n...\n哈希+计数排序把\n...\n降到 O(n\n\n---\n\nTitle: CF1768F Wonderful Jump  - 寂静的海底 - 博客园\nURL: https://www.cnblogs.com/Dreamerkk/p/17093849.html\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nCF1768F Wonderful Jump - 寂静的海底 - 博客园\n...\n## 我和你在这里。 \n\n# CF1768F Wonderful Jump \n\n大神仙题，2023年度最好题预定。\n...\n首先有显然的 dp ：\\(f_i\\) 表示跳到 \\(i\\) 的最小代价。\n...\n有 \\(f_i =\\min_{j <i} f_j +(i-j)^2\\times \\min(a_j\\dots a_i)\\)。\n...\n发现没有决策单调性，线段树也无法维护这种新的复杂的变化，转移次数也可能较多，\n...\n\\(n\\\n...\n因为平方项的出现，当最小值很大的时候一步跳过去是很劣的是 \\(O(len^2 \\times n)\\)，我们会跳一个较大的跨度仅当它的最值很小，否则还不如一步一步跳过去的最坏 \\(O(len \\times n)\\) 级别。\n...\n两种情况的大小 \\(min \\times len^2 < n\\times len\\)\n...\n由于值域是 \\(n\\) ，考虑阈值分治：\n...\n当 \\(len \\leq B\\) 时，直接暴力转移，时间复杂度 \\(O(B)\\)。\n...\n当 \\(len > B\\) 时，根据上面的分析，\\(min \\leq \\frac n B\\) 时，答案才有可能更优，否则一定是无效的。\n...\n引出一个很好猜到的引理：\n...\n当 \\(j \\to k \\to i\\) ，且 \\(a_k = \\min\\{a_j\\dots a_i\\}\\) 时，经过 \\(k\\) 一定比不经过 \\(k\\) 优 ，因为平方和本来就小于和平方，乘上的系数也不大于后者。\n...\n这个引理告诉我们：对于一段连续的相同值的数，如果被经过，先跳到开头，接着一个一个地调到末尾，再跳出去是最优的。\n...\n于是我们就只需要考虑 \\(min \\leq \\frac n B\\) 这些 \\(O(\\frac n B)\\) 个段的最右端的转移，单调栈维护即可。\n...\n但是这么做 WA on 5 了，百思不得其解后我看了官方题解，发现漏掉了一种情况：\n...\n\\(\\min \\{a_j\\dots a_i\\} = a_i\\) 时，可能从某个不是单调栈中段最右端的转移且不是 \\(len \\leq B\\) 的段处转移来，因为前面那个引理引出的结论成立的条件是 “那一段连续的数是最小值”。\n...\n所以当 \\(a_i\\) 是最小值时，可能有不同于前两种转移的转移：令左边第一个大于等于的 \\(a_i\\) 的数为 \\(L_i\\)，暴力枚举 \\(L_i + 1 \\sim i -1\\) 转移过来，再之前的都满足最值在转移起点了。\n...\n这部分的时间复杂度分析：均摊 \\(O(\\frac n B)\\)。\n...\n考虑如下证明：\n...\n考虑每个转移起点对复杂度的贡献，这个点最多贡献给 \\(O(\\frac n B)\\) 个转移终点，因为相等的点会阻断转移，而向后一定是一段单增的指可能受到贡献，所以总转移的次数为 \\(O(\\frac {n^2} B)\\)，均摊 \\(O(\\frac n B)\\)。\n...\n取 \\(B = \\sqrt n\\) 时总复杂度为 \\(O(n\\sqrt n)\\)，空间 \\(O(n)\\)。\n\n代码：\n...\n```cpp\n//省略快读及宏定义.\n...\nsigned main()\n{\n...\nread(n);\n...\nrep(i,1,n) read(a[i]) ;\n...\nsta[++top] = 1 ;\n...\nint x = sqrt(n) ;\n...\nfor(int i = 2 ; i <= n ; ++ i) {\n...\nint mn = a[i] ;\n...\nfor(int j = i - 1 ; j >= 1 && j >= i - x - 3 ; -- j) {\n...\n// 暴力\nupmin(mn , a[j]);\nupmin(f[i] , f[j] + sq(i - j) * mn) ;\n}\n...\nwhile(top && a[sta[top]] > a[i]) top -- ;\nsta[++top] = i ;\n...\nfor(int j = 1 ; j <= x + 1 && j < top ; ++ j) {\n...\nupmin(f[i] , f[sta[j]] + sq(i - sta[j] ) * a[ sta[j]]);\n...\n// 从单调栈最右端点转移\n}\n...\nif(a[i] < x + 3) {\n...\n// mn = a[i] ;\n...\nfor(int j = i - 1 ; j >= 1 ; -- j) {\n...\nif(a[i] >= a[j]) break;\n...\nupmin(f[i] , f[j] + sq(i - j) * a[i]) ;\n\n---\n\nTitle: F-跳跃_牛客假日团队赛2\nURL: https://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/924/F\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\nF-跳跃_牛客假日团队赛2\n...\n## 题目描述\n...\nFarmer John为了满足奶牛对美的享受而安装了人工湖。矩形的人工湖分成行列的方形小格子。有些格子是荷叶，有些是岩石，剩下的格子有的只是美丽的蓝色湖水。 Bessie通过从一片荷叶跳到另一片荷叶上来练习芭蕾。它现在正站在一片荷叶上（看输入数据了解具体位置）。它希望通过在荷叶上跳跃来到达另一片荷叶。它既不能跳到水里也不能跳到岩石上。 Bessie的跳跃有点类似象棋中马那样的移动，在一个方向上移动格，然后再在斜方向上移动格（或者是在一个方向上移动格，然后在斜方向上移动格）。Bessie再一个荷叶最多可能有多达8种的跳跃选择。 给出池塘的构造以及Bessie跳跃的形式，找出Bessie从起点荷叶跳到终点荷叶所需的最小的跳跃次数。数据保证有解。\n...\n## 输入描述:\n...\n```\n第1行: 四个空格分开的整数： M, N, M1, 和 M2第2行至 M+1行: 第i+1行用N个空格分开的整数描述池塘第i行，0表示水，1表示 荷叶，2表示岩石，3表示Bessie现在站的那块荷叶，4表示跳跃的终点。\n```\n...\n## 输出描述:\n...\n```\n输出 一个整数，是Bessie从起点荷叶跳到终点荷叶所需的最小的跳跃数。\n```\n\n示例1\n...\n```\nBessie在第二行的左边开始；她的目的地在第二行的右边。池塘中有几块荷叶和岩石。Bessie聪明的跳到了(1,3)的荷叶上，再跳到目的地。\n```\n\n---\n\nTitle: 题解 | 跳跃-牛客假日团队赛2F题_牛客博客\nURL: https://blog.nowcoder.net/n/6c32e8999c7449019ebd18f766125286\nPublished: N/A\nAuthor: N/A\nHighlights:\n题解 | 跳跃-牛客假日团队赛2F题_牛客博客\n...\n# 题解 | 跳跃-牛客假日团队赛2F题 \n\n 1443 浏览 0 回复 2019-08-06 \n\nhttps://ac.nowcoder.com/acm/contest/924/F\n...\n### 题目描述 \n\n Farmer John为了满足奶牛对美的享受而安装了人工湖。矩形的人工湖分成行列的方形小格子。有些格子有美丽的荷叶，有些有岩石，剩下的格子有的只是美丽的蓝色湖水。 Bessie通过从一片荷叶跳到另一片荷叶上来练习芭蕾。它现在正站在一片荷叶上（看输入数据了解具***置）。它希望通过在荷叶上跳跃来到达另一片荷叶。它既不能跳到水里也不能跳到岩石上。 只有新手才会感到吃惊：Bessie的跳跃有点类似国际象棋中马那样的移动，在一个方向上移动“格”，然后再在斜方向上移动格（或者也许在一个方向上移动格，然后在斜方向上移动格）。Bessie有时可能有多达8中的跳跃选择。 给出池塘的构造以及Bessie跳跃的形式，找出Bessie从一个位置移动到另一个位置所需的最小的跳跃次数。这个跳跃对于所给的测试数据总是可能的。 \n\n### 输入描述: \n\n> 第 1 行: 四个空格分开的整数：和 \n> \n> 第 2 至行: 第行用个空格分开的整数描述池塘第行，0表示水，1表示 荷叶，2表示岩石，3表示Bessie现在站的那块荷叶，4表示跳跃的 终点。 \n\n### 输出描述: \n\n> 第 1 行: 一个整数，是Bessie从一块荷叶跳到另一块荷叶所需的最小的跳跃数。 \n\n#### 示例1 \n\n 输入 \n\n> 4 5 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 3 0 2 0 4 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 \n\n 输出 \n\n> 2 \n\n 说明 \n\n> Bessie在第二行的左边开始；她的目的地在第二行的右边。池塘中有几块荷叶和岩石。 Bessie聪明的跳到了(1,3)的荷叶上，再跳到目的地。 \n\n### 解答 \n\n BFS模板，唯一注意的就是下一步的位置。 \n\n```cpp\n#include <bits/stdc++.h>\n \nusing namespace std;\n...\nint Bfs(int Next[8][2])\n{\n    queue<Node> que;\n    que.emplace(s, e, 0);\n...\nwhile (!que.empty())\n...\nNode\n...\nque.front();\n...\nque.pop\n...\nint nx\n...\n.x_+Next[i][0];\n...\nint ny = now.y_+Next[i][1];\n...\nif (Map[nx][ny] == 4)\n...\n_+1;\n...\nfor\n...\nj\n...\nm; j++)\n...\n{\n            cin >> Map[i][j\n...\nif (Map[i][j] == 3)\n...\ns = i, e\n...\nj;\n...\nint Next[8][2] = {{-m1, -m2}, {-m1, m2}, {-m2, -m1}, {-m2, m1},\n                      {m1, -m2}, {m1, m2}, {m2, -m1}, {m2, m1}};\n...\nint res = Bfs(Next);\n    cout << res << endl;\n \n    return 0;\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: 题解 P2678 【跳石头】 - 洛谷专栏\nURL: https://www.luogu.com.cn/article/08mxthsv\nPublished: 2017-08-30T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: ShawnZhou\nHighlights:\n题解 P2678 【跳石头】 - 洛谷专栏\n...\n# 题解 P2678 【跳石头】\n...\n这道题如果要使用暴力搜索直接求解会严重超时。实际上，我们可以发现，这个所谓的最短跳跃距离显然不能超过一个范围，而这个范围题目上已经给了出来。也就是说，答案是有一个确定的范围限制的，我们就可以考虑一种另外的方法去解决——枚举答案，并去验证答案是否可行。\n...\n我们把这个方法叫做“二分答案”。顾名思义，它用二分的方法枚举答案，并且枚举时判断这个答案是否可行。但是，二分并不是在所有情况下都是可用的，使用二分需要满足两个条件。一个是有界，一个是单调。\n...\n二分答案应该是在一个单调闭区间上进行的。也就是说，二分答案最后得到的答案应该是一个确定值，而不是像搜索那样会出现多解。二分一般用来解决最优解问题。刚才我们说单调性，那么这个单调性应该体现在哪里呢？\n...\n那么什么时候适用二分答案呢？注意到题面：使得选手们在比赛过程中的最短跳跃距离尽可能长。如果题目规定了有“最大值最小”或者“最小值最大”的东西，那么这个东西应该就满足二分答案的有界性（显然）和单调性（能看出来）。\n...\n那就好办了。我们二分跳跃距离，然后把这个跳跃距离“认为”是最短的跳跃距离，然后去以这个距离为标准移石头。使用一个judge判断这个解是不是可行解。如果这个解是可行解，那么有可能会有比这更优的解，那么我们就去它的右边二分。为什么去右边？答案是，这个区间是递增的 ，而我们求的是最短跳跃距离的最大值，显然再右边的值肯定比左边大，那么我们就有可能找到比这更优的解，直到找不到，那么最后找到的解就有理由认为是区间内最优解。反过来，如果二分到的这个解是一个非法解，我们就不可能再去右边找了。因为性质，右边的解一定全都是非法解。那么我们就应该去左边找解。整个过程看起来很像递归，实际上，这个过程可以递归写， 也可以写成非递归形式，我个人比较喜欢使用非递归形式。\n...\n下一个问题，这个judge怎么实现呢？judge函数每个题有每个题的写法，但大体上的思想应该都是一样的——想办法检测这个解是不是合法。拿这个题来说，我们去判断如果以这个距离为最短跳跃距离需要移走多少块石头，先不必考虑限制移走多少块，等全部拿完再把拿走的数量和限制进行比对，如果超出限制，那么这就是一个非法解，反之就是一个合法解，很好理解吧。\n...\n可以去模拟这个跳石头的过程。开始你在i(i=0)位置，我在跳下一步的时候去判断我这个当前跳跃的距离，如果这个跳跃距离比二分出来的mid小，那这就是一个不合法的石头，应该移走。为什么？我们二分的是最短跳跃距离，已经是最短了，如果跳跃距离比最短更短岂不是显然不合法，是这样的吧。移走之后要怎么做？先把计数器加上1，再考虑向前跳啊。去看移走之后的下一块石头，再次判断跳过去的距离，如果这次的跳跃距离比最短的长，那么这样跳是完全可以的，我们就跳过去，继续判断，如果跳过去的距离不合法就再拿走，这样不断进行这个操作，直到i = n+1，为啥是n+1？河中间有n块石头，显然终点在n+1处。（这里千万要注意不要把n认为是终点，实际上从n还要跳一步才能到终点）。\n...\n模拟完这个过程，我们查看计数器的值，这个值代表的含义是我们以mid作为答案需要移走的石头数量，然后判断这个数量 是不是超了就行。如果超了就返回false，不超就返回true。\n...\nbool judge(int x){//judge函数，x代表当前二分出来的答案\n    int tot = 0;//tot代表计数器，记录以当前答案需要移走的\n...\n石头数\n    int i =\n...\n0;//i代表下一块石头的编号\n    int now =\n...\n;//now代表模拟跳石头\n...\nwhile (i < n+1){//千万\n...\nn不是终点，n+1才是\n        i++;\n        if (a[i] - a[now] < x)//判断距离，看二\n...\n之间的距离算差值就好\n            tot++;//判定成功，\n...\n这块石头拿走，继续考虑下一\n...\nnow = i;//判定失败，这块石头不用拿走，我们就跳过去\n...\ntot > m)\n...\nint main(){\n    d = read();//d代表总长度，也就是右边界\n    n = read();//n块石头\n    m = read();//限制移走m块，思考的时候可别被这个m限制\n    for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)\n        a[i] = read();\n    a[n+1] = d;//敲黑板划重点，再强调一遍，n不是终点\n    l = 1;//l和r分别代表二分的左边界和右边界\n    r = d;\n    while (l <= r){//非递归式二分正常向写法，可理解为一般框架\n        mid = (l+r) / 2;//这再看不出是啥意思可以退群了\n        if (judge(mid)){//带入judge函数判断当前解是不是可行解\n            ans = mid;\n            l = mid + 1;//走到这里，看来是可行解，我们尝试看看是不是有更好的可行解\n        }\n        else\n            r = mid - 1;//噫，你找了个非法解，赶紧回到左半边看看有没有可行解\n    }\n    cout << ans << endl;//最后的ans绝对是最优解\n    return 0;\n}\n\n---\n\nTitle: 【洛谷 P2678】 [NOIP2015 提高组] 跳石头 超详细题解-CSDN博客\nURL: https://blog.csdn.net/Chow_Ssehc/article/details/162016094\nPublished: 2026-06-15T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: 成就一亿技术人!\nHighlights:\n【洛谷 P2678】 [NOIP2015 提高组] 跳石头 超详细题解-CSDN博客\n...\n、题目分析\n...\n河道起点距离终点总长 L，起点终点中间有 N 块石头，最多移走 M 块石头（起点终点不能动）。移走石头后，选手跳跃时相邻两块石头的最小跳跃距离要尽可能大，求这个最大的最小距离。\n...\n最多移走 2 块石头，最终答案是 4。\n...\n#### 2. 题型核心：最大化最小值\n...\n这类 “最小的最大值 / 最大的最小值” 是二分答案经典题型：\n...\n答案存在明确的取值区间，且具有单调性：\n...\n- 如果距离 x 是可行解（能移走 ≤ M 块石头满足所有跳跃 ≥ x），那么所有小于 x 的距离一定也可行；\n- 如果距离 x 不可行，所有大于 x 的距离一定不可行；\n...\n### 二、二分答案思路拆解\n...\n- 单调性满足二分的使用条件，二分枚举答案，再写 check 函数验证可行性。\n- 左边界 l：最小跳跃距离下限为 0；\n- 右边界 r：最大跳跃距离上限为河道总长 L（极端情况只剩起点终点）。\n...\n#### 2. 二分循环写法（开区间模板：(l+1<r)）\n...\n```\nwhile(l + 1 < r){\n    int mid = l + r >> 1; // 等价于 (l + r) / 2，向下取整\n    if(check(mid)) \n        l = mid; // mid可行，尝试更大的答案\n    else \n        r = mid; // mid不可行，缩小上界\n}\n...\nreturn l; // 循环结束l就是最大合法答案\n\n```\n...\n循环终止条件： l 和 r 相邻，此时 l 是最后一个合法值，也就是我们要的最优解。\n...\n#### 3. check 函数核心逻辑\n...\n函数传入一个假设的最短跳跃距离 q，判断：要让所有相邻石头间距 ≥ q，最少需要移走多少块石头。\n...\n- `last`：上一块保留的石头下标，初始是起点 0；\n- `cnt`：需要移走的石头数量，初始 0；\n...\n遍历每一块石头（包含终点）：\n...\n- 如果当前石头和上一块保留石头的距离 (< q)：这块石头必须移走，`cnt++`；\n- 如果距离 (≥ q)：这块石头保留，更新`last`为当前下标；\n...\n判定： 若需要移走的石头总数 (cnt ≤ M)，说明 q 这个距离可以做到，返回`true`；否则返回`false`。\n...\n样例验证（q=4）： 数组：`0, 2, 11, 14, 17, 21, 25`\n...\n- `last=0`，`i=1`，`2-0=2 <4`→ 移走，`cnt=1`\n- `i=2`，`11-0=11≥4`→ 保留，`last=2`\n- `i=3`，`14-11=3 <4`→ 移走，`cnt=2`\n- `i=4`，`17-11=6≥4`→ 保留，`last=4`\n- `i=5`，`21-17=4≥4`→ 保留，`last=5`\n- `i=6`，`25-21=4≥4`→ 保留\n...\n总移走`cnt=2 ≤ M=2`，q=4 合法。\n...\n如果尝试 q=5：最少需要移走 3 块石头，超过 M=2，不合法。因此 4 是最大合法值。\n...\n### 三、完整代码逐行讲解\n...\n// L：河道总长，n：石头数，m：最多移走数量，a存储石头位置\nint n, m, L, a[N];\n...\n// 校验函数：假设最短跳跃距离为q，是否可行\nbool check(int q){\n    int cnt = 0;   // 需要移走的石头数量\n    int last = 0;   // 上一块保留石头的下标（起点a[0]=0）\n    \n    // 遍历1~n+1，a[n+1]是终点L\n    for(int i = 1; i <= n + 1; i++){\n        // 间距不足q，移走当前石头\n        if(a[i] - a[last] < q)\n            cnt++;\n        // 间距足够，保留当前石头，更新last\n        else\n            last = i;\n    }\n    \n    // 需要移走的石头不超过上限m，则可行\n    return cnt <= m;\n}\n...\n// 二分主函数，寻找最大合法距离\nint find(){\n    int l = 0, r = 1e9; // 二分左右边界\n    \n    while(l + 1 < r){\n        int mid = l + r >> 1; // 二分中点\n        \n        if(check(mid))\n            l = mid; // mid可行，答案至少是mid，向右找更大值\n        else\n            r = mid; // mid不可行，答案一定小于mid，向左缩小范围\n    }\n    \n    return l; // 循环结束l为最优解\n}\n...\nint main(){\n    // 输入总长L、石头数n、最多移走m\n    cin >> L >> n >> m;\n    \n    // 读入n块石头的位置，存入a[1]~a[n]\n    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){\n        cin >> a[i];\n    }\n    \n    // a[n+1]存放终点位置L\n    a[n + 1] = L;\n    \n    // 二分求解并输出答案\n    cout << find();\n    \n    return 0;\n}\n...\n关键细节\n...\n- `a[0]`隐式为起点 0，不需要存储；\n- `a[1]~a[n]`是题目给出的中间石头；\n- `a[n+1]`手动赋值为终点 L，遍历的时候一并判断终点，不用单独处理最后一段距离。\n...\n二分右边界 1e9 题目 L 最大不会超过\n...\n10^9)，设置 1e9 覆盖所有输入范围，不会影响效率。\n...\n### 四、二分答案模板总结（最大化最小值通用）\n...\n1. 确定答案取值区间 ([l, r])；\n2. 写`check(x)`函数，判断 x 是否满足题目约束；\n3. 二分循环：\n...\n```\nwhile(l + 1 < r){\n    int mid = l + r >> 1;\n    if(check(mid)) l = mid;\n    else r = mid;\n}\n...\ncout << l;\n\n```\n...\n适用题型特征：\n...\n- 求 “最小的最大值”/“最大的最小值”；\n- 答案具备单调性，可快速校验单个值是否合法。\n...\n忘记把终点 L 存入数组`a[n+1]`，会漏掉最后一段跳跃距离，\n...\n错误；\n2\n...\n，起点 0 丢失，计算间距全部出错；\n...\n二分循环写成`l <= r`的另一种模板，边界更新逻辑不匹配导致死循环或\n...\n4. 数组开太小，N\n...\n1e5 时\n...\n容量不足，出现\n...\n搞反 check\n...\n逻辑：移走石头数量判断\n...\n成`cnt >= m`，返回值\n...\n### 六、样例模拟完整流程\n...\n输入： (L=25, n=5, m=2)，石头位置`[2, 11, 14, 17, 21]`\n...\n数组填充后：`a[1]=2, a[2]=11, a[3]=14, a[4]=17, a[5]=21, a[6]=25`\n...\n二分过程简要：\n...\n- (l=0, r=1e9)，`mid=5e8`，check 直接不合法，r 缩小；\n- 不断二分收敛到区间 (l=4, r=5)，此时 (l+1<r) 成立，`mid=4`；\n- check(4) 返回 true，更新 (l=4)；\n- 现在 (l+1=r)（4+1=5），循环结束，返回 l=4，与样例输出一致。\n\n---\n\nTitle: [JOIST 2025 Day1] 比太郎之旅 2 题解 - 洛谷专栏\nURL: https://www.luogu.com.cn/article/sensc79l\nPublished: 2025-03-26T00:00:00.000Z\nAuthor: FFTotoro\nHighlights:\n[JOIST 2025 Day1] 比太郎之旅 2 题解 - 洛谷专栏\n\n# [JOIST 2025 Day1] 比太郎之旅 2 题解\n...\n16:2\n...\n:09 ·\n...\n有结论：一次跳高只可能使得可以到达的点增加，不会使原来可以到达的点无法到达。\n...\n于是考虑在查询时如何快速得知从起点到终点需要经过的最高的山的最低高度 h（也就是说，只要在跳跃过程中跳到了这个高度即可）。这是一个经典问题（类似 ABC394G 的思路），可以使用 Kruskal 重构树简单地求解。\n...\n接下来处理每次最多跳 L 的限制。根据上面的结论，除了最后一次跳跃，每次贪心地跳到当前能跳到的最高的山是正确的。对于每个坐标 (x,y) 处理出 \\mathrm{nx}_{x,y} 表示 (x,y) 跳一次可以到达的最高的山的坐标，发现这个东西可以倍增；于是对于每个询问就能�